1
|
Badri M, Ayadi A, Mahjoub A, Benltoufa A, Chaouachi M, Ranouch R, Ben Cheikh N, Abdelguerfi A, Laouar M, Abdelly C, Ludidi N, Djébali N. Variability in Responses to Phoma medicaginis Infection in a Tunisian Collection of Three Annual Medicago Species. THE PLANT PATHOLOGY JOURNAL 2023; 39:171-180. [PMID: 37019827 PMCID: PMC10102567 DOI: 10.5423/ppj.oa.09.2022.0134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Spring black stem and leaf spot, caused by Phoma medicaginis, is an issue in annual Medicago species. Therefore, in this study, we analyzed the response to P. medicaginis infection in a collection of 46 lines of three annual Medicago species (M. truncatula, M. ciliaris, and M. polymorpha) showing different geographic distribution in Tunisia. The reaction in the host to the disease is explained by the effects based on plant species, lines nested within species, treatment, the interaction of species × treatment, and the interaction of lines nested within species × treatment. Medicago ciliaris was the least affected for aerial growth under infection. Furthermore, the largest variation within species was found for M. truncatula under both conditions. Principal component analysis and hierarchical classification showed that M. ciliaris lines formed a separate group under control treatment and P. medicaginis infection and they are the most vigorous in growth. These results indicate that M. ciliaris is the least susceptible in response to P. medicaginis infection among the three Medicago species investigated here, which can be used as a good candidate in crop rotation to reduce disease pressure in the field and as a source of P. medicaginis resistance for the improvement of forage legumes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mounawer Badri
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, B.P. 901, Hammam-Lif 2050,
Tunisia
| | - Amina Ayadi
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, B.P. 901, Hammam-Lif 2050,
Tunisia
- Faculty of Mathematical, Physical and Natural Sciences of Tunis, Campus Universitaire El-Manar, University of Tunis El Manar, El Manar 2092,
Tunisia
| | - Asma Mahjoub
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, B.P. 901, Hammam-Lif 2050,
Tunisia
| | - Amani Benltoufa
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, B.P. 901, Hammam-Lif 2050,
Tunisia
| | - Manel Chaouachi
- Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, B.P. 901, Hammam-Lif 2050,
Tunisia
| | - Rania Ranouch
- Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, B.P. 901, Hammam-Lif 2050,
Tunisia
| | - Najah Ben Cheikh
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, B.P. 901, Hammam-Lif 2050,
Tunisia
| | - Aissa Abdelguerfi
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique d’Alger, Rue Hassen Badi, El Harrach 16200, Algiers,
Algeria
| | - Meriem Laouar
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique d’Alger, Rue Hassen Badi, El Harrach 16200, Algiers,
Algeria
| | - Chedly Abdelly
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, B.P. 901, Hammam-Lif 2050,
Tunisia
| | - Ndiko Ludidi
- Plant Biotechnology Research Group, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Robert Sobukwe Road, Bellville 7530,
South Africa
- DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence in Food Security, University of the Western Cape, Robert Sobukwe Road, Bellville 7530,
South Africa
| | - Naceur Djébali
- Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, B.P. 901, Hammam-Lif 2050,
Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Genetic Diversity and Differentiation of Eleven Medicago Species from Campania Region Revealed by Nuclear and Chloroplast Microsatellites Markers. Genes (Basel) 2021; 13:genes13010097. [PMID: 35052437 PMCID: PMC8774365 DOI: 10.3390/genes13010097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The species belonging to the genus Medicago are considered a very important genetic resource at global level both for planet’s food security and for sustainable rangelands management. The checklist of the Italian flora (2021) includes a total number of 40 Medicago species for Italy, and 27 for Campania region, with a number of doubtful records or related to species no more found in the wild. In this study, 10 Medicago species native to Campania region, and one archaeophyte (M. sativa), identified by means of morphological diagnostic characters, were analyzed in a blind test to assay the efficacy of nine microsatellite markers (five cp-SSRs and four n-SSRs). A total number of 33 individuals from 6 locations were sampled and genotyped. All markers were polymorphic, 40 alleles were obtained with n-SSRs ranging from 8–12 alleles per locus with an average of 10 alleles per marker, PIC values ranged from 0.672 to 0.847, and the most polymorphic SSR was MTIC 564. The cp-SSRs markers were highly polymorphic too; PIC values ranged from 0.644 to 0.891 with an average of 0.776, the most polymorphic cp-SSR was CCMP10. 56 alleles were obtained with cp-SSRs ranging from 7 to 17 alleles per locus with an average of 11. AMOVA analysis with n-SSR markers highlighted a great level of genetic differentiation among the 11 species, with a statistically significant fixation index (FST). UPGMA clustering and Bayesian-based population structure analysis assigned these 11 species to two main clusters, but the distribution of species within clusters was not the same for the two analyses. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that the combination of the used SSRs well distinguished the 11 Medicago species. Moreover, our results demonstrated that the use of a limited number of SSRs might be considered for further genetic studies on other Medicago species.
Collapse
|
4
|
Lamy JB, Plomion C, Kremer A, Delzon S. Q(ST) < F(ST) As a signature of canalization. Mol Ecol 2012; 21:5646-55. [PMID: 23110372 DOI: 10.1111/mec.12017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2012] [Revised: 07/27/2012] [Accepted: 07/31/2012] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
A key aim of evolutionary biology - inferring the action of natural selection on wild species - can be achieved by comparing neutral genetic differentiation between populations (F(ST)) with quantitative genetic variation (Q(ST)). Each of the three possible outcomes of comparisons of Q(ST) and F(ST) (Q(ST) > F(ST), Q(ST) = F(ST), Q(ST) < F(ST)) is associated with an inference (diversifying selection, genetic drift, uniform selection, respectively). However, published empirical and theoretical studies have focused on the Q(ST) > F(ST) outcome. We believe that this reflects the absence of a straightforward biological interpretation of the Q(ST) < F(ST) pattern. We here report recent evidence of this neglected evolutionary pattern, provide guidelines to its interpretation as either a canalization phenomenon or a consequence of uniform selection and discuss the significant importance this issue will have for the area of evolutionary biology.
Collapse
|
5
|
Ben Salah I, Slatni T, Gruber M, Mahmoudi H, Zribi K, Abdelly C. Variability in the response of six genotypes of N2-fixing Medicago ciliaris to NaCl. Symbiosis 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s13199-011-0118-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|