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Giuntini S, Pedruzzi L. Sex and the patch: the influence of habitat fragmentation on terrestrial vertebrates’ mating strategies. ETHOL ECOL EVOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/03949370.2022.2059787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Giuntini
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Pisa, Via Alessandro Volta 6, Pisa 56126, Italy
- Environmental Analysis and Management Unit, Guido Tosi Research Group, Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, Università degli Studi dell’Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Luca Pedruzzi
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Pisa, Via Alessandro Volta 6, Pisa 56126, Italy
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Atkins ZS, Amor MD, Clemann N, Chapple DG, While GM, Gardner MG, Haines ML, Harrisson KA, Schroder M, Robert KA. Allopatric divergence drives the genetic structuring of an endangered alpine endemic lizard with a sky‐island distribution. Anim Conserv 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/acv.12519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Z. S. Atkins
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Evolution La Trobe University Bundoora Vic. Australia
| | - M. D. Amor
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Evolution La Trobe University Bundoora Vic. Australia
| | - N. Clemann
- Department of Environment, Land, Water& Planning Arthur Rylah Institute for Environmental Research Heidelberg Vic. Australia
| | - D. G. Chapple
- School of Biological Sciences Monash University Clayton Vic. Australia
| | - G. M. While
- School of Biological Sciences University of Tasmania Hobart TAS Australia
| | - M. G. Gardner
- College of Science and Engineering Flinders University Adelaide Australia
- Evolutionary Biology Unit South Australian Museum Adelaide SA Australia
| | - M. L. Haines
- Biological Sciences University of Wisconsin‐Milwaukee Milwaukee WI USA
| | - K. A. Harrisson
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Evolution La Trobe University Bundoora Vic. Australia
- Department of Environment, Land, Water& Planning Arthur Rylah Institute for Environmental Research Heidelberg Vic. Australia
| | - M. Schroder
- NSW National Parks and Wildlife ServiceSnowy Mountains Region Jindabyne NSW Australia
| | - K. A. Robert
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Evolution La Trobe University Bundoora Vic. Australia
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3
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Lyndon-Gee F, Sumner J, Hu Y, Ciofi C, Jessop TS. Abundance and genetic diversity responses of a lizard (Eulamprus heatwolei) to logging disturbance. AUST J ZOOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1071/zo17051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Rotational logging practices are used with the goal of reducing forest disturbance impacts on biodiversity. However, it is poorly understood whether such forest management practices conserve the demographic and genetic composition of animal populations across logged landscapes. Here we investigated whether rotational logging practices alter patterns of landscape-scale population abundance and genetic diversity of a forest-dwelling lizard (Eulamprus heatwolei) in south-eastern Australia. We sampled lizards (n = 407) at up to 48 sites across a chronosequence of logging disturbance intervals (<10 to >60 years after logging) to assess site-specific population changes and genetic diversity parameters. Lizard abundances exhibited a significant curvilinear response to time since logging, with decreased numbers following logging (<10 years), increased abundance as the forest regenerated (10–20 years), before decreasing again in older regenerated forest sites (>30 years). Lizard genetic diversity parameters were not significantly influenced by logging disturbance. These results suggest that logging practices, whilst inducing short-term changes to population abundance, had no measurable effects on the landscape-scale genetic diversity of E. heatwolei. These results are important as they demonstrate the value of monitoring for evaluating forest management efficacy, and the use of different population-level markers to make stronger inference about the potential impacts of logging activities.
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Gardner MG, Pearson SK, Johnston GR, Schwarz MP. Group living in squamate reptiles: a review of evidence for stable aggregations. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2015; 91:925-936. [PMID: 26052742 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Revised: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
How sociality evolves and is maintained remains a key question in evolutionary biology. Most studies to date have focused on insects, birds, and mammals but data from a wider range of taxonomic groups are essential to identify general patterns and processes. The extent of social behaviour among squamate reptiles is under-appreciated, yet they are a promising group for further studies. Living in aggregations is posited as an important step in the evolution of more complex sociality. We review data on aggregations among squamates and find evidence for some form of aggregations in 94 species across 22 families. Of these, 18 species across 7 families exhibited 'stable' aggregations that entail overlapping home ranges and stable membership in long-term (years) or seasonal aggregations. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that stable aggregations have evolved multiple times in squamates. We: (i) identify significant gaps in our understanding; (ii) outline key traits which should be the focus of future research; and (iii) outline the potential for utilising reproductive skew theory to provide insights into squamate sociality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael G Gardner
- School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University of South Australia, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, 5001, Australia. .,South Australian Museum, North Terrace, Adelaide, 5000, Australia.
| | - Sarah K Pearson
- School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University of South Australia, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, 5001, Australia
| | - Gregory R Johnston
- School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University of South Australia, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, 5001, Australia.,South Australian Museum, North Terrace, Adelaide, 5000, Australia
| | - Michael P Schwarz
- School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University of South Australia, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, 5001, Australia
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Metcalfe DJ, Lawson TJ. An International Union for Conservation of Nature risk assessment of coastal lowland rainforests of the Wet Tropics Bioregion, Queensland, Australia. AUSTRAL ECOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/aec.12263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. Metcalfe
- CSIRO Land & Water Flagship; PO Box 2583 Brisbane Queensland 4001 Australia
| | - T. J. Lawson
- CSIRO Land & Water Flagship; Melbourne Victoria Australia
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Radespiel U, Bruford MW. Fragmentation genetics of rainforest animals: insights from recent studies. CONSERV GENET 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-013-0550-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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7
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Banks SC, Lindenmayer DB. Inbreeding avoidance, patch isolation and matrix permeability influence dispersal and settlement choices by male agile antechinus in a fragmented landscape. J Anim Ecol 2013; 83:515-24. [PMID: 23991826 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.12128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Animal dispersal is highly non-random and has important implications for the dynamics of populations in fragmented habitat. We identified interpatch dispersal events from genetic tagging, parentage analyses and assignment tests and modelled the factors associated with apparent emigration and post-dispersal settlement choices by individual male agile antechinus (Antechinus agilis, a marsupial carnivore of south-east Australian forests). Emigration decisions were best modelled with on data patch isolation and inbreeding risk. The choice of dispersal destination by males was influenced by inbreeding risk, female abundance, patch size, patch quality and matrix permeability (variation in land cover). Males were less likely to settle in patches without highly unrelated females. Our findings highlight the importance of individual-level dispersal data for understanding how multiple processes drive non-randomness in dispersal in modified landscapes. Fragmented landscapes present novel environmental, demographic and genetic contexts in which dispersal decisions are made, so the major factors affecting dispersal decisions in fragmented habitat may differ considerably from unfragmented landscapes. We show that the spatial scale of genetic neighbourhoods can be large in fragmented habitat, such that dispersing males can potentially settle in the presence of genetically similar females after moving considerable distances, thereby necessitating both a choice to emigrate and a choice of where to settle to avoid inbreeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam C Banks
- The Fenner School of Environment and Society, The Australian National University.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions, National Environmental Research Program Environmental Decisions Hub, Australia
| | - David B Lindenmayer
- The Fenner School of Environment and Society, The Australian National University.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions, National Environmental Research Program Environmental Decisions Hub, Australia
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Lange R, Gruber B, Henle K, Sarre SD, Hoehn M. Mating system and intrapatch mobility delay inbreeding in fragmented populations of a gecko. Behav Ecol 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/art060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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STEPHENS HELENC, SCHMUKI CHRISTINA, BURRIDGE CHRISTOPHERP, O'REILLY-WAPSTRA JULIANNEM. Habitat fragmentation in forests affects relatedness and spatial genetic structure of a native rodent,Rattus lutreolus. AUSTRAL ECOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/aec.12001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Delaney KS, Riley SPD, Fisher RN. A rapid, strong, and convergent genetic response to urban habitat fragmentation in four divergent and widespread vertebrates. PLoS One 2010; 5:e12767. [PMID: 20862274 PMCID: PMC2940822 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0012767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2009] [Accepted: 08/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urbanization is a major cause of habitat fragmentation worldwide. Ecological and conservation theory predicts many potential impacts of habitat fragmentation on natural populations, including genetic impacts. Habitat fragmentation by urbanization causes populations of animals and plants to be isolated in patches of suitable habitat that are surrounded by non-native vegetation or severely altered vegetation, asphalt, concrete, and human structures. This can lead to genetic divergence between patches and in turn to decreased genetic diversity within patches through genetic drift and inbreeding. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We examined population genetic patterns using microsatellites in four common vertebrate species, three lizards and one bird, in highly fragmented urban southern California. Despite significant phylogenetic, ecological, and mobility differences between these species, all four showed similar and significant reductions in gene flow over relatively short geographic and temporal scales. For all four species, the greatest genetic divergence was found where development was oldest and most intensive. All four animals also showed significant reduction in gene flow associated with intervening roads and freeways, the degree of patch isolation, and the time since isolation. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE Despite wide acceptance of the idea in principle, evidence of significant population genetic changes associated with fragmentation at small spatial and temporal scales has been rare, even in smaller terrestrial vertebrates, and especially for birds. Given the striking pattern of similar and rapid effects across four common and widespread species, including a volant bird, intense urbanization may represent the most severe form of fragmentation, with minimal effective movement through the urban matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Semple Delaney
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
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Levy E, Kennington WJ, Tomkins JL, Lebas NR. Land clearing reduces gene flow in the granite outcrop-dwelling lizard, Ctenophorus ornatus. Mol Ecol 2010; 19:4192-203. [PMID: 20831643 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2010.04810.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An important question for the conservation of species dwelling in fragmented habitats is whether changes to the intervening landscape create a barrier to gene flow. Here, we make use of the spatial distribution of the granite outcrop-dwelling lizard, Ctenophorus ornatus, to compare inferred levels of gene flow between outcrops in a nature reserve with that between outcrops in the adjacent agricultural land. Genetic variation, relatedness and subdivision were compared within groups of individuals from different outcrops similar in size and distance apart at each site. In the agricultural land, we found significantly lower genetic variation within outcrops and greater genetic differentiation between outcrops than in the reserve. Further, the rate at which genetic divergence between outcrops increased over geographical distance was significantly greater in the agricultural land than in the reserve. We also found that individuals were more closely related within outcrops but more distantly related between outcrops in the cleared land. These effects occur over a small spatial scale with an average distance between outcrops of less than five kilometres. Thus, even though land clearing around the outcrops leaves outcrop size unchanged, it restricts gene flow, reducing genetic variation and increasing population structure, with potentially negative consequences for the long-term persistence of the lizards on these outcrops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Levy
- Centre for Evolutionary Biology, School of Animal Biology, The University of Western Australia, M092, 35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
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MOORE JA, MILLER HC, DAUGHERTY CH, NELSON NJ. Fine-scale genetic structure of a long-lived reptile reflects recent habitat modification. Mol Ecol 2008; 17:4630-41. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2008.03951.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Keyghobadi N. The genetic implications of habitat fragmentation for animalsThis review is one of a series dealing with some aspects of the impact of habitat fragmentation on animals and plants. This series is one of several virtual symposia focussing on ecological topics that will be published in the Journal from time to time. CAN J ZOOL 2007. [DOI: 10.1139/z07-095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 278] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The past decade has seen a rapid increase in the number of studies dealing with the genetic consequences of habitat fragmentation, in large part because of the increasing accessibility of techniques for assessing molecular genetic variation in wild populations. This body of work is extremely diverse and encompasses a variety of approaches that define and measure both habitat fragmentation and its potential genetic impacts. Here, I summarize the main questions that are being addressed, and approaches being taken, in empirical studies of the genetic impacts of habitat fragmentation in animals. Considerable effort has been spent in documenting how levels of genetic diversity, and the spatial distribution of that diversity, are altered by habitat fragmentation. However, proportionately less effort has been invested in directly examining specific genetic and evolutionary processes that may affect the persistence of populations inhabiting fragmented landscapes: inbreeding depression, the loss of adaptive potential, and the accumulation of deleterious mutations. One area in which considerable progress has been made over the past decade is in the development and application of novel methods for inferring demographic and landscape ecological characteristics of animals, particularly dispersal patterns, using genetic tools. In this area, a significant integration of genetic and ecological approaches in the study of fragmented populations is occurring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nusha Keyghobadi
- Department of Biology, The University of Western Ontario, BGS 234a, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada (e-mail: )
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SUMNER JOANNA. Higher relatedness within groups due to variable subadult dispersal in a rainforest skink, Gnypetoscincus queenslandiae. AUSTRAL ECOL 2006. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-9993.2006.01599.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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