1
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Jiménez J, Del Río L, Ferreras P, Godinho R. Low signs of territorial behavior in the Eurasian otter during low-water conditions in a Mediterranean river. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11478. [PMID: 38769409 PMCID: PMC11106847 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62432-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The Eurasian otter Lutra lutra is a territorial semi-aquatic carnivore usually found at low densities in rivers, coastal areas, and wetlands. Its diet is based on prey associated with aquatic environments. Mediterranean rivers are highly seasonal, and suffer reduced flow during the summer, resulting in isolated river sections (pools) that sometimes can be left with a minimal amount of water, leading to concentrations of food for otters. To our knowledge, this process, which was known to field naturalists, has not been accurately described, nor have otter densities been estimated under these conditions. In this study, we describe the population size and movements of an aggregation of otters in an isolated pool in the Guadiana River in the Tablas de Daimiel National Park (central Spain), which progressively dried out during the spring-summer of 2022, in a context of low connectivity due to the absence of circulating water in the Guadiana and Gigüela rivers. Using non-invasive genetic sampling of 120 spraints collected along 79.4 km of sampling transects and spatial capture-recapture methods, we estimated the otter density at 1.71 individuals/km of river channel length (4.21 individuals/km2) in a progressively drying river pool, up to five times higher than previously described in the Iberian Peninsula. The movement patterns obtained with the spatial capture-recapture model are not quite different from those described in low density, which seems to indicate a wide home range overlap, with low signs of territoriality.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Jiménez
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC, CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Ronda de Toledo 12, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain.
| | - Lucía Del Río
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC, CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Ronda de Toledo 12, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Pablo Ferreras
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC, CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Ronda de Toledo 12, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Raquel Godinho
- Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, CIBIO, Universidade Do Porto, Campus de Vairão, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade Do Porto, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
- BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vairão, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal
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2
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Sharma S, Chee‐Yoong W, Kannan A, Rama Rao S, Abdul‐Patah P, Ratnayeke S. Identification of three Asian otter species ( Aonyx cinereus, Lutra sumatrana, and Lutrogale perspicillata) using a novel noninvasive PCR-RFLP analysis. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e9585. [PMID: 36518624 PMCID: PMC9743061 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Four species of otters occur in tropical Asia, and all face multiple threats to their survival. Studies of distribution and population trends of these otter species in Asia, where they occur sympatrically, are complicated by their elusive nature and difficulties with reliable identification of species in field surveys. In Malaysia, only three species, the smooth-coated otter, Asian small-clawed otter, and hairy-nosed otter have been reliably reported as residents. We designed a replicable and cost-efficient PCR-RFLP protocol to identify these three species. Using published reference sequences of mitochondrial regions, we designed and tested three PCR-RFLP protocols on DNA extracted from reference samples and 33 spraints of wild otters collected along the North Central Selangor Coast of Malaysia. We amplified and sequenced two fragments (450 and 200 bp) of the mt D-loop region and a 300-bp fragment of the mt ND4 gene using primer sets TanaD, TanaD-Mod, and OTR-ND4, respectively. Amplification products were digested with restriction enzymes to generate species-specific RFLP profiles. We analyzed the costs of all three protocols and compared these with the costs of sequencing for species identification. Amplification success was highest for the smallest PCR product, with the TanaD-Mod primer amplifying DNA from all 33 spraints. TanaD and OTR-ND4 primers amplified DNA from 60.6% and 63.6% spraints, respectively. PCR products of TanaD-Mod provided the expected species-specific RFLP profile for 32 (97%) of the spraints. PCR products of OTR-ND4 provided the expected RFLP profile for all 21 samples that amplified, but TanaD produced spurious bands and inconsistent RFLP profiles. The OTR-ND4 primer-enzyme protocol was the least expensive (437 USD) for processing 100 samples, followed by TanaD-Mod (455 USD). We suggest the use of both OTR-ND4 and TanaD-Mod protocols that show potential for highly efficient and reliable species identification from noninvasive genetic sampling of three Asian otter species. We expect our novel noninvasive PCR-RFLP analysis methods to facilitate population monitoring, ecological and behavioral studies on otters in tropical and subtropical Asia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Sharma
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐LeipzigLeipzigGermany
- Institute of Biology, Martin Luther University Halle‐WittenbergHalleGermany
| | - Woo Chee‐Yoong
- Department of Biological SciencesSunway UniversitySelangor Darul EhsanMalaysia
- Malaysian Nature SocietyKuala LumpurMalaysia
| | - Adrian Kannan
- Department of Biological SciencesSunway UniversitySelangor Darul EhsanMalaysia
| | - Suganiya Rama Rao
- Department of Biological SciencesSunway UniversitySelangor Darul EhsanMalaysia
| | - Pazil Abdul‐Patah
