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Duduyemi BM, Kwakye T, Sallah L. Kaiso Expression in Triple Negative Breast Cancer in a Tertiary Hospital in Ghana. Niger Med J 2024; 65:354-366. [PMID: 39022573 PMCID: PMC11249483 DOI: 10.60787/nmj-v65i3-429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer has produced more lost disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) than any other type of cancer. The prevalence of the disease, especially triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) in Africa is on the rise, with poor survival rates. With the great advancements in treatments of breast cancers, that of TNBC is still a challenge due to its narrowed treatment options and poor disease prognosis. This research seeks to explore the expression of kaiso in Ghanaian breast cancer and how they may modulate clinicopathological features, and disease prognosis. Methodology A cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) breast cancer tissues retrieved from the archives of the pathology unit of Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH). Immunohistochemistry assessment was performed on haematoxylin and eosin-stained slides selected for tissue microarray construction. Data were analysed using SPSS version 28 and Microsoft excel 2013. Results 55.3% of the cases tested negative to progesterone receptor (PR), oestrogen receptor (ER), and human epidermal growth receptor 2 (HER2). There were significant associations between menopausal status and molecular subtype (p=0.010), Kaiso expression and histological diagnoses (<0.001) and Kaiso against lymphovascular invasion (0.050). However, there were no significant associations between Kaiso localization and the clinicopathological features although 63.9% of the expression was seen in the nucleus. Conclusion The study indicates that Kaiso is highly expressed in Ghanaian TNBC and likely associated with worse outcomes in aggressive tumour types.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thelma Kwakye
- Department of Physiology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Ghana
| | - Lorraine Sallah
- Department of Physiology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Ghana
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Harris AR, Panigrahi G, Liu H, Koparde VN, Bailey-Whyte M, Dorsey TH, Yates CC, Ambs S. Chromatin Accessibility Landscape of Human Triple-negative Breast Cancer Cell Lines Reveals Variation by Patient Donor Ancestry. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 3:2014-2029. [PMID: 37732899 PMCID: PMC10552704 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-23-0236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
African American (AA) women have an excessive risk of developing triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). We employed Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin using sequencing to characterize differences in chromatin accessibility between nine commonly used TNBC cell lines derived from patients of European and African ancestry. Principal component and chromosome mapping analyses of accessibility peaks with the most variance revealed separation of chromatin profiles by patient group. Motif enrichment and footprinting analyses of disparate open chromatin regions revealed differences in transcription factor activity, identifying 79 with ancestry-associated binding patterns (FDR < 0.01). AA TNBC cell lines exhibited increased accessibility for 62 transcription factors associated with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, cancer stemness/chemotherapeutic resistance, proliferation, and aberrant p53 regulation, as well as KAISO, which has been previously linked to aggressive tumor characteristics in AA patients with cancer. Differential Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin signal analysis identified 1,596 genes located within promoters of differentially open chromatin regions in AA-derived TNBC, identifying DNA methyltransferase 1 as the top upregulated gene associated with African ancestry. Pathway analyses with these genes revealed enrichment in several pathways, including hypoxia. Culturing cells under hypoxia showed ancestry-specific stress responses that led to the identification of a core set of AA-associated transcription factors, which included members of the Kruppel-like factor and Sp subfamilies, as well as KAISO, and identified ZDHHC1, a gene previously implicated in immunity and STING activation, as the top upregulated AA-specific gene under hypoxia. Together, these data reveal a differential chromatin landscape in TNBC associated with donor ancestry. The open chromatin structure of AA TNBC may contribute to a more lethal disease. SIGNIFICANCE We identify an ancestry-associated open chromatin landscape and related transcription factors that may contribute to aggressive TNBC in AA women. Furthermore, this study advocates for the inclusion of diversely sourced cell lines in experimental in vitro studies to advance health equity at all levels of scientific research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra R. Harris
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Gatikrushna Panigrahi
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Huaitian Liu
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Vishal N. Koparde
- Center for Cancer Research Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, NCI, Frederick, Maryland
- Advanced Biomedical Computational Sciences, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, Maryland
| | - Maeve Bailey-Whyte
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
- School of Medicine, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Tiffany H. Dorsey
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Clayton C. Yates
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Stefan Ambs
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
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Ahmed MSU, Lord BD, Adu Addai B, Singhal SK, Gardner K, Salam AB, Ghebremedhin A, White J, Mahmud I, Martini R, Bedi D, Lin H, Jones JD, Karanam B, Dean-Colomb W, Grizzle W, Wang H, Davis M, Yates CC. Immune Profile of Exosomes in African American Breast Cancer Patients Is Mediated by Kaiso/THBS1/CD47 Signaling. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15082282. [PMID: 37190208 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15082282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
African American (AA) women with breast cancer are more likely to have higher inflammation and a stronger overall immune response, which correlate with poorer outcomes. In this report, we applied the nanostring immune panel to identify differences in inflammatory and immune gene expression by race. We observed a higher expression of multiple cytokines in AA patients compared to EA patients, with high expression of CD47, TGFB1, and NFKB1 associated with the transcriptional repressor Kaiso. To investigate the mechanism associated with this expression pattern, we observed that Kaiso depletion results in decreased expression of CD47, and its ligand SIRPA. Furthermore, Kaiso appears to directly bind to the methylated sequences of the THBS1 promotor and repress gene expression. Similarly, Kaiso depletion attenuated tumor formation in athymic nude mice, and these Kaiso-depleted xenograft tissues showed significantly higher phagocytosis and increased infiltration of M1 macrophages. In vitro validation using MCF7 and THP1 macrophages treated with Kaiso-depleted exosomes showed a reduced expression of immune-related markers (CD47 and SIRPA) and macrophage polarization towards the M1 phenotype compared to MCF7 cells treated with exosomes isolated from high-Kaiso cells. Lastly, analysis of TCGA breast cancer patient data demonstrates that this gene signature is most prominent in the basal-like subtype, which is more frequently observed in AA breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Shakir Uddin Ahmed
- Department of Biology and Center for Cancer Research, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL 36088, USA
- Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Brittany D Lord
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Benjamin Adu Addai
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL 36088, USA
| | - Sandeep K Singhal
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
| | - Kevin Gardner
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Ahmad Bin Salam
- Department of Biology and Center for Cancer Research, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL 36088, USA
| | - Anghesom Ghebremedhin
- Department of Biology and Center for Cancer Research, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL 36088, USA
| | - Jason White
- Department of Biology and Center for Cancer Research, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL 36088, USA
| | - Iqbal Mahmud
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Rachel Martini
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Deepa Bedi
- Department of Biology and Center for Cancer Research, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL 36088, USA
| | - Huixian Lin
- Department of Biology and Center for Cancer Research, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL 36088, USA
| | - Jacqueline D Jones
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Troy University, Troy, AL 36082, USA
| | | | - Windy Dean-Colomb
- Department of Biology and Center for Cancer Research, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL 36088, USA
- Piedmont Oncology-Newnan, Newnan, GA 30265, USA
| | - William Grizzle
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Honghe Wang
- Department of Biology and Center for Cancer Research, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL 36088, USA
| | - Melissa Davis
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Clayton C Yates
- Department of Biology and Center for Cancer Research, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL 36088, USA
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
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4
