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Xiang JY, Chi YY, Han JX, Shi X, Cai Y, Xiang H, Xie Q. Intestinal Microbiota Contributes to the Improvement of Alcoholic Hepatitis in Mice Treated With Schisandra chinensis Extract. Front Nutr 2022; 9:822429. [PMID: 35252302 PMCID: PMC8894320 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.822429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic hepatitis (AH) has a high short-term mortality rate. Schisandra chinensis has the potential to ameliorate liver damage and be a source of prebiotics. We aimed to investigate whether Schisandra chinensis extract (SCE) can improve AH and the role of the small intestinal and cecal microbiota and their metabolites. UHPLC-QE-MS was used to analyze the chemical components of SCE. The chronic-plus-binge ethanol feeding model was used to induce AH in mice. 1H NMR was used to analyze intestinal metabolites. 16S rRNA-based high throughput sequencing was used to evaluate the effects of SCE on intestinal microbiota (IM). Intestinal microbiota transplantation was used to explore the role of IM in SCE treatment of AH. SCE ameliorated AH non-dose-dependently. SCE effectively improved liver inflammation and oxidative/nitrosative stress, strengthened intestinal barrier function, and regulated the composition of IM and the content of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in AH mice. Samples from in vivo and in vitro SCE-altered IM improved liver status and regulated the IM. The administration of Lactobacillus plantarum and Bifidobacterium breve ameliorated AH to some extent. The administration of Enterococcus faecalis and Klebsiella oxytoca had partial beneficial effects on AH. Collectively, IM and metabolites were closely associated with the improvement of SCE on AH. The possible microbe targets were the growth inhibition of Escherichia-Shigella and the expansion of SCFA producers, such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. Schisandra chinensis can be considered as a safe and effective dietary supplement for the prevention and improvement of AH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Yan Xiang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yan-Yu Chi
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jin-Xin Han
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xinyu Shi
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yong Cai
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Resources and Applied Microbiology Laboratory, Institute of Changbai Mountain Resource and Health, Jilin University, Fusong, China
- *Correspondence: Yong Cai
| | - Hongyu Xiang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Resources and Applied Microbiology Laboratory, Institute of Changbai Mountain Resource and Health, Jilin University, Fusong, China
- Hongyu Xiang
| | - Qiuhong Xie
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Resources and Applied Microbiology Laboratory, Institute of Changbai Mountain Resource and Health, Jilin University, Fusong, China
- Qiuhong Xie
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Yang JL, Yang MD, Chen JC, Lu KW, Huang YP, Peng SF, Chueh FS, Liu KC, Lin TS, Chen PY, Chen WJ. Ouabain Induces DNA Damage in Human Osteosarcoma U-2 OS Cells and Alters the Expression of DNA Damage and DNA Repair-associated Proteins. In Vivo 2021; 35:2687-2696. [PMID: 34410957 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.12552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Ouabain, isolated from natural plants, exhibits anticancer activities; however, no report has presented its mechanism of DNA damage induction in human osteosarcoma cancer cells in vitro. The aim of this study was to investigate whether ouabain induces DNA damage and repair, accompanied with molecular pathways in human osteosarcoma cancer U-2 OS cells in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS The percentage of viable cell number was measured by flow cytometric assay; DNA damage was assayed by DAPI staining, comet assay, and agarose gel electrophoresis. DNA damage and repair associated protein expressions were assayed by western blotting assays. RESULTS Ouabain reduced total cell viability, induced chromatin condensation, DNA fragmentation, and DNA damage in U-2 OS cells. Ouabain increased p-ATMSer1981, p-ATRSer428, and p53 at 2.5-10 μM, increased p-p53Ser15 at 10 μM; however, it decreased p-MDM2Ser166 at 2.5-10 μM. Ouabain increased p-H2A.XSer139, MDC-1, and PARP at 2.5-10 μM and BRCA1 at 5-10 μM; however, it decreased DNA-PK and MGMT at 2.5-10 μM in U-2 OS cells at 48 h treatment. Ouabain promoted expression and nuclear translocation of p-H2A.XSer139 in U-2 OS cells and this was confirmed by confocal laser microscopy. CONCLUSION Ouabain reduced total viable cell number through triggering DNA damage and altering the protein expression of DNA damage and repair system in U-2 OS cells in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiun-Long Yang
- Department of Nursing, Saint Mary's Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Yilan, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Mei-Due Yang
- Department of Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jaw-Chyun Chen
- Department of Medicinal Botany and Health Applications, Da-Yeh University, Changhua, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Kung-Wen Lu
- College of Chinese Medicine, School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yi-Ping Huang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Shu-Fen Peng
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Fu-Shin Chueh
- Department of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Kuo-Ching Liu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Tzu-Shun Lin
- Department of Nursing, Saint Mary's Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Yilan, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Pharmacy, Saint Mary's Hospital Luodong, Yilan, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Po-Yuan Chen
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.;
| | - Wei-Jen Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Chang Bing Show-Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan, R.O.C.; .,Department of Orthopedics, Show-Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Ji X, Qiao Y, Zheng W, Jiang H, Yao W. Deoxynivalenol interferes with intestinal motility via injuring the contractility of enteric smooth muscle cells: A novel hazard to the gastrointestinal tract by environmental toxins. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 224:112656. [PMID: 34411815 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a prevalent Fusarium mycotoxin, occurs predominantly in the global environment, especially in cereals, animal feed and food commodities. The widespread contamination causes a serious risk to human and animal health. DON usually impairs weight gain, which is presumably from its capacity to reduce feed intake by interfering with intestinal motility. To clarify the role of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) contractility in intestinal motility and growth inhibition caused by DON, twelve weaned piglets were firstly divided into two groups to feed control or Fusarium mycotoxin-contaminated (MC) diet. Results showed that the final body weight, average daily gain and average daily feed intake were significantly reduced in piglets fed the MC diet. Exposure to the MC diet also significantly decreased the thickness of smooth muscle layer and SMCs contractile markers expression (myosin heavy chain 11, smooth muscle actin gamma 2, transgelin, calponin 1) in jejunum and ileum of piglets. Furthermore, oral DON supplementation (3 mg/kg body weight) to mice in six consecutive days could significantly inhibit the upper intestinal transit, impede normal defecation and downregulate SMCs contractile markers expression in small intestine. Finally, we generated a porcine enteric smooth muscle cell line (PISMC), and found that DON could depress its contractility by decreasing PISMC proliferation, migration and contractile markers expression. In conclusion, these findings in vivo and in vitro suggest that DON, as a common environmental toxin, can not only reduce proliferative and motile phenotype, but also decrease contractile apparatus components (contractile markers expression) in SMCs, which in turn influences SMCs contractility and then interferes with intestinal motility and growth performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Ji
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, PR China
| | - Yu Qiao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Weijiang Zheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Honglin Jiang
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Wen Yao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; Key Lab of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
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Parreira GM, Faria JA, Marques SMS, Garcia IJP, Silva IF, De Carvalho LED, Villar JAFP, Machado MV, de Castro Lima M, Barbosa LA, Cortes VF, de Lima Santos H. The γ-Benzylidene Digoxin Derivative BD-15 Increases the α3-Na, K-ATPase Activity in Rat Hippocampus and Prefrontal Cortex and no Change on Heart. J Membr Biol 2021; 254:189-199. [PMID: 33598793 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-021-00173-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Our study aimed to investigate the effects of the new cardiotonic steroid BD-15 (γ-benzylidene derivatives) in the behavioral parameters, oxidative stress and the Na, K-ATPase activity in the hippocampus, prefrontal cortex and heart from rats to verify the safety and possible utilization in brain disorders. For this study, groups of male Wistar rats were used after intraperitoneal injection of 20, 100 and 200 µg/Kg with BD-15. The groups were treated for three consecutive days and the control group received 0.9% saline. BD-15 did not alter behavior of rats treated with different doses. An increase in the specific α2,3-Na, K-ATPase activity was observed for all doses of BD-15 tested in the hippocampus. However, in the prefrontal cortex, only the dose of 100 µg/Kg increased the activity of all Na, K-ATPase isoforms. BD-15 did not cause alteration in the lipid peroxidation levels in the hippocampus, but in the prefrontal cortex, a decrease of lipid peroxidation (~ 25%) was observed. In the hippocampus, GSH levels increased with all doses tested, while in the prefrontal cortex no changes were found. Subsequently, when the effect of BD-15 on cardiac tissue was analyzed, no changes were observed in the tested parameters. BD-15 at a dosage of 100 µg/Kg proved to be promising because it is considered therapeutic for brain disorders, since it increases the activity of the α3-Na, K-ATPase in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex, as well as decreasing the oxidative stress in these brain regions. In addition, this drug did not cause changes in the tissues of the heart and kidneys, preferentially demonstrating specificity for the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Machado Parreira
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, Campus Centro-Oeste Dona Lindu, Av Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho, 400, Divinopolis, MG, Zip Code: 35501-296, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Alves Faria
- Laboratório de Anatomia Humana, Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, Campus Centro-Oeste Dona Lindu, Divinopolis, MG, Brazil
| | - Sarah Melo Silva Marques
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, Campus Centro-Oeste Dona Lindu, Av Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho, 400, Divinopolis, MG, Zip Code: 35501-296, Brazil
| | - Israel José Pereira Garcia
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, Campus Centro-Oeste Dona Lindu, Av Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho, 400, Divinopolis, MG, Zip Code: 35501-296, Brazil
| | - Isabella Ferreira Silva
- Laboratório de Processamento de Tecidos, Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, Campus Centro-Oeste Dona Lindu, Divinopolis, MG, Brazil
| | - Luciana Estefani Drumond De Carvalho
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, Campus Centro-Oeste Dona Lindu, Av Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho, 400, Divinopolis, MG, Zip Code: 35501-296, Brazil
| | - José Augusto Ferreira Perez Villar
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica e Nanoestruturas, Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, Campus Centro-Oeste Dona Lindu, Divinopolis, MG, Brazil
| | - Matthews Vieira Machado
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica e Nanoestruturas, Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, Campus Centro-Oeste Dona Lindu, Divinopolis, MG, Brazil
| | - Maira de Castro Lima
- Laboratório de Anatomia Humana, Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, Campus Centro-Oeste Dona Lindu, Divinopolis, MG, Brazil
| | - Leandro Augusto Barbosa
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, Campus Centro-Oeste Dona Lindu, Av Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho, 400, Divinopolis, MG, Zip Code: 35501-296, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Faria Cortes
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, Campus Centro-Oeste Dona Lindu, Av Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho, 400, Divinopolis, MG, Zip Code: 35501-296, Brazil
| | - Hérica de Lima Santos
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, Campus Centro-Oeste Dona Lindu, Av Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho, 400, Divinopolis, MG, Zip Code: 35501-296, Brazil.
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Chang YM, Shih YL, Chen CP, Liu KL, Lee MH, Lee MZ, Hou HT, Huang HC, Lu HF, Peng SF, Chen KW, Yeh MY, Chung JG. Ouabain induces apoptotic cell death in human prostate DU 145 cancer cells through DNA damage and TRAIL pathways. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2019; 34:1329-1339. [PMID: 31436044 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Ouabain, a cardiotonic steroid and specific Na+ /K+ -ATPase inhibitor, has a potential to induce cancer cell apoptosis but the mechanisms of apoptosis induced by ouabain are not fully understand. The aim of this study was to investigate the cytotoxic effects of ouabain on human prostate cancer DU 145 cells in vitro. Cell morphological changes were examined by phase contrast microscopy. Cell viability, cell cycle distribution, cell apoptosis, DNA damage, the production of ROS and Ca2+ , and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm ) were measured by flow cytometry assay. Results indicated that ouabain induced cell morphological changes, decreased total cell viability, induced G0/G1 phase arrest, DNA damage, and cell apoptosis, increased ROS and Ca2+ production, but decreased the levels of ΔΨm in DU 145 cells. Ouabain also increased the activities of caspase-3, -8, and -9. Western blotting was used for measuring the alterations of apoptosis-associated protein expressions in DU 145 cells and results indicated that ouabain increased the expression of DNA damage associated proteins (pATMSer1981 , p-H2A.XSer139 , and p-p53Ser15 ) and ER-stress-associated proteins (Grp78, ATF6β, p-PERKThr981 , PERK, eIF2A, GADD153, CaMKIIβ, and caspase-4) in time-dependently. Furthermore, ouabain increased apoptosis-associated proteins (DR4, DR5, Fas, Fas Ligand, and FADD), TRAIL pathway, which related to extrinsic pathway, promoted the pro-apoptotic protein Bax, increased apoptotic-associated proteins, such as cytochrome c, AIF, Endo G, caspase-3, -8, and -9, but reduced anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and Bcl-x in DU 145 cells. In conclusion, we may suggest that ouabain decreased cell viability and induced apoptotic cell death may via caspase-dependent and mitochondria-dependent pathways in human prostate cancer DU 145 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ming Chang
- Department of Pathology, Tri-service General Hospital and Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Luen Shih
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Ping Chen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ko-Lin Liu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Hui Lee
- Department of Genetic Counseling Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Zhe Lee
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Cheng-Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Tu Hou
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Cheng-Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsieh-Chou Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Cheng-Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsu-Feng Lu
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Cheng-Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Restaurant, Hotel and Institutional Management, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Fen Peng
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Wei Chen
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Cheng-Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yang Yeh
- Department of Education and Research, Cheng-Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Gung Chung
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Shih YL, Shang HS, Chen YL, Hsueh SC, Chou HM, Lu HF, Lee MZ, Hou HT, Chuang YY, Lee MH, Chen KW, Chung JG. Ouabain promotes immune responses in WEHI-3 cells to generate leukemia mice through enhancing phagocytosis and natural killer cell activities in vivo. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2019; 34:659-665. [PMID: 30761740 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ouabain, a cardiotonic steroid, was used for the treatment of heart failure and atrial fibrillation and induces cancer cell apoptosis in many human cancer cells including human leukemia cells. However, there are no reports to show the effects on immune responses in a leukemia mouse model. In this study, WEHI-3 cell generated leukemia mice were developed and treated by oral ouabain at 0, 0.75, 1.5, and 3 mg/kg for 15 days. Results indicated that ouabain did not affect body appearance, but decreased liver and spleen weights, B- and T-cell proliferation at all three doses treatment and increased CD19 cells at 3.0 mg/kg treatment, decreased CD3, CD11b, and Mac-3 cells levels compared with positive control. Furthermore, ouabain increased the macrophage phagocytosis from peripheral blood mononuclear cell and peritoneal cavity at all three doses treatment and increased NK cell activities. Ouabain restored GOT, GPT and LDH levels in WEHI-3 leukemia mice in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Luen Shih
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Sheng Shang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Liang Chen
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Yuanpei University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ching Hsueh
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Medicine, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Min Chou
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsu-Feng Lu
- Department of Restaurant, Hotel and Institutional Management, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Zhe Lee
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Tu Hou
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Ying Chuang
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Hui Lee
- Department of Genetic Counseling Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Wei Chen
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Gung Chung
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Marega P, Liberti EA, Freitas JJS, Kietzer KS. Walker-256 tumor alters morphology of intestinal myenteric plexus in rats. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2018; 30. [PMID: 29542845 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.13322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal (GI) dysmotility is common in patients with cancer. There are a few studies about the myenteric plexus in the presence of anatomically remote tumors. METHODS Forty-eight male Wistar rats were divided into a control (CT) or Walker-256 (TW) group. Tumor cells were subcutaneously injected and saline was injected in the CT group. After 14 days, the small and large intestines were removed for histochemical analysis. The macroscopic morphology of the intestines and the fecal excretion were also observed. KEY RESULTS The upper GI transit and weight of fecal pellets were reduced and the walls of the large intestine in tumor-bearing rats showed multiple constrictions. In the capsules' constitution of the myenteric plexus of the TW group, there were type III collagen fibers in addition to type I fibers, and the thin septa inside the capsule were absent. The large intestine in the TW group exhibited smaller neurons and the number of nitrergic-positive neurons was also reduced in the myenteric plexus, compared to the CT group. In the TW group, the neuronal numbers and the staining intensity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) were reduced in the large intestine. Staining was not different in the small intestine. CONCLUSIONS AND INFERENCES This study showed that the Walker-256 tumor induced alterations in the morphology of nitrergic and cholinergic neurons in the myenteric plexus and decreased the upper GI transit with the presence of multiple constrictions in the colon. Therefore, these alterations can interfere on neurotransmission and can be related to the intestinal motility alterations observed in tumor-bearing rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Marega
- Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - E A Liberti
- University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - K S Kietzer
- University of Pará State, Belem, Pará, Brazil
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Xiao Y, Meng C, Lin J, Huang C, Zhang X, Long Y, Huang Y, Lin Y. Ouabain targets the Na +/K +-ATPase α 3 isoform to inhibit cancer cell proliferation and induce apoptosis. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:6678-6684. [PMID: 29163695 PMCID: PMC5688790 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Ouabain has been used for the treatment of heart failure and atrial fibrillation. Its potential anticancer effect has also attracted great interest. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the anticancer effect of ouabain and investigate its molecular target. The effects of ouabain on the viability of and induction of cellular death on OS-RC-2 renal cancer cells were examined using the MTT assay and acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining. The levels of Ca2+ and reactive oxygen species were determined using Fura-3-acetoxymethyl ester and dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate probes, respectively. Apoptosis was examined using annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide staining and western blotting. The expression profile of the different Na+/K+-ATPase (NKA) isoforms in NCI-H446 small cell lung cancer cells was determined using immunocytochemistry and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis. In the present study, it was demonstrated that ouabain inhibited cancer cell proliferation and induced apoptosis while no significant difference in the expression of NKA α1 and α3 isoforms was detected following 48 h of ouabain treatment. Furthermore, expression of NKA α3 but not the α1 isoform was associated with ouabain sensitivity. The results of the present study indicated that ouabain targets the NKA α3 isoform, inhibits cancer cell proliferation and induces apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Xiao
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350117, P.R. China
| | - Chen Meng
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350117, P.R. China
| | - Jie Lin
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350117, P.R. China
| | - Chaoqun Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350117, P.R. China
| | - Xiuli Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350117, P.R. China
| | - Yanyu Long
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350117, P.R. China
| | - Yide Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350117, P.R. China
| | - Yao Lin
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350117, P.R. China
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Guo T, Li J, Li J, Kong D, Bi C, He Z, Tang D, Jin X, Jin L. Association between hyperpolarization-activated channel in interstitial cells of Cajal and gastrointestinal dysmotility induced by malignant ascites. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:1601-1608. [PMID: 28454297 PMCID: PMC5403200 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced malignant ascites is accompanied by gastrointestinal dysmotility, and patients often feel abdominal pain, abdominal distention, nausea and constipation. Gastrointestinal dysmotility is not only painful for the patients, but it reduces the absorption of nutrients and affects the physical recovery of patients with malignant ascites. It is reported that changes in interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) are responsible for the gastrointestinal dysmotility induced by malignant ascites, but the mechanism is not completely understood. The present study observed a significantly decreased expression of ion channels, including hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated potassium channel 2 (HCN2) and cyclic adenosine monophosphate, in the condition of malignant ascites. Using electrophysiology, it was identified that malignant ascites led to lower amplitude and slower frequency signals in cells of the small intestine. In addition, when ICCs were cultured with malignant ascites in vitro, the expression of HCN2 of ICCs was significantly reduced, and the data of flow cytometry revealed that the Ca2+ concentration of ICCs was also decreased. The results of electron microscopy analysis demonstrated the nuclei of ICCs were pyknotic, and the processes of ICCs were reduced in malignant ascites. The present study suggests the small intestinal dysmotility caused by malignant ascites may be associated with changes in HCN2 of ICCs, which offers a potential therapeutic target for gastrointestinal dysmotility in advanced malignant ascites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tieyun Guo
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Basic Medical Science College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Jiade Li
- Department of Pathology, Basic Medical Science College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Pathology, Basic Medical Science College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Dan Kong
- Department of Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Chunli Bi
- Department of Pathology, Basic Medical Science College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Zheng He
- Department of Pathology, Basic Medical Science College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Dai Tang
- Department of Pathology, Basic Medical Science College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoming Jin
- Department of Pathology, Basic Medical Science College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Lianhong Jin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Basic Medical Science College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
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Li SY. Bowel dysfunction in non-surgical cancer patients. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2016; 24:3347-3353. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v24.i22.3347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal dysfunction is common in non-surgical tumor patients, and it manifests as disorder of digestion and absorption, defect of anatomical structure and intestinal barrier dysfunction. Tumor itself and its complications, surgery, and chemoradiotherapy can induce intestinal mucosal ischemia and hypoxia, intestinal smooth muscle degeneration, necrosis and apoptosis, abnormal intestinal motility, disorder of intestinal microflora, and dysfunction of intestinal immune barrier, all of which result in intestinal dysfunction. Tumor syndrome and its complications that can result in intestinal dysfunction include malignant intestinal obstruction, postsurgical gastroparesis syndrome, radiation enteritis, and chemotherapy induced damage to intestinal barrier function, enteric dysbacteriosis, cancerous cachexia, gastrointestinal adverse reactions caused by chemoradiotherapy, somatic symptoms of depression and so on. All of these directly lead to rapid nutritional deficiencies, and interfere with the implementation of antitumor treatment. Management of intestinal dysfunction can improve the efficacy of antitumor treatment and the life quality of patients.
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Li J, Kong D, He Y, Wang X, Gao L, Li J, Yan M, Liu D, Wang Y, Zhang L, Jin X. The impact of inflammatory cells in malignant ascites on small intestinal ICCs' morphology and function. J Cell Mol Med 2015; 19:2118-27. [PMID: 26087333 PMCID: PMC4568916 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant ascites is one of the common complication at the late stage of abdominal cancers, which may deteriorate the environment of abdominal cavity and lead to potential damage of functional cells. Interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) are mesoderm-derived mesenchymal cells that function normal gastrointestinal motility. The pathological changes of ICCs or the reduced number may lead to the motility disorders of gastrointestinal tract. In this study, through analysis of malignant ascites which were obtained from cancer patients, we found that inflammatory cells, including tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes, accounted for 17.26 ± 1.31% and tumour-associated macrophages, occupied 19.06 ± 2.27% of total cells in the ascites, suggesting these inflammatory cells, in addition to tumour cells, may exert important influence on the tumour environment of abdominal cavity. We further demonstrated that the number of mice ICCs were significant decreased, as well as morphological and functional damage when ICCs were in the simulated tumour microenvironment in vitro. Additionally, we illustrated intestinal myoelectrical activity reduced and irregular with morphological changes of ICCs using the mice model of malignant ascites. In conclusion, our data suggested that inflammatory cells in malignant ascites may damage ICCs of the small intestine and lead to intestinal motility disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Department of Pathology, Basic Medical Science College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Dan Kong
- Department of Gynecology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yan He
- Department of Pathology, Basic Medical Science College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiuli Wang
- Department of Pathology, Basic Medical Science College, Harbin Medical University, Daqing, China
| | - Lei Gao
- Department of Pathology, Basic Medical Science College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jiade Li
- Department of Pathology, Basic Medical Science College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Meisi Yan
- Department of Pathology, Basic Medical Science College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Duanyang Liu
- Department of Pathology, Basic Medical Science College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yufu Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Clinical Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Basic Medical Science College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoming Jin
- Department of Pathology, Basic Medical Science College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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