- Department of Wildlife and National Parks (PERHILITAN), Peninsular MalaysiaKuala LumpurMalaysia
| | - Shyamala Ratnayeke
- Department of Biological SciencesSunway UniversitySelangor Darul EhsanMalaysia
- Skidmore CollegeNew YorkSaratoga SpringsUSA
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3
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McMillan SE, Wong ATC, Tang SSY, Yau EYH, Gomersall T, Wong PYH, Vu AKH, Sin SYW, Hau BCH, Bonebrake TC. Spraints demonstrate small population size and reliance on fishponds for Eurasian otter (
Lutra lutra
) in Hong Kong. CONSERVATION SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/csp2.12851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sharne E. McMillan
- School of Biological Sciences The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China
| | | | | | - Eugene Yu Hin Yau
- School of Biological Sciences The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China
| | - Thomas Gomersall
- School of Biological Sciences The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China
| | - Portia Y. H. Wong
- School of Biological Sciences The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China
| | - Andy Ka Hei Vu
- School of Biological Sciences The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China
| | - Simon Yung Wa Sin
- School of Biological Sciences The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China
| | - Billy C. H. Hau
- School of Biological Sciences The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China
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4
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GuibingaMickala A, Weber A, Ntie S, Gahlot P, Lehmann D, Mickala P, Abernethy K, Anthony N. Estimation of the census (Nc) and effective (Ne) population size of a wild mandrill (Mandrillus sphinx) horde in the Lopé National Park, Gabon using a non-invasive genetic approach. CONSERV GENET 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-022-01458-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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5
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A Noninvasive Genetic Insight into the Spatial and Social Organization of an Endangered Population of the Eurasian Otter (Lutra lutra, Mustelidae, Carnivora). SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14041943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The Eurasian otter is endangered in Italy, only surviving in southern river basins. The spatial and social structure of a population living at the border of the current range was explored through a noninvasive genetic study along 174 km of the Sangro river. Sampling was conducted in 2011 and 2012, collecting spraints and anal jellies at 62 marking sites. Samples were successfully genotyped at 13 nuclear microsatellites and the ZFX/ZFY locus for molecular sexing, resulting in 14 distinct genotypes (4 females, 2 possible females, 8 males), from 35 marking sites. Mean captures/recaptures rate was 3.8 captures/individual, with males being recaptured more frequently than females. Spatial overlap among individuals was analyzed through a linear regression model fitted against sibship categories and sex pairing. Nine out of the fourteen genotyped individuals belonged to three full-sib clusters, while five individuals had no full-sibs in the population. Full-sibs overlapped more than half-sibs, while male–male pairs showed significantly higher spatial overlap than both male–female and female–female pairs. Estimated mean density was 0.152 otters/km and 2.4 individuals/10 × 10 km grid cell. Accordingly, the 3440 grid cells of otter occurrence in Italy could likely host about 8000 otters, suggesting the current population has become larger than the minimum viable population size.
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Singh VK, Singh SK, Joshi BD, Chandra K, Sharma LK, Thakur M. Population genetics of the snow leopards (Panthera uncia) from the Western Himalayas, India. Mamm Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s42991-021-00196-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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7
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Noninvasive Genetic Assessment Is an Effective Wildlife Research Tool When Compared with Other Approaches. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12111672. [PMID: 34828277 PMCID: PMC8625682 DOI: 10.3390/genes12111672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Wildlife research has been indispensable for increasing our insight into ecosystem functioning as well as for designing effective conservation measures under the currently high rates of biodiversity loss. Genetic and genomic analyses might be able to yield the same information on, e.g., population size, health, or diet composition as other wildlife research methods, and even provide additional data that would not be possible to obtain by alternative means. Moreover, if DNA is collected non-invasively, this technique has only minimal or no impact on animal welfare. Nevertheless, the implementation rate of noninvasive genetic assessment in wildlife studies has been rather low. This might be caused by the perceived inefficiency of DNA material obtained non-invasively in comparison with DNA obtained from blood or tissues, or poorer performance in comparison with other approaches used in wildlife research. Therefore, the aim of this review was to evaluate the performance of noninvasive genetic assessment in comparison with other methods across different types of wildlife studies. Through a search of three scientific databases, 113 relevant studies were identified, published between the years 1997 and 2020. Overall, most of the studies (94%) reported equivalent or superior performance of noninvasive genetic assessment when compared with either invasive genetic sampling or another research method. It might be also cheaper and more time-efficient than other techniques. In conclusion, noninvasive genetic assessment is a highly effective research approach, whose efficacy and performance are likely to improve even further in the future with the development of optimized protocols.