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Bocian A, Kędzierawski P, Kopczyński J, Wabik O, Wawruszak A, Kiełbus M, Miziak P, Stepulak A. Kaiso Protein Expression Correlates with Overall Survival in TNBC Patients. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12010370. [PMID: 36615173 PMCID: PMC9821773 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12010370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) are histologically heterogenic invasive carcinomas of no specific type that lack distinctive histological characteristics. The prognosis for women with TNBC is poor. Regardless of the applied treatments, recurrences and deaths are observed 3-5 years after the diagnosis. Thus, new diagnostic markers and targets for personalized treatment are needed. The subject of our study-the Kaiso transcription factor has been found to correlate with the invasion and progression of breast cancer. The publicly available TCGA breast cancer cohort containing Illumina HiSeq RNAseq and clinical data was explored in the study. Additionally, Kaiso protein expression was assessed in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue archive specimens using the tissue microarray technique. In this retrospective study, Kaiso protein expression (nuclear localization) was compared with several clinical factors in the cohort of 103 patients with TNBC with long follow-up time. In univariate and multivariate analysis, high Kaiso protein but not mRNA expression was correlated with better overall survival and disease-free survival, as well as with premenopausal age. The use of radiotherapy was correlated with better disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). However, given the heterogeneity of TNBC and context-dependent molecular diversity of Kaiso signaling in cancer progression, these results must be taken with caution and require further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur Bocian
- Oncological Surgery Clinic, The Holycross Cancer Centre, 25-734 Kielce, Poland
| | - Piotr Kędzierawski
- Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-317 Kielce, Poland
- Radiotherapy Department, The Holycross Cancer Centre, 25-734 Kielce, Poland
| | - Janusz Kopczyński
- Pathology Department, The Holycross Cancer Centre, 25-734 Kielce, Poland
| | - Olga Wabik
- Pathology Department, The Holycross Cancer Centre, 25-734 Kielce, Poland
| | - Anna Wawruszak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-814-486-350
| | - Michał Kiełbus
- Department of Experimental Hematooncology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Paulina Miziak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Andrzej Stepulak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
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5
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Jaragh-Alhadad L, Behbehani H, Karnik S. Cancer targeted drug delivery using active low-density lipoprotein nanoparticles encapsulated pyrimidines heterocyclic anticancer agents as microtubule inhibitors. Drug Deliv 2022; 29:2759-2772. [PMID: 36029014 PMCID: PMC9427048 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2022.2117435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, nanomedicine had the potential to increase the delivery of active compounds to specific cell sites. Nano-LDL particles are recognized as an excellent active nano-platform for cancer-targeted delivery. Loading of therapeutic agents into nano-LDL particles achieved by surface loading, core loading, and apolipoprotein-B100 interaction. Therefore, loading nano-LDL particles’ core with pyrimidine heterocyclic anticancer agents will increase cancer cytotoxic activity targeting tubulin protein. First, by mimicking the native LDL particle's metabolic pathway, and second the agent’s chemical functional groups like the native amino acids cytosine and thymine structures will not be recognized as a foreign entity from the cell’s immune system. Nano-LDL particles will internalize through LDL-receptors endocytosis and transport the anticancer agent into the middle of the cancer cell, reducing its side effects on other healthy cells. Generally, the data revealed that pyrimidine heterocyclic anticancer agents’ size is at the nano level. Agents’ morphological examination showed nanofibers, thin sheets, clusters, and rod-like structures. LDL particles’ size became bigger after loading with pyrimidine heterocyclic anticancer agents and ranged between 121.6 and 1045 nm. Then, particles were tested for their cytotoxicity against breast (MDA468) and prostate (DU145) cancer cell lines as surrogate models with dose-response study 10, 5, 1 µM. The IC50 values of the agents against DU145 and MDA468 possessed cell growth inhibition even at the 1 µM concentration ranges of 3.88 ± 1.05 µM and 3.39 ± 0.97 µM, respectively. In sum, nano-LDL particles proved their efficiency as active drug delivery vehicles to target tubulin in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laila Jaragh-Alhadad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait.,Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences Department, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Haider Behbehani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Sadashiva Karnik
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences Department, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Cleveland Clinic Learner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
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6
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Lessey LR, Robinson SC, Chaudhary R, Daniel JM. Adherens junction proteins on the move—From the membrane to the nucleus in intestinal diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:998373. [PMID: 36274850 PMCID: PMC9581404 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.998373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The function and structure of the mammalian epithelial cell layer is maintained by distinct intercellular adhesion complexes including adherens junctions (AJs), tight junctions, and desmosomes. The AJ is most integral for stabilizing cell-cell adhesion and conserving the structural integrity of epithelial tissues. AJs are comprised of the transmembrane protein E-cadherin and cytoplasmic catenin cofactors (α, β, γ, and p120-catenin). One organ where malfunction of AJ is a major contributor to disease states is the mammalian intestine. In the intestine, cell-cell adhesion complexes work synergistically to maintain structural integrity and homeostasis of the epithelium and prevent its malfunction. Consequently, when AJ integrity is compromised in the intestinal epithelium, the ensuing homeostatic disruption leads to diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal carcinoma. In addition to their function at the plasma membrane, protein components of AJs also have nuclear functions and are thus implicated in regulating gene expression and intracellular signaling. Within the nucleus, AJ proteins have been shown to interact with transcription factors such as TCF/LEF and Kaiso (ZBTB33), which converge on the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. The multifaceted nature of AJ proteins highlights their complexity in modulating homeostasis and emphasizes the importance of their subcellular localization and expression in the mammalian intestine. In this review, we summarize the nuclear roles of AJ proteins in intestinal tissues; their interactions with transcription factors and how this leads to crosstalk with canonical Wnt signaling; and how nuclear AJ proteins are implicated in intestinal homeostasis and disease.
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7
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Fleisher B, Werkman C, Jacobs B, Varkey J, Taha K, Ait-Oudhia S. KIFC1: A Reliable Prognostic Biomarker in Rb-positive Triple-negative Breast Cancer Patients Treated With Doxorubicin in Combination With Abemaciclib. CANCER DIAGNOSIS & PROGNOSIS 2022; 2:525-532. [PMID: 36060015 PMCID: PMC9425577 DOI: 10.21873/cdp.10137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) prevalence and risk of relapse are greatest in African American (AA) patients. Doxorubicin (DOX) and abemaciclib (ABE) synergism in Rb-positive TNBC cells (MDA-MB-231), and antagonism in Rb-negative TNBC cells (MDA-MB-468) have been previously shown. Here, we assessed Kinesin-like protein 1 (KIFC1) as an ethnic-specific prognostic biomarker of the DOX+ABE combination for the Rb-status in TNBC. MATERIALS AND METHODS Literature search for TNBC prognostic biomarkers in the AA population was conducted. MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cells were exposed over 72 h to four treatment arms: 1) control (medium without drug), 2) DOX at 50% inhibitory concentration in MDA-MB-231 (0.565 μM) and MDA-MB-468 (0.121 μM), 3) ABE alone (2 μM), and 4) DOX+ABE combination at their corresponding concentrations in each cell-line. KIFC1 protein expression and temporal changes were quantified in MDA-MB-231 cells using western blot. RESULTS KIFC1, Kaiso, and Annexin A2 are literature-identified AA-specific TNBC prognostic biomarkers. KIFC1 was found to be uncorrelated to other proposed biomarkers, suggesting it may predict risk independently of other TNBC biomarkers. In both cell lines, DOX alone did not significantly change KIFC1 expression relative to control. Conversely, ABE reduced KIFC1 expression in MDA-MB-231 but not in MDA-MB-468 cells. The combination DOX+ABE resulted in a greatest reduction in KIFC1 in MDA-MB-231 cells with a more rapid time-to-full inhibition of KIFC1 compared to ABE alone. CONCLUSION Change in KIFC1 expression is primarily driven by ABE in Rb-positive TNBC cells. DOX increases ABE speed to achieve a full inhibition of KIFC1 in Rb-positive, yet, without influencing its expression in Rb-negative TNBC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett Fleisher
- Center for Pharmacometrics and Systems Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Florida, College of Pharmacy, Orlando, FL, U.S.A
| | - Carolin Werkman
- Center for Pharmacometrics and Systems Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Florida, College of Pharmacy, Orlando, FL, U.S.A
| | - Brehanna Jacobs
- Center for Pharmacometrics and Systems Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Florida, College of Pharmacy, Orlando, FL, U.S.A
| | - Justin Varkey
- Center for Pharmacometrics and Systems Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Florida, College of Pharmacy, Orlando, FL, U.S.A
| | - Kareem Taha
- Center for Pharmacometrics and Systems Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Florida, College of Pharmacy, Orlando, FL, U.S.A
| | - Sihem Ait-Oudhia
- Quantitative Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics (QP2), Merck & Co., Inc, Kenilworth, NJ, U.S.A
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Tian W, Yuan H, Qin S, Liu W, Zhang B, Gu L, Zhou J, Deng D. Kaiso phosphorylation at threonine 606 leads to its accumulation in the cytoplasm, reducing its transcriptional repression of the tumor suppressor
CDH1
. Mol Oncol 2022; 16:3192-3209. [PMID: 35851744 PMCID: PMC9441001 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Tian
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Division of Cancer Etiology Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute China
| | - Hongfan Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Division of Cancer Etiology Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute China
| | - Sisi Qin
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Division of Cancer Etiology Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute China
| | - Wensu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Division of Cancer Etiology Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute China
| | - Baozhen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Division of Cancer Etiology Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute China
| | - Liankun Gu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Division of Cancer Etiology Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Division of Cancer Etiology Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute China
| | - Dajun Deng
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Division of Cancer Etiology Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute China
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Kayalar O, Oztay F, Yildirim M, Ersen E. Dysregulation of E-cadherin in pulmonary cell damage related with COPD contributes to emphysema. Toxicol Ind Health 2022; 38:330-341. [DOI: 10.1177/07482337221095638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Air pollution, especially at chronic exposure to high concentrations, is a respiratory risk factor for the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). E-cadherin, a cell–cell adhesion protein, is involved in the integrity of the alveolar epithelium. Causes of E-cadherin decreases in emphysematous areas with pulmonary cell damage related to COPD are not well understood. We aimed to determine the molecules causing the decrease of E-cadherin and interactions between these molecules. In emphysematous and non-emphysematous areas of lungs from COPD patients (n = 35), levels of E-cadherin, HDACs, Snail, Zeb1, active-β-catenin, p120ctn, and Kaiso were determined by using Western Blot. The interactions of HDAC1, HDAC2, and p120ctn with transcription co-activators and Kaiso were examined by co-immunoprecipitation experiments. The methylation status of the CDH1 promoter was investigated. E-cadherin, Zeb1, Kaiso, and active-β-catenin were decreased in emphysema, while HDAC1, HDAC2, and p120ctn2 were increased. Snail, Zeb1, Twist, active-β-catenin, Kaiso, and p120ctn co-precipitated with HDAC1 and HDAC2. E-cadherin, Kaiso, and active-β-catenin co-precipitated with p120ctn. HDAC1–Snail and HDAC2–Kaiso interactions were increased in emphysema, but p120ctn-E-cadherin interaction was decreased. The results show that HDAC1–Snail and HDAC2–Kaiso interactions are capable of decreasing the E-cadherin in emphysema. The decreased interaction of p120ctn/E-cadherin leads to E-cadherin destruction. The decreased E-cadherin and its induced degradation in pneumocytes cause impaired repair and disintegrity of the epithelium. Approaches to suppress HDAC1–Snail and HDAC2–Kaiso interactions may help the protection of alveolar epithelial integrity by increasing the E-cadherin stability in pneumocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozgecan Kayalar
- Science Faculty, Department of Biology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
- School of Medicine, Koc University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fusun Oztay
- Science Faculty, Department of Biology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Merve Yildirim
- Science Faculty, Department of Biology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ezel Ersen
- Department of Chest Surgery, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
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Abstract
Benzopyrylium salts are an unexplored class of compounds and as a first, this study reports them as potential therapeutic agents. In this effort we pursue the synthesis and in vitro anticancer, antibacterial and antioxidant properties of some novel benzopyrylium salts. The benzopyrylium salts were synthesized and further characterized via UV-vis, IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and mass spectrometry. The benzopyrylium salts were tested in vitro for anticancer activity across NCI 60 cell line panel. PS-CP-4MO showed the best activity against the MDA-MB-435 cell line of melanoma cancer in terms of the least GI50 (1.78 μM), TGI (3.47 μM) and LC50 (6.77 μM) values and showed selectivity against melanoma, colon cancer and leukemia. Mechanistic studies indicate that this compound inhibits MCF-7 cancer cells by inducing apoptosis and abrogates colony formation and wound healing in the cancer cells. Antibacterial studies show that some of the benzopyrylium salts are active on S. aureus (ATCC 29213) and the best active compound PS-CP-5Cl has a MIC of 8 μg/mL. Antioxidant studies indicate that they have good free radical scavenging properties (PS-CP-5Cl showed activity 1.48 times ascorbic acid). Fulfillment of the Lipinski's parameters of the benzopyrylium salts in silico showed tremendous drug likeness as potential pharmacophore leads.
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11
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Kurley SJ, Tischler V, Bierie B, Novitskiy SV, Noske A, Varga Z, Zürrer-Härdi U, Brandt S, Carnahan RH, Cook RS, Muller WJ, Richmond A, Reynolds AB. A requirement for p120-catenin in the metastasis of invasive ductal breast cancer. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:jcs250639. [PMID: 33097605 PMCID: PMC7990862 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.250639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We report here the effects of targeted p120-catenin (encoded by CTNND1; hereafter denoted p120) knockout (KO) in a PyMT mouse model of invasive ductal (mammary) cancer (IDC). Mosaic p120 ablation had little effect on primary tumor growth but caused significant pro-metastatic alterations in the tumor microenvironment, ultimately leading to a marked increase in the number and size of pulmonary metastases. Surprisingly, although early effects of p120-ablation included decreased cell-cell adhesion and increased invasiveness, cells lacking p120 were almost entirely unable to colonized distant metastatic sites in vivo The relevance of this observation to human IDC was established by analysis of a large clinical dataset of 1126 IDCs. As reported by others, p120 downregulation in primary IDC predicted worse overall survival. However, as in the mice, distant metastases were almost invariably p120 positive, even in matched cases where the primary tumors were p120 negative. Collectively, our results demonstrate a strong positive role for p120 (and presumably E-cadherin) during metastatic colonization of distant sites. On the other hand, downregulation of p120 in the primary tumor enhanced metastatic dissemination indirectly via pro-metastatic conditioning of the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Kurley
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Verena Tischler
- Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, 8091, Switzerland
| | - Brian Bierie
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Sergey V Novitskiy
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Aurelia Noske
- Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, 8091, Switzerland
| | - Zsuzsanna Varga
- Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, 8091, Switzerland
| | - Ursina Zürrer-Härdi
- Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, 8091, Switzerland
| | - Simone Brandt
- Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, 8091, Switzerland
| | - Robert H Carnahan
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Goodman Cancer Centre, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Rebecca S Cook
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - William J Muller
- Goodman Cancer Centre, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 1A3, Canada
- Departments of Biochemistry and Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A OG4, Canada
| | - Ann Richmond
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Albert B Reynolds
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
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12
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Singhal SK, Byun JS, Park S, Yan T, Yancey R, Caban A, Hernandez SG, Hewitt SM, Boisvert H, Hennek S, Bobrow M, Ahmed MSU, White J, Yates C, Aukerman A, Vanguri R, Bareja R, Lenci R, Farré PL, De Siervi A, Nápoles AM, Vohra N, Gardner K. Kaiso (ZBTB33) subcellular partitioning functionally links LC3A/B, the tumor microenvironment, and breast cancer survival. Commun Biol 2021; 4:150. [PMID: 33526872 PMCID: PMC7851134 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-01651-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of digital pathology for the histomorphologic profiling of pathological specimens is expanding the precision and specificity of quantitative tissue analysis at an unprecedented scale; thus, enabling the discovery of new and functionally relevant histological features of both predictive and prognostic significance. In this study, we apply quantitative automated image processing and computational methods to profile the subcellular distribution of the multi-functional transcriptional regulator, Kaiso (ZBTB33), in the tumors of a large racially diverse breast cancer cohort from a designated health disparities region in the United States. Multiplex multivariate analysis of the association of Kaiso’s subcellular distribution with other breast cancer biomarkers reveals novel functional and predictive linkages between Kaiso and the autophagy-related proteins, LC3A/B, that are associated with features of the tumor immune microenvironment, survival, and race. These findings identify effective modalities of Kaiso biomarker assessment and uncover unanticipated insights into Kaiso’s role in breast cancer progression. Through automated image analysis, Singhal et al quantify nuclear versus cytoplasmic distribution of the Kaiso transcription factor in breast cancer patient tissue. They find that Kaiso distribution correlates with breast cancer subtype and overall survival, and discover a link between cytoplasmic Kaiso and autophagy marker LC3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep K Singhal
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Computer Science, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - Jung S Byun
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Samson Park
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Tingfen Yan
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.,National Institutes of Genome Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ryan Yancey
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irvine Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ambar Caban
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irvine Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sara Gil Hernandez
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Stephen M Hewitt
- Laboratory of Pathology, Centers for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | - Md Shakir Uddin Ahmed
- Department of Biology and Center for Cancer Research, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, Al, USA
| | - Jason White
- Department of Biology and Center for Cancer Research, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, Al, USA
| | - Clayton Yates
- Department of Biology and Center for Cancer Research, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, Al, USA
| | - Andrew Aukerman
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irvine Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rami Vanguri
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irvine Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rohan Bareja
- Department Computer Science Department, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Romina Lenci
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irvine Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Paula Lucia Farré
- Laboratorio de Oncologıa Molecular y Nuevos Blancos Terapeuticos, Instituto de Biologıa y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Adriana De Siervi
- Laboratorio de Oncologıa Molecular y Nuevos Blancos Terapeuticos, Instituto de Biologıa y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Anna María Nápoles
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nasreen Vohra
- Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Kevin Gardner
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irvine Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
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13
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Zavala VA, Bracci PM, Carethers JM, Carvajal-Carmona L, Coggins NB, Cruz-Correa MR, Davis M, de Smith AJ, Dutil J, Figueiredo JC, Fox R, Graves KD, Gomez SL, Llera A, Neuhausen SL, Newman L, Nguyen T, Palmer JR, Palmer NR, Pérez-Stable EJ, Piawah S, Rodriquez EJ, Sanabria-Salas MC, Schmit SL, Serrano-Gomez SJ, Stern MC, Weitzel J, Yang JJ, Zabaleta J, Ziv E, Fejerman L. Cancer health disparities in racial/ethnic minorities in the United States. Br J Cancer 2021; 124:315-332. [PMID: 32901135 PMCID: PMC7852513 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-01038-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 438] [Impact Index Per Article: 146.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
There are well-established disparities in cancer incidence and outcomes by race/ethnicity that result from the interplay between structural, socioeconomic, socio-environmental, behavioural and biological factors. However, large research studies designed to investigate factors contributing to cancer aetiology and progression have mainly focused on populations of European origin. The limitations in clinicopathological and genetic data, as well as the reduced availability of biospecimens from diverse populations, contribute to the knowledge gap and have the potential to widen cancer health disparities. In this review, we summarise reported disparities and associated factors in the United States of America (USA) for the most common cancers (breast, prostate, lung and colon), and for a subset of other cancers that highlight the complexity of disparities (gastric, liver, pancreas and leukaemia). We focus on populations commonly identified and referred to as racial/ethnic minorities in the USA-African Americans/Blacks, American Indians and Alaska Natives, Asians, Native Hawaiians/other Pacific Islanders and Hispanics/Latinos. We conclude that even though substantial progress has been made in understanding the factors underlying cancer health disparities, marked inequities persist. Additional efforts are needed to include participants from diverse populations in the research of cancer aetiology, biology and treatment. Furthermore, to eliminate cancer health disparities, it will be necessary to facilitate access to, and utilisation of, health services to all individuals, and to address structural inequities, including racism, that disproportionally affect racial/ethnic minorities in the USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina A Zavala
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Paige M Bracci
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - John M Carethers
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Human Genetics, and Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Luis Carvajal-Carmona
- University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
- Genome Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | - Marcia R Cruz-Correa
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Puerto Rico Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Melissa Davis
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, NewYork-Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Adam J de Smith
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Julie Dutil
- Cancer Biology Division, Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, Puerto Rico
| | - Jane C Figueiredo
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Rena Fox
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kristi D Graves
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Scarlett Lin Gomez
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Andrea Llera
- Laboratorio de Terapia Molecular y Celular, IIBBA, Fundación Instituto Leloir, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Susan L Neuhausen
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Lisa Newman
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, NewYork-Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Interdisciplinary Breast Program, New York-Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tung Nguyen
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Julie R Palmer
- Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nynikka R Palmer
- Department of Medicine, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital and Trauma Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Eliseo J Pérez-Stable
- Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Office of the Director, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sorbarikor Piawah
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Erik J Rodriquez
- Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Stephanie L Schmit
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Silvia J Serrano-Gomez
- Grupo de investigación en biología del cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Mariana C Stern
- Departments of Preventive Medicine and Urology, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey Weitzel
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Jun J Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Jovanny Zabaleta
- Department of Pediatrics and Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center LSUHSC, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Elad Ziv
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Laura Fejerman
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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14
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Sari E, Oztay F, Tasci AE. Vitamin D modulates E-cadherin turnover by regulating TGF-β and Wnt signalings during EMT-mediated myofibroblast differentiation in A459 cells. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2020; 202:105723. [PMID: 32603782 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2020.105723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D (VitD) has an anti-fibrotic effect on fibrotic lungs. It reduces epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) on tumors. We aimed to investigate target proteins of VitD for the regression of EMT-mediated myofibroblast differentiation. A group of A549 cells were treated with 5 % cigarette smoke extract (CSE) and 5 %CSE + TGF-β (5 ng/ml) to induce EMT. The others were treated with 50 nM VitD 30 min before %5CSE and TGF-β treatments. All cells were collected at 24, 48 and 72 h following 5 %CSE and TGF-β administrations. The expression of p120ctn and NEDD9 proteins acted on E-cadherin turnover in addition to activations of TGF-β and Wnt pathways were examined in these cells and fibrotic human lungs. CSE and TGF-β induced EMT by reducing E-cadherin, p-VDR, SMAD7 and DKK1, increasing α-SMA, p120ctn, Kaiso, NEDD9 and stimulating TGF-β and Wnt/β-catenin signalings in A549 cells. VitD administration reversed these alterations and regressed EMT. Co-immunoprecipitation analysis revealed p-VDR interaction with β-catenin and Kaiso in fibrotic and non-fibrotic human lungs. VitD pre-treatments reduced TGF-β and Wnt/β-catenin signalings by increasing p-VDR, protected from E-cadherin degradation and led to the regression of EMT in A549 cells treated with CSE and TGF-β. Finally, VitD supplementation combined with anti-fibrotic therapeutics can be suggested for treatment of pulmonary fibrosis, which may be developed by smoking, in cases of VitD deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezgi Sari
- Istanbul University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, 34134, Vezneciler, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Fusun Oztay
- Istanbul University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, 34134, Vezneciler, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Ahmet Erdal Tasci
- Lung Transplantation Center, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kartal Kosuyolu High Speciality Educational and Research Hospital, Kartal, Istanbul, Turkey.
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15
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Hodges AJ, Hudson NO, Buck-Koehntop BA. Cys 2His 2 Zinc Finger Methyl-CpG Binding Proteins: Getting a Handle on Methylated DNA. J Mol Biol 2019:S0022-2836(19)30567-4. [PMID: 31628952 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2019.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
DNA methylation is an essential epigenetic modification involved in the maintenance of genomic stability, preservation of cellular identity, and regulation of the transcriptional landscape needed to maintain cellular function. In an increasing number of disease conditions, DNA methylation patterns are inappropriately distributed in a manner that supports the disease phenotype. Methyl-CpG binding proteins (MBPs) are specialized transcription factors that read and translate methylated DNA signals into recruitment of protein assemblies that can alter local chromatin architecture and transcription. MBPs thus play a key intermediary role in gene regulation for both normal and diseased cells. Here, we highlight established and potential structure-function relationships for the best characterized members of the zinc finger (ZF) family of MBPs in propagating DNA methylation signals into downstream cellular responses. Current and future investigations aimed toward expanding our understanding of ZF MBP cellular roles will provide needed mechanistic insight into normal and disease state functions, as well as afford evaluation for the potential of these proteins as epigenetic-based therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia J Hodges
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Nicholas O Hudson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Bethany A Buck-Koehntop
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.
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16
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Mamun A, Nsiah NY, Srinivasan M, Chaturvedula A, Basha R, Cross D, Jones HP, Nandy K, Vishwanatha JK. Diversity in the Era of Precision Medicine - From Bench to Bedside Implementation. Ethn Dis 2019; 29:517-524. [PMID: 31367173 DOI: 10.18865/ed.29.3.517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence shows how patients' unique genetic makeup can affect disease outcomes and the increasing availability of targeted treatments promises a future in health care, whereby treatments will be tailored to individual needs. This article reports on the topics discussed at the 13th Annual Texas Conference on Health Disparities, organized by the Texas Center for Health Disparities at the University of North Texas Health Science Center; the meeting focused on the theme, "Diversity in the Era of Precision Medicine" and was held during June 2018 in Fort Worth, Texas. The primary focus of this conference, which brought together clinical and basic scientists, was on the inclusion of diversity in precision medicine to bridge the gap in health disparities. Here, we present the highlights of the conference that include the potential application of precision medicine at the population level, the effects of precision medicine and direct-to-consumer testing on health disparities, genetic basis of health disparities, pharmacogenomics, and strategies to enhance participation of under-represented populations in precision medicine. Furthermore, we conclude with recommendations for future implementation, including how to mitigate disparities in genomics services and enhance participation of diverse groups in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Mamun
- School of Public Health, University of North Texas (UNT) System College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX
| | - Nana Y Nsiah
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, UNT Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX
| | | | | | - Riyaz Basha
- Texas College of Osteopathic Medicine, UNT Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX.,Texas Center for Health Disparities, UNT Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX
| | - Deanna Cross
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, UNT Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX
| | - Harlan P Jones
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, UNT Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX.,Texas Center for Health Disparities, UNT Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX
| | - Karabi Nandy
- School of Public Health, University of North Texas (UNT) System College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX.,Texas Center for Health Disparities, UNT Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX
| | - Jamboor K Vishwanatha
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, UNT Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX.,Texas Center for Health Disparities, UNT Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX
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17
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Robinson SC, Chaudhary R, Jiménez-Saiz R, Rayner LGA, Bayer L, Jordana M, Daniel JM. Kaiso-induced intestinal inflammation is preceded by diminished E-cadherin expression and intestinal integrity. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0217220. [PMID: 31199830 PMCID: PMC6568390 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic intestinal inflammation contributes to pathologies such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colon cancer. While the precise etiology remains controversial, IBD is believed to manifest as a result of various factors. We previously reported that intestinal-specific overexpression of the transcription factor Kaiso results in an intestinal inflammatory response; however, the cause of this inflammation is unknown. To elucidate the underlying mechanism(s) of the Kaiso-mediated intestinal inflammatory phenotype, we evaluated two independent transgenic mouse lines that express varying levels of Kaiso (KaisoTg). Histological analyses of KaisoTg mice revealed intestinal damage including thickening of the mucosa, intestinal “lesions” and crypt abscesses, which are reminiscent of IBD pathology. Additionally, higher Kaiso levels induced intestinal neutrophilia as early as 12 weeks, which worsened as the mice aged. Notably, the Kaiso-induced intestinal inflammation correlated with a leaky intestinal barrier and mis-regulation of E-cadherin expression and localization. Interestingly, Kaiso overexpression resulted in reduced proliferation but enhanced migration of intestinal epithelial cells prior to the onset of inflammation. Collectively, these data suggest that Kaiso plays a role in regulating intestinal epithelial cell integrity and function, dysregulation of which contributes to a chronic inflammatory phenotype as mice age.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roopali Chaudhary
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rodrigo Jiménez-Saiz
- Department of Pathology & Molecular Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Centre (MIRC), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Luke Bayer
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Manel Jordana
- Department of Pathology & Molecular Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Centre (MIRC), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Juliet M. Daniel
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
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18
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Cofre J, Saalfeld K, Abdelhay E. Cancer as an Embryological Phenomenon and Its Developmental Pathways: A Hypothesis regarding the Contribution of the Noncanonical Wnt Pathway. ScientificWorldJournal 2019; 2019:4714781. [PMID: 30940992 PMCID: PMC6421044 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4714781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
For gastrulation to occur in human embryos, a mechanism that simultaneously regulates many different processes, such as cell differentiation, proliferation, migration, and invasion, is required to consistently and effectively create a human being during embryonic morphogenesis. The striking similarities in the processes of cancer and gastrulation have prompted speculation regarding the developmental pathways involved in their regulation. One of the fundamental requirements for the developmental pathways in gastrulation and cancer is the ability to respond to environmental stimuli, and it has been proposed that the Kaiso and noncanonical Wnt pathways participate in the mechanisms regulating these developmental pathways. In particular, these pathways might also explain the notable differences in invasive capacity between cancers of endodermal and mesodermal origins and cancers of ectodermal origin. Nevertheless, the available information indicates that cancer is an abnormal state of adult human cells in which developmental pathways are reactivated in inappropriate temporal and spatial contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Cofre
- Laboratório de Embriologia Molecular e Câncer, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Sala 313b, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Kay Saalfeld
- Laboratório de Filogenia Animal, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Eliana Abdelhay
- Divisão de Laboratórios do CEMO, Instituto Nacional do Câncer, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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19
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Pierre CC, Hercules SM, Yates C, Daniel JM. Dancing from bottoms up - Roles of the POZ-ZF transcription factor Kaiso in Cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2018; 1871:64-74. [PMID: 30419310 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The POZ-ZF transcription factor Kaiso was discovered two decades ago as a binding partner for p120ctn. Since its discovery, roles for Kaiso in diverse biological processes (epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, apoptosis, inflammation) and several signalling pathways (Wnt/β-catenin, TGFβ, EGFR, Notch) have emerged. While Kaiso's biological role in normal tissues has yet to be fully elucidated, Kaiso has been increasingly implicated in multiple human cancers including colon, prostate, ovarian, lung, breast and chronic myeloid leukemia. In the majority of human cancers investigated to date, high Kaiso expression correlates with aggressive tumor characteristics including proliferation and metastasis, and/or poor prognosis. More recently, interest in Kaiso stems from its apparent correlation with racial disparities in breast and prostate cancer incidence and survival outcomes in people of African Ancestry. This review discusses Kaiso's role in various cancers, and Kaiso's potential for driving racial disparities in incidence and/or outcomes in people of African ancestry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina C Pierre
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Shawn M Hercules
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Clayton Yates
- Department of Biology, Center for Cancer Research, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL, USA
| | - Juliet M Daniel
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada.
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20
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Hudson NO, Buck-Koehntop BA. Zinc Finger Readers of Methylated DNA. Molecules 2018; 23:E2555. [PMID: 30301273 PMCID: PMC6222495 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23102555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation is a prevalent epigenetic modification involved in regulating a number of essential cellular processes, including genomic accessibility and transcriptional outcomes. As such, aberrant alterations in global DNA methylation patterns have been associated with a growing number of disease conditions. Nevertheless, the full mechanisms by which DNA methylation information is interpreted and translated into genomic responses is not yet fully understood. Methyl-CpG binding proteins (MBPs) function as important mediators of this essential process by selectively reading DNA methylation signals and translating this information into down-stream cellular outcomes. The Cys₂His₂ zinc finger scaffold is one of the most abundant DNA binding motifs found within human transcription factors, yet only a few zinc finger containing proteins capable of conferring selectivity for mCpG over CpG sites have been characterized. This review summarizes our current structural understanding for the mechanisms by which the zinc finger MBPs evaluated to date read this essential epigenetic mark. Further, some of the biological implications for mCpG readout elicited by this family of MBPs are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas O Hudson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112-0850, USA.
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21
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Burton LJ, Hawsawi O, Loyd Q, Henderson V, Howard S, Harlemon M, Ragin C, Roberts R, Bowen N, Gacii A, Odero-Marah V. Association of Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition with prostate and breast health disparities. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0203855. [PMID: 30199553 PMCID: PMC6130866 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
African Americans (AA) have higher death rates due to prostate and breast cancer as compared to Caucasian Americans (CA), and few biomarkers have been associated with this disparity. In our study we investigated whether epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) with a focus on Snail and Cathepsin L (Cat L), could potentially be two markers associated with prostate and breast health disparities. We have previously shown that Snail can increase Cat L protein and activity in prostate and breast cancer. Western blot and real-time PCR analyses showed that mesenchymal protein expression (Snail, vimentin, Cat L) and Cat L activity (shown by zymography) was higher in AA prostate cancer cells as compared to CA normal transformed RWPE-1 prostate epithelial cells, and androgen-dependent cells, and comparable to metastatic CA cell lines. With respect to breast cancer, mesenchymal markers were higher in TNBC compared to non-TNBC cells. The higher mesenchymal marker expression was functionally associated with higher proliferative and migratory rates. Immunohistochemistry showed that both nuclear Snail and Cat L expression was significantly higher in cancer compared to normal for CA and Bahamas prostate patient tissue. Interestingly, AA normal tissue stained higher for nuclear Snail and Cat L that was not significantly different to cancer tissue for both prostate and breast tissue, but was significantly higher than CA normal tissue. AA TNBC tissue also displayed significantly higher nuclear Snail expression compared to CA TNBC, while no significant differences were observed with Luminal A cancer tissue. Therefore, increased EMT in AA compared to CA that may contribute to the more aggressive disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liza J. Burton
- Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Department of Biological Sciences, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Ohuod Hawsawi
- Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Department of Biological Sciences, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Quentin Loyd
- Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Department of Biological Sciences, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Veronica Henderson
- Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Department of Biological Sciences, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Simone Howard
- Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Department of Biological Sciences, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Maxine Harlemon
- Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Department of Biological Sciences, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
- African Caribbean Cancer Consortium, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Camille Ragin
- African Caribbean Cancer Consortium, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple Health, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Robin Roberts
- African Caribbean Cancer Consortium, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
- University of West Indies School of Clinical Medicine and Research, Nassau, The Bahamas
| | - Nathan Bowen
- Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Department of Biological Sciences, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Andrew Gacii
- African Caribbean Cancer Consortium, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
- Department of Lab Medicine, Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Valerie Odero-Marah
- Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Department of Biological Sciences, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
- African Caribbean Cancer Consortium, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
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22
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Abisoye-Ogunniyan A, Lin H, Ghebremedhin A, Salam AB, Karanam B, Theodore S, Jones-Trich J, Davis M, Grizzle W, Wang H, Yates C. Transcriptional repressor Kaiso promotes epithelial to mesenchymal transition and metastasis in prostate cancer through direct regulation of miR-200c. Cancer Lett 2018; 431:1-10. [PMID: 29751044 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.04.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The loss of miR-200 family, through DNA methylation, results in cancer cells undergoing an epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), and metastasis. In this study, we established that the transcriptional repressor Kaiso directly binds methylated regions of the miR-200 family, and this is reversed with 5-aza treatment. sh-Kaiso PC-3 cells display increased miR-200-a/b/c, miR-141, and miR-429 expression, with miR-200c demonstrating the most significant increase. Interestingly, overexpression of EGFR or treatment with EGF decreases miR-200c expression and this is reversed after treatment with EGFR specific kinase inhibitor PD153035. However, EGF did not have a significant effect on miR-200c in sh-Kaiso DU-145 or PC-3 cell lines, suggesting Kaiso silences miR-200c through the activation of EGFR signaling. Overexpression of Kaiso in LNCaP cells results in decreased expression of miR-200-a/b/c, miR-141, and miR-429, along with increased expression of ZEB1, p-EGFR and total EGFR levels. Overexpression of miR200c in PC-3 cells results in decreased expression of EGFR, ZEB1, ERK1/2 and Kaiso. Additionally, sh-Kaiso PC-3 demonstrates reduced in vivo tumor formation and metastasis. Thus, our data suggests that EGFR signaling regulates the silencing of miR-200 family through Kaiso binding to methylated regions in the promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Huxian Lin
- Department of Biology and Center for Cancer Research, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL, 36088, USA
| | - Anghesom Ghebremedhin
- Department of Biology and Center for Cancer Research, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL, 36088, USA
| | - Ahmad Bin Salam
- Department of Biology and Center for Cancer Research, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL, 36088, USA
| | - Balasubramanyam Karanam
- Department of Biology and Center for Cancer Research, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL, 36088, USA
| | - Shaniece Theodore
- Department of Biology and Center for Cancer Research, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL, 36088, USA
| | | | - Melissa Davis
- Department of Surgery, Henry Ford Medical Center, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - William Grizzle
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Honghe Wang
- Department of Biology and Center for Cancer Research, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL, 36088, USA
| | - Clayton Yates
- Department of Biology and Center for Cancer Research, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL, 36088, USA.
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23
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Bassey-Archibong BI, Hercules SM, Rayner LGA, Skeete DHA, Smith Connell SP, Brain I, Daramola A, Banjo AAF, Byun JS, Gardner K, Dushoff J, Daniel JM. Kaiso is highly expressed in TNBC tissues of women of African ancestry compared to Caucasian women. Cancer Causes Control 2017; 28:1295-1304. [PMID: 28887687 PMCID: PMC5681979 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-017-0955-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is most prevalent in young women of African ancestry (WAA) compared to women of other ethnicities. Recent studies found a correlation between high expression of the transcription factor Kaiso, TNBC aggressiveness, and ethnicity. However, little is known about Kaiso expression and localization patterns in TNBC tissues of WAA. Herein, we analyze Kaiso expression patterns in TNBC tissues of African (Nigerian), Caribbean (Barbados), African American (AA), and Caucasian American (CA) women. Methods Formalin-fixed and paraffin embedded (FFPE) TNBC tissue blocks from Nigeria and Barbados were utilized to construct a Nigerian/Barbadian tissue microarray (NB-TMA). This NB-TMA and a commercially available TMA comprising AA and CA TNBC tissues (AA-CA-YTMA) were subjected to immunohistochemistry to assess Kaiso expression and subcellular localization patterns, and correlate Kaiso expression with TNBC clinical features. Results Nigerian and Barbadian women in our study were diagnosed with TNBC at a younger age than AA and CA women. Nuclear and cytoplasmic Kaiso expression was observed in all tissues analyzed. Analysis of Kaiso expression in the NB-TMA and AA-CA-YTMA revealed that nuclear Kaiso H scores were significantly higher in Nigerian, Barbadian, and AA women compared with CA women. However, there was no statistically significant difference in nuclear Kaiso expression between Nigerian versus Barbadian women, or Barbadian versus AA women. Conclusions High levels of nuclear Kaiso expression were detected in patients with a higher degree of African heritage compared to their Caucasian counterparts, suggesting a role for Kaiso in TNBC racial disparity. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s10552-017-0955-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shawn M Hercules
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | | | - Desiree H A Skeete
- Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital (QEH), Bridgetown, Barbados.,Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Cave Hill Campus, Bridgetown, Barbados
| | - Suzanne P Smith Connell
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Cave Hill Campus, Bridgetown, Barbados.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital (QEH), Bridgetown, Barbados
| | - Ian Brain
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Adetola Daramola
- Department of Anatomic and Molecular Pathology, Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH), Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Adekunbiola A F Banjo
- Department of Anatomic and Molecular Pathology, Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH), Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Jung S Byun
- Genetics Branch, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kevin Gardner
- Genetics Branch, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jonathan Dushoff
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Juliet M Daniel
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
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24
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Loss of Kaiso expression in breast cancer cells prevents intra-vascular invasion in the lung and secondary metastasis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0183883. [PMID: 28880889 PMCID: PMC5589175 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The metastatic activity of breast carcinomas results from complex genetic changes in epithelial tumor cells and accounts for 90% of deaths in affected patients. Although the invasion of the local lymphatic vessels and veins by malignant breast tumor cells and their subsequent metastasis to the lung, has been recognized, the mechanisms behind the metastatic activity of breast tumor cells to other distal organs and the pathogenesis of metastatic cancer are not well understood. In this study, we utilized derivatives of the well-established and highly metastatic triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell line MDA-MB-231 (MDA-231) to study breast tumor metastasis in a mouse model. These MDA-231 derivatives had depleted expression of Kaiso, a POZ-ZF transcription factor that is highly expressed in malignant, triple negative breast cancers. We previously reported that Kaiso depletion attenuates the metastasis of xenografted MDA-231 cells. Herein, we describe the pathological features of the metastatic activity of parental (Kaisopositive) versus Kaisodepleted MDA-231 cells. Both Kaisopositive and Kaisodepleted MDA-231 cells metastasized from the original tumor in the mammary fat pad to the lung. However, while Kaisopositive cells formed large masses in the lung parenchyma, invaded large pulmonary blood vessels and formed secondary metastases and large tumors in the distal organs, Kaisodepleted cells metastasized only to the lung where they formed small metastatic lesions. Importantly, intravascular invasion and secondary metastases in distal organs were not observed in mice xenografted with Kaisodepleted cells. It thus appears that the lung may constitute a barrier for less invasive breast tumors such as the Kaisodepleted TNBC cells; this barrier may limit tumor growth and prevents Kaisodepleted TNBC cells from invading the pulmonary blood vessels and forming secondary metastases in distal organs.
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25
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Robinson SC, Donaldson-Kabwe NS, Dvorkin-Gheva A, Longo J, He L, Daniel JM. The POZ-ZF transcription factor Znf131 is implicated as a regulator of Kaiso-mediated biological processes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 493:416-421. [PMID: 28882591 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Znf131 belongs to the family of POZ-ZF transcription factors, but, in contrast to most other characterized POZ-ZF proteins that function as transcriptional repressors, Znf131 acts as a transcriptional activator. Znf131 heterodimerizes with the POZ-ZF protein Kaiso, which itself represses a subset of canonical Wnt target genes, including the cell cycle regulator Cyclin D1. Herein, we report a possible role for Znf131 in Kaiso-mediated processes. Notably, we found that Znf131 associates with several Kaiso target gene promoters, including that of CCND1. ChIP analysis revealed that Znf131 indirectly associates with the CCND1 promoter in HCT116 and MCF7 cells via a region that encompasses the previously characterized +69 Kaiso Binding Site, hinting that the Znf131/Kaiso heterodimer may co-regulate Cyclin D1 expression. We also demonstrate that Kaiso inhibits Znf131 expression, raising the possibility that Kaiso and Znf131 act to fine-tune target gene expression. Together, our findings implicate Znf131 as a co-regulator of Kaiso-mediated biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anna Dvorkin-Gheva
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Biochemistry & Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Joseph Longo
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Lloyd He
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Juliet M Daniel
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
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26
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Feng J. Upregulation of MicroRNA-4262 Targets Kaiso (ZBTB33) to Inhibit the Proliferation and EMT of Cervical Cancer Cells. Oncol Res 2017; 26:1215-1225. [PMID: 28800784 PMCID: PMC7844826 DOI: 10.3727/096504017x15021536183526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
More and more studies have reported that dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) leads to the proliferation and EMT of multiple cancers. Recently, several reports have demonstrated that dysregulation of miR-4262 occurs in numerous cancers. However, its role and precise mechanism in human cervical cancer (CC) have not been well clarified. Hence, this study aimed to explore the biological roles and precise mechanisms of miR-4262 in CC cell lines. The level of miR-4262 was found to be significantly decreased in CC tissues and cell lines. Moreover, decreased expression of miR-4262 was closely related to increased expression of Kaiso (ZBTB33), which belongs to the BTB/POZ family, in CC tissues and cell lines. The proliferation and EMT of CC cells were inhibited by a miR-4262 mimic. However, downregulation of miR-4262 enhanced the proliferation and EMT of CC cells. Next, bioinformatics analysis predicted that miR-4262 might directly target the Kaiso gene. Besides, luciferase reporter assay had confirmed this result. Moreover, introduction of Kaiso in CC cells partially blocked the effects of miR-4262 mimic. In conclusion, miR-4262 suppressed the proliferation and EMT of CC cells by directly downregulating Kaiso.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Feng
- Department of Gynecology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Hebei, P.R. China
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27
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Zhou L, Zhong Y, Yang FH, Li ZB, Zhou J, Liu XH, Li M, Hu F. Kaiso represses the expression of glucocorticoid receptor via a methylation-dependent mechanism and attenuates the anti-apoptotic activity of glucocorticoids in breast cancer cells. BMB Rep 2017; 49:167-72. [PMID: 26424557 PMCID: PMC4915231 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2016.49.3.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Kaiso is a Pox Virus and Zinc Finger (POZ-ZF) transcription factor with bi-modal DNA-binding specificity. Here, we demonstrated that Kaiso expression is inversely correlated with glucocorticoid receptor (GR) expression in breast carcinomas. Knockdown of Kaiso increased GR expression, while overexpression of Kaiso inhibited GR expression in breast cancer cells. Furthermore, Kaiso repressed GR proximal promoter-reporter activity in a dose-dependent manner. Remarkably, ChIP experiments demonstrated that endogenous Kaiso was associated with the GR promoter sequence in a methylation-dependent manner. Since glucocorticoids inhibit chemotherapyinduced apoptosis and have been widely used as a co-treatment of patients with breast cancer, we assessed the role of Kasio in GR-mediated anti-apoptotic effects. We found that overexpression of Kaiso attenuated the anti-apoptotic effects of glucocorticoids in breast cancer cells. Our findings suggest that GR is a putative target gene of Kaiso and suggest Kaiso to be a potential therapeutic target in GC-combination chemotherapy in breast cancer. [BMB Reports 2016; 49(3): 167-172]
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhou
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Medicine Laboratory; Department of Anatomy Histology and Embryology, Institute of Neuroscience, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan 410219, China
| | - Yan Zhong
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Fang-Hui Yang
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Medicine Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan 410219, China
| | - Zi-Bo Li
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Medicine Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan 410219, China
| | - Jiang Zhou
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Medicine Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan 410219, China
| | - Xie-Hong Liu
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Medicine Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan 410219, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Medicine Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan 410219, China
| | - Fang Hu
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
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28
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Mossman BT. Cell Signaling and Epigenetic Mechanisms in Mesothelioma. ASBESTOS AND MESOTHELIOMA 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-53560-9_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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29
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Kaiso, a transcriptional repressor, promotes cell migration and invasion of prostate cancer cells through regulation of miR-31 expression. Oncotarget 2016; 7:5677-89. [PMID: 26734997 PMCID: PMC4868713 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Kaiso, a member of the BTB/POZ zinc finger protein family, functions as a transcriptional repressor by binding to sequence-specific Kaiso binding sites or to methyl-CpG dinucleotides. Previously, we demonstrated that Kaiso overexpression and nuclear localization correlated with the progression of prostate cancer (PCa). Therefore, our objective was to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying Kaiso-mediated PCa progression. Comparative analysis of miRNA arrays revealed that 13 miRNAs were significantly altered (> 1.5 fold, p < 0.05) in sh-Kaiso PC-3 compared to sh-Scr control cells. Real-time PCR validated that three miRNAs (9, 31, 636) were increased in sh-Kaiso cells similar to cells treated with 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine. miR-31 expression negatively correlated with Kaiso expression and with methylation of the miR-31 promoter in a panel of PCa cell lines. ChIP assays revealed that Kaiso binds directly to the miR-31 promoter in a methylation-dependent manner. Over-expression of miR-31 decreased cell proliferation, migration and invasiveness of PC-3 cells, whereas cells transfected with anti-miR-31 restored proliferation, migration and invasiveness of sh-Kaiso PC-3 cells. In PCa patients, Kaiso high/miR-31 low expression correlated with worse overall survival relative to each marker individually. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that Kaiso promotes cell migration and invasiveness through regulation of miR-31 expression.
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30
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Sun L, Fang J. Epigenetic regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 73:4493-4515. [PMID: 27392607 PMCID: PMC5459373 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2303-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Revised: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an essential process for morphogenesis and organ development which reversibly enables polarized epithelial cells to lose their epithelial characteristics and to acquire mesenchymal properties. It is now evident that the aberrant activation of EMT is also a critical mechanism to endow epithelial cancer cells with migratory and invasive capabilities associated with metastatic competence. This dedifferentiation program is mediated by a small cohort of pleiotropic transcription factors which orchestrate a complex array of epigenetic mechanisms for the wide-spread changes in gene expression. Here, we review major epigenetic mechanisms with an emphasis on histone modifications and discuss their implications in EMT and tumor progression. We also highlight mechanisms underlying transcription regulation concerted by various chromatin-modifying proteins and EMT-inducing transcription factors at different molecular layers. Owing to the reversible nature of epigenetic modifications, a thorough understanding of their functions in EMT will not only provide new insights into our knowledge of cancer progression and metastasis, but also facilitate the development of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for human malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidong Sun
- Department of Tumor Biology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Jia Fang
- Department of Tumor Biology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA.
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31
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Pozner A, Terooatea TW, Buck-Koehntop BA. Cell-specific Kaiso (ZBTB33) Regulation of Cell Cycle through Cyclin D1 and Cyclin E1. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:24538-24550. [PMID: 27694442 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.746370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Revised: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The correlation between aberrant DNA methylation with cancer promotion and progression has prompted an interest in discerning the associated regulatory mechanisms. Kaiso (ZBTB33) is a specialized transcription factor that selectively recognizes methylated CpG-containing sites as well as a sequence-specific DNA target. Increasing reports link ZBTB33 overexpression and transcriptional activities with metastatic potential and poor prognosis in cancer, although there is little mechanistic insight into how cells harness ZBTB33 transcriptional capabilities to promote and progress disease. Here we report mechanistic details for how ZBTB33 mediates cell-specific cell cycle regulation. By utilizing ZBTB33 depletion and overexpression studies, it was determined that in HeLa cells ZBTB33 directly occupies the promoters of cyclin D1 and cyclin E1, inducing proliferation by promoting retinoblastoma phosphorylation and allowing for E2F transcriptional activity that accelerates G1- to S-phase transition. Conversely, in HEK293 cells ZBTB33 indirectly regulates cyclin E abundance resulting in reduced retinoblastoma phosphorylation, decreased E2F activity, and decelerated G1 transition. Thus, we identified a novel mechanism by which ZBTB33 mediates the cyclin D1/cyclin E1/RB1/E2F pathway, controlling passage through the G1 restriction point and accelerating cancer cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Pozner
- From the Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112
| | - Tommy W Terooatea
- From the Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112
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32
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Jones J, Mukherjee A, Karanam B, Davis M, Jaynes J, Reams RR, Dean-Colomb W, Yates C. African Americans with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma exhibit gender differences in Kaiso expression. Cancer Lett 2016; 380:513-522. [PMID: 27424525 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Kaiso, a bi-modal transcription factor, regulates gene expression, and is elevated in breast, prostate, and colon cancers. Depletion of Kaiso in other cancer types leads to a reduction in markers for the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) (Jones et al., 2014), however its clinical implications in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDCA) have not been widely explored. PDCA is rarely detected at an early stage but is characterized by rapid progression and invasiveness. We now report the significance of the subcellular localization of Kaiso in PDCAs from African Americans. Kaiso expression is higher in the cytoplasm of invasive and metastatic pancreatic cancers. In males, cytoplasmic expression of Kaiso correlates with cancer grade and lymph node positivity. In male and female patients, cytoplasmic Kaiso expression correlates with invasiveness. Also, nuclear expression of Kaiso increases with increased invasiveness and lymph node positivity. Further, analysis of the largest PDCA dataset available on ONCOMINE shows that as Kaiso increases, there is an overall increase in Zeb1, which is the inverse for E-cadherin. Hence, these findings suggest a role for Kaiso in the progression of PDCAs, involving the EMT markers, E-cadherin and Zeb1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Jones
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Troy University, Troy, AL 36082, USA
| | - Angana Mukherjee
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Troy University, Troy, AL 36082, USA
| | - Balasubramanyam Karanam
- Department of Biology and Center for Cancer Research, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL 36088, USA
| | - Melissa Davis
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Jesse Jaynes
- Department of Biology and Center for Cancer Research, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL 36088, USA
| | - R Renee Reams
- College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA
| | | | - Clayton Yates
- Department of Biology and Center for Cancer Research, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL 36088, USA.
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33
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Bassey-Archibong BI, Kwiecien JM, Milosavljevic SB, Hallett RM, Rayner LGA, Erb MJ, Crawford-Brown CJ, Stephenson KB, Bédard PA, Hassell JA, Daniel JM. Kaiso depletion attenuates transforming growth factor-β signaling and metastatic activity of triple-negative breast cancer cells. Oncogenesis 2016; 5:e208. [PMID: 26999717 PMCID: PMC4815049 DOI: 10.1038/oncsis.2016.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) represent a subset of breast tumors that are highly aggressive and metastatic, and are responsible for a disproportionate number of breast cancer-related deaths. Several studies have postulated a role for the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) program in the increased aggressiveness and metastatic propensity of TNBCs. Although EMT is essential for early vertebrate development and wound healing, it is frequently co-opted by cancer cells during tumorigenesis. One prominent signaling pathway involved in EMT is the transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) pathway. In this study, we report that the novel POZ-ZF transcription factor Kaiso is highly expressed in TNBCs and correlates with a shorter metastasis-free survival. Notably, Kaiso expression is induced by the TGFβ pathway and silencing Kaiso expression in the highly invasive breast cancer cell lines, MDA-MB-231 (hereafter MDA-231) and Hs578T, attenuated the expression of several EMT-associated proteins (Vimentin, Slug and ZEB1), abrogated TGFβ signaling and TGFβ-dependent EMT. Moreover, Kaiso depletion attenuated the metastasis of TNBC cells (MDA-231 and Hs578T) in a mouse model. Although high Kaiso and high TGFβR1 expression is associated with poor overall survival in breast cancer patients, overexpression of a kinase-active TGFβR1 in the Kaiso-depleted cells was insufficient to restore the metastatic potential of these cells, suggesting that Kaiso is a key downstream component of TGFβ-mediated pro-metastatic responses. Collectively, these findings suggest a critical role for Kaiso in TGFβ signaling and the metastasis of TNBCs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - J M Kwiecien
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Neurosurgery and Paediatric Neurosurgery, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - S B Milosavljevic
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - R M Hallett
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - L G A Rayner
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - M J Erb
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - K B Stephenson
- Centre for Innovative Cancer Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - P-A Bédard
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - J A Hassell
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - J M Daniel
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Arora R, Schmitt D, Karanam B, Tan M, Yates C, Dean-Colomb W. Inhibition of the Warburg effect with a natural compound reveals a novel measurement for determining the metastatic potential of breast cancers. Oncotarget 2015; 6:662-78. [PMID: 25575825 PMCID: PMC4359247 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 11/02/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolism is an important differentiating feature of cancer cells. Lactate dehydrogenases (LDH) A/B are metabolically important proteins and are involved in the critical step of inter-conversion of lactate to pyruvate. Panepoxydone (PP), a natural NF-kB inhibitor, significantly reduces the oxygen consumption and lactate production of MCF-7 and triple negative (MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468 and MDA-MB-453) breast cancer cells. We further observed that PP inhibited mitochondrial membrane potential and the ATP synthesis using flow cytometry. PP also up-regulated LDH-B and down-regulated LDH-A expression levels in all breast cancer cells to similar levels observed in HMEC cells. Over-expression of LDH-B in cancer cell lines leads to enhanced apoptosis, mitochondrial damage, and reduced cell migration. Analyzing the patient data set GDS4069 available on the GEO website, we observed 100% of non TNBC and 60% of TNBC patients had less LDH-B expression than LDH-A expression levels. Herein we report a new term called Glycolytic index, a novel method to calculate utilization of oxidative phosphorylation in breast cancer cells through measuring the ratio of the LDH-B to LDH-A. Furthermore, inhibitors of NF-kB could serve as a therapeutic agent for targeting metabolism and for the treatment of triple negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritu Arora
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Alabama Mitchell Cancer Institute, Mobile, AL 36604, USA
| | - David Schmitt
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Alabama Mitchell Cancer Institute, Mobile, AL 36604, USA
| | - Balasubramanyam Karanam
- Department of Biology and Center for Cancer Research, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL 36088, USA
| | - Ming Tan
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Alabama Mitchell Cancer Institute, Mobile, AL 36604, USA
| | - Clayton Yates
- Department of Biology and Center for Cancer Research, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL 36088, USA
| | - Windy Dean-Colomb
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Alabama Mitchell Cancer Institute, Mobile, AL 36604, USA.Department of Oncologic Research, University Hospital and Clinics, Lafayette General Health, Lafayette, LA 70503, USA.,Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Alabama Mitchell Cancer Institute, Mobile, AL 36604, USA.Department of Oncologic Research, University Hospital and Clinics, Lafayette General Health, Lafayette, LA 70503, USA
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Pierre CC, Longo J, Mavor M, Milosavljevic SB, Chaudhary R, Gilbreath E, Yates C, Daniel JM. Kaiso overexpression promotes intestinal inflammation and potentiates intestinal tumorigenesis in Apc(Min/+) mice. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2015; 1852:1846-55. [PMID: 26073433 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2015.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2015] [Revised: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Constitutive Wnt/β-catenin signaling is a key contributor to colorectal cancer (CRC). Although inactivation of the tumor suppressor adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) is recognized as an early event in CRC development, it is the accumulation of multiple subsequent oncogenic insults facilitates malignant transformation. One potential contributor to colorectal carcinogenesis is the POZ-ZF transcription factor Kaiso, whose depletion extends lifespan and delays polyp onset in the widely used Apc(Min/+) mouse model of intestinal cancer. These findings suggested that Kaiso potentiates intestinal tumorigenesis, but this was paradoxical as Kaiso was previously implicated as a negative regulator of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. To resolve Kaiso's role in intestinal tumorigenesis and canonical Wnt signaling, we generated a transgenic mouse model (Kaiso(Tg/+)) expressing an intestinal-specific myc-tagged Kaiso transgene. We then mated Kaiso(Tg/+) and Apc(Min/+) mice to generate Kaiso(Tg/+):Apc(Min/+) mice for further characterization. Kaiso(Tg/+):Apc(Min/+) mice exhibited reduced lifespan and increased polyp multiplicity compared to Apc(Min/+) mice. Consistent with this murine phenotype, we found increased Kaiso expression in human CRC tissue, supporting a role for Kaiso in human CRC. Interestingly, Wnt target gene expression was increased in Kaiso(Tg/+):Apc(Min/+) mice, suggesting that Kaiso's function as a negative regulator of canonical Wnt signaling, as seen in Xenopus, is not maintained in this context. Notably, Kaiso(Tg/+):Apc(Min/+) mice exhibited increased inflammation and activation of NFκB signaling compared to their Apc(Min/+) counterparts. This phenotype was consistent with our previous report that Kaiso(Tg/+) mice exhibit chronic intestinal inflammation. Together our findings highlight a role for Kaiso in promoting Wnt signaling, inflammation and tumorigenesis in the mammalian intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina C Pierre
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Joseph Longo
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Meaghan Mavor
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | | | - Roopali Chaudhary
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Ebony Gilbreath
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nursing and Allied Health, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL, USA
| | - Clayton Yates
- Department of Biology, Center for Cancer Research, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL, USA
| | - Juliet M Daniel
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
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36
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Liyanage VRB, Jarmasz JS, Murugeshan N, Del Bigio MR, Rastegar M, Davie JR. DNA modifications: function and applications in normal and disease States. BIOLOGY 2014; 3:670-723. [PMID: 25340699 PMCID: PMC4280507 DOI: 10.3390/biology3040670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Revised: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetics refers to a variety of processes that have heritable effects on gene expression programs without changes in DNA sequence. Key players in epigenetic control are chemical modifications to DNA, histone, and non-histone chromosomal proteins, which establish a complex regulatory network that controls genome function. Methylation of DNA at the fifth position of cytosine in CpG dinucleotides (5-methylcytosine, 5mC), which is carried out by DNA methyltransferases, is commonly associated with gene silencing. However, high resolution mapping of DNA methylation has revealed that 5mC is enriched in exonic nucleosomes and at intron-exon junctions, suggesting a role of DNA methylation in the relationship between elongation and RNA splicing. Recent studies have increased our knowledge of another modification of DNA, 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), which is a product of the ten-eleven translocation (TET) proteins converting 5mC to 5hmC. In this review, we will highlight current studies on the role of 5mC and 5hmC in regulating gene expression (using some aspects of brain development as examples). Further the roles of these modifications in detection of pathological states (type 2 diabetes, Rett syndrome, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders and teratogen exposure) will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vichithra R B Liyanage
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Manitoba Institute of Cell Biology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada.
| | - Jessica S Jarmasz
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada.
| | - Nanditha Murugeshan
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Manitoba Institute of Cell Biology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada.
| | - Marc R Del Bigio
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada.
| | - Mojgan Rastegar
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Manitoba Institute of Cell Biology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada.
| | - James R Davie
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Manitoba Institute of Cell Biology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada.
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