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8
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Ibouroi MT, Arnal V, Cheha A, Dhurham SAO, Montgelard C, Besnard A. Noninvasive genetic sampling for flying foxes: a valuable method for monitoring demographic parameters. Ecosphere 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.3327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Thani Ibouroi
- Centre for Functional and Evolutionary Ecology (CEFE UMR 5175) EPHE PSL Research University, CNRS University of Montpellier, SupAgro, IRD, INRA Montpellier F‐34293 France
- Sustainable Development Task Force (GIDD) Moroni Hamramba Comores
| | - Véronique Arnal
- Centre for Functional and Evolutionary Ecology (CEFE UMR 5175) EPHE PSL Research University, CNRS University of Montpellier, SupAgro, IRD, INRA Montpellier F‐34293 France
| | - Ali Cheha
- Sustainable Development Task Force (GIDD) Moroni Hamramba Comores
| | | | - Claudine Montgelard
- Centre for Functional and Evolutionary Ecology (CEFE UMR 5175) EPHE PSL Research University, CNRS University of Montpellier, SupAgro, IRD, INRA Montpellier F‐34293 France
| | - Aurélien Besnard
- Centre for Functional and Evolutionary Ecology (CEFE UMR 5175) EPHE PSL Research University, CNRS University of Montpellier, SupAgro, IRD, INRA Montpellier F‐34293 France
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9
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Factors influencing genotyping success and genotyping error rate of Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) faeces collected in temperate Central Europe. EUR J WILDLIFE RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10344-020-01444-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe use of non-invasively collected DNA source material for genetic and genomic applications is usually characterized by low target DNA concentration and quality, genotyping errors and cost-intensive lab procedures. However, for otters (Lutrinae) as elusive species of conservation concern, genetic non-invasive sampling has become an important tool to study their ecology and demography. To increase cost-efficiency of monitoring programmes and to promote the expansion of genomic approaches to non-invasive samples, we aimed to refine sample collection and preparation. Therefore, we examined the effects of intrinsic sample characteristics (including diet), environmental conditions in the field and sample treatment in the molecular laboratory on the success of genotyping and allelic dropout (ADO) rates using microsatellite markers in 1970 fresh Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) scats. Using fresh samples only, we probably eliminated one of the most important impediments of genotyping DNA from otter faecal samples beforehand. But, we observed higher genotyping success and lower ADO rates for anal glad secretions and faecal samples containing high proportions of mucus. Moist conditions during sample collection may promote DNA degradation and PCR inhibition, leading to decreased genotyping success rates. ADO was further affected by the type of extraction kit. However, a high proportion of variance remaining unexplained by our models implied that additional parameters were acting (amount of PCR inhibitors, non-uniform distribution of intestinal cells, efficiency of PCRs, specific microclimate at marking sites). We summarized influential factors maximizing genotyping quality of otter scats and give recommendations for sample collection, storage and DNA extraction based on our results and current literature.
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10
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Majelantle TL, Ganswindt A, Jordaan RK, Slip DJ, Harcourt R, McIntyre T. Increased population density and behavioural flexibility of African clawless otters (Aonyx capensis) in specific anthropogenic environments. Urban Ecosyst 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11252-020-01068-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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11
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Abdul-Patah P, Sasaki H, Sekiguchi T, Shukor MN, Mohd-Yusof NS, Abdul-Latiff MAB, Md-Zain BM. Molecular DNA-based spatial mapping technique predicting diversity and distribution of otters (Lutrinae) in Peninsular Malaysia using non-invasive fecal samples. MAMMAL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13364-020-00532-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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12
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Gil-Sánchez JM, Antorán-Pilar E. Camera-trapping for abundance estimation of otters in seasonal rivers: a field evaluation. EUR J WILDLIFE RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10344-020-01409-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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13
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Marking behaviour and census of Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra) in riverine habitats: what can scat abundances and non-invasive genetic sampling tell us about otter numbers? MAMMAL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13364-020-00486-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
AbstractGrowing human-wildlife conflicts and legal conservation obligations increased the need for precise information on Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) population parameters for species status assessment and wildlife management measures. Scat surveys have become the method of choice to monitor species distribution range, abundance and habitat use. Although methodological concerns exist, scat abundance is often used as main indicator for otter population estimates and trends. To evaluate whether scat counts serve as good proxy for otter densities in linear stream habitats, we modelled the relationship between old/fresh scat abundance and otter numbers on two spatial scales, including also seasonal effects. Actual otter densities and marking behaviour were ascertained by genotyping of otter faeces collected at 218 marking sites along 132.6 km of four salmonid streams. Otter densities in our study areas ranged from 0.16 to 0.28 otters per stream kilometre. The age of scats and the level of spatial scale were determining factors when evaluating the suitability of scat abundance as index for otter densities. Covering large parts of an otter’s territory, fresh scat abundance increased with otter density, irrespectively of season. On the spatial scale of single marking sites, the relationship was not well supported, and no relationship could be found when using old scats in the models. Otter marking behaviour and differences in marking site use intensity, as well as seasonal differences in traceability and accumulation of old scats were discussed to bias the relationship between scat abundance and otter numbers.
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14
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Grimm-Seyfarth A, Zarzycka A, Nitz T, Heynig L, Weissheimer N, Lampa S, Klenke R. Performance of detection dogs and visual searches for scat detection and discrimination amongst related species with identical diets. NATURE CONSERVATION 2019. [DOI: 10.3897/natureconservation.37.48208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Ecology often faces the problem that many threatened species are highly elusive but also conflict-laden. Thus, proper monitoring data are inevitable for their conservation and management. Indirect monitoring through scats is frequently used for such species, but scats of related species or species with similar diet are often visually indistinguishable. Since genetic methods for species identification are time-consuming and cost-intensive, a verification of the target species beforehand would be extremely beneficial in reducing effort to the analysis of the target species only. Such species discrimination could be provided through species-specific scat detection dogs. Therefore, we evaluated the reliability of species-specific scat detection dogs for two mustelid species feeding on identical diets: the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) and the American mink (Neovison vison), both of which are conflict-laden and increasing their populations and distribution ranges in central Europe. Their scats resemble each other in morphology and odour, exacerbating the differentiation even for experts. To evaluate whether detection dogs can reliably discriminate between related species feeding on similar diets and if their use would be beneficial, we tested their abilities against those of humans. We first proved that scat characteristics are not statistically different between species. Likewise, visual species identification through people with different experience levels was only partly successful. Experts showed higher average accuracy (0.89) than non-experts (0.72 and below), but detection dogs (4 dogs) were able to discriminate otter and mink scats under laboratory conditions with an accuracy of 0.95. Moreover, otter scat detection dogs found up to four times more scat samples in the field, were twice as fast as human searchers and found an almost equal number of scats with different characteristics, while humans mostly found older and larger scats placed on hotspots. We conclude that using detection dogs for species identity will allow subsequent laboratory analyses to be species-specific and avoid spending time and money on laboratory work of the wrong species. It also provides more precise and unbiased information about the target species.
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15
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Improved genotyping and sequencing success rates for North American river otter (Lontra canadensis). EUR J WILDLIFE RES 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10344-018-1177-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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16
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Arandjelovic M, Vigilant L. Non-invasive genetic censusing and monitoring of primate populations. Am J Primatol 2018; 80:e22743. [PMID: 29457631 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.22743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Knowing the density or abundance of primate populations is essential for their conservation management and contextualizing socio-demographic and behavioral observations. When direct counts of animals are not possible, genetic analysis of non-invasive samples collected from wildlife populations allows estimates of population size with higher accuracy and precision than is possible using indirect signs. Furthermore, in contrast to traditional indirect survey methods, prolonged or periodic genetic sampling across months or years enables inference of group membership, movement, dynamics, and some kin relationships. Data may also be used to estimate sex ratios, sex differences in dispersal distances, and detect gene flow among locations. Recent advances in capture-recapture models have further improved the precision of population estimates derived from non-invasive samples. Simulations using these methods have shown that the confidence interval of point estimates includes the true population size when assumptions of the models are met, and therefore this range of population size minima and maxima should be emphasized in population monitoring studies. Innovations such as the use of sniffer dogs or anti-poaching patrols for sample collection are important to ensure adequate sampling, and the expected development of efficient and cost-effective genotyping by sequencing methods for DNAs derived from non-invasive samples will automate and speed analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mimi Arandjelovic
- Department of Primatology, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Linda Vigilant
- Department of Primatology, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
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17
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Martin EA, Heurich M, Müller J, Bufka L, Bubliy O, Fickel J. Genetic variability and size estimates of the Eurasian otter ( Lutra lutra ) population in the Bohemian Forest Ecosystem. Mamm Biol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mambio.2016.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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18
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Biffi D, Williams DA. Use of non-invasive techniques to determine population size of the marine otter in two regions of Peru. Mamm Biol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mambio.2016.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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19
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Singh SK, Aspi J, Kvist L, Sharma R, Pandey P, Mishra S, Singh R, Agrawal M, Goyal SP. Fine-scale population genetic structure of the Bengal tiger (Panthera tigris tigris) in a human-dominated western Terai Arc Landscape, India. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0174371. [PMID: 28445499 PMCID: PMC5405937 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite massive global conservation strategies, tiger populations continued to decline until recently, mainly due to habitat loss, human-animal conflicts, and poaching. These factors are known to affect the genetic characteristics of tiger populations and decrease local effective population sizes. The Terai Arc Landscape (TAL) at the foothills of the Himalaya is one of the 42 source sites of tigers around the globe. Therefore, information on how landscape features and anthropogenic factors affect the fine-scale spatial genetic structure and variation of tigers in TAL is needed to develop proper management strategies for achieving long-term conservation goals. We document, for the first time, the genetic characteristics of this tiger population by genotyping 71 tiger samples using 13 microsatellite markers from the western region of TAL (WTAL) of 1800 km2. Specifically, we aimed to estimate the genetic variability, population structure, and gene flow. The microsatellite markers indicated that the levels of allelic diversity (MNA = 6.6) and genetic variation (Ho = 0.50, HE = 0.64) were slightly lower than those reported previously in other Bengal tiger populations. We observed moderate gene flow and significant genetic differentiation (FST= 0.060) and identified the presence of cryptic genetic structure using Bayesian and non-Bayesian approaches. There was low and significantly asymmetric migration between the two main subpopulations of the Rajaji Tiger Reserve and the Corbett Tiger Reserve in WTAL. Sibship relationships indicated that the functionality of the corridor between these subpopulations may be retained if the quality of the habitat does not deteriorate. However, we found that gene flow is not adequate in view of changing land use matrices. We discuss the need to maintain connectivity by implementing the measures that have been suggested previously to minimize the level of human disturbance, including relocation of villages and industries, prevention of encroachment, and banning sand and boulder mining in the corridors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujeet Kumar Singh
- Department of Ecology and Genetics, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Wildlife Institute of India, Chandrabani, Dehradun, India
| | - Jouni Aspi
- Department of Ecology and Genetics, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Laura Kvist
- Department of Ecology and Genetics, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Reeta Sharma
- Population and Conservation Genetics, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Puneet Pandey
- Wildlife Institute of India, Chandrabani, Dehradun, India
| | | | - Randeep Singh
- Department of Wildlife Sciences, Amity University, Noida, India
| | - Manoj Agrawal
- Wildlife Institute of India, Chandrabani, Dehradun, India
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20
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Park CS, Cho GJ. Individual identification of Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra) in South Korea (Sincheon River, Daegu) by microsatellite markers. J Vet Med Sci 2017; 79:1064-1067. [PMID: 28428484 PMCID: PMC5487784 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.16-0563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the number of Eurasian otters (Lutra
lutra) that occupied the Sincheon River in Daegu, South Korea. Twenty-seven
spraints collected from February to May 2016 at four sites (Jangam Bridge approximately
6.1 km from the Gachang Dam, Docheong Bridge approximately 13.5 km, Chimsan Bridge
approximately 15.1 km and Nogoek Bridge approximately 18 km) along the Sincheon River
(approximately 27.06 km) were analyzed using 12 microsatellite markers. The analyses
resulted in the identification of 16 (59.3%) individual Eurasian otters in the Sincheon
River based on the 27 spraints. Of the 16 individual Eurasian otters, seven were male, and
nine were female. Groups were centered at the Jangam Bridge (3 males and 2 females),
Chimsan Bridge (2 males and 3 females) and Docheong Bridge (2 males and 4 females). Thus,
the 16 Eurasian otters formed three genetically related groups in each sampling area. The
number of alleles per locus varied from three to seven, with a mean value of 5.08
alleles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chul-Song Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Equine Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, South Korea
| | - Gil-Jae Cho
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Equine Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, South Korea
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Granjon AC, Rowney C, Vigilant L, Langergraber KE. Evaluating genetic capture-recapture using a chimpanzee population of known size. J Wildl Manage 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.21190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Céline Granjon
- Department of Primatology; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology; Deutscher Platz 6 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - Carolyn Rowney
- Department of Primatology; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology; Deutscher Platz 6 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - Linda Vigilant
- Department of Primatology; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology; Deutscher Platz 6 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - Kevin E. Langergraber
- School of Human Evolution and Social Change and Institute of Human Origins; Arizona State University; 900 Cady Mall Tempe AZ 85287 USA
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22
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Pine marten density in lowland riparian woods: A test of the Random Encounter Model based on genetic data. Mamm Biol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mambio.2016.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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23
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Gervasi V, Brøseth H, Gimenez O, Nilsen EB, Odden J, Flagstad Ø, Linnell JDC. Sharing data improves monitoring of trans-boundary populations: the case of wolverines in central Scandinavia. WILDLIFE BIOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.2981/wlb.00142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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24
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Lampa S, Mihoub JB, Gruber B, Klenke R, Henle K. Non-Invasive Genetic Mark-Recapture as a Means to Study Population Sizes and Marking Behaviour of the Elusive Eurasian Otter (Lutra lutra). PLoS One 2015; 10:e0125684. [PMID: 25973884 PMCID: PMC4431875 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0125684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantifying population status is a key objective in many ecological studies, but is often difficult to achieve for cryptic or elusive species. Here, non-invasive genetic capture-mark-recapture (CMR) methods have become a very important tool to estimate population parameters, such as population size and sex ratio. The Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) is such an elusive species of management concern and is increasingly studied using faecal-based genetic sampling. For unbiased sex ratios or population size estimates, the marking behaviour of otters has to be taken into account. Using 2132 otter faeces of a wild otter population in Upper Lusatia (Saxony, Germany) collected over six years (2006-2012), we studied the marking behaviour and applied closed population CMR models accounting for genetic misidentification to estimate population sizes and sex ratios. We detected a sex difference in the marking behaviour of otters with jelly samples being more often defecated by males and placed actively exposed on frequently used marking sites. Since jelly samples are of higher DNA quality, it is important to not only concentrate on this kind of samples or marking sites and to invest in sufficiently high numbers of repetitions of non-jelly samples to ensure an unbiased sex ratio. Furthermore, otters seemed to increase marking intensity due to the handling of their spraints, hence accounting for this behavioural response could be important. We provided the first precise population size estimate with confidence intervals for Upper Lusatia (for 2012: N = 20 ± 2.1, 95% CI = 16-25) and showed that spraint densities are not a reliable index for abundances. We further demonstrated that when minks live in sympatry with otters and have comparably high densities, a non-negligible number of supposed otter samples are actually of mink origin. This could severely bias results of otter monitoring if samples are not genetically identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Lampa
- UFZ—Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Conservation Biology, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Institute of Ecology, Dornburger Strasse 159, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Jean-Baptiste Mihoub
- UFZ—Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Conservation Biology, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Bernd Gruber
- University of Canberra, Institute for Applied Ecology and Collaborative Research Network for Murray-Darling Basin Futures, ACT 2601 Canberra, Australia
| | - Reinhard Klenke
- UFZ—Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Conservation Biology, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Klaus Henle
- UFZ—Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Conservation Biology, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
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25
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Impact of fish stocking on Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) densities: A case study on two salmonid streams. Mamm Biol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mambio.2015.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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26
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Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) density estimate based on radio tracking and other data sources. MAMMAL RES 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13364-015-0216-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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27
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Huang J, Li YZ, Du LM, Yang B, Shen FJ, Zhang HM, Zhang ZH, Zhang XY, Yue BS. Genome-wide survey and analysis of microsatellites in giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca), with a focus on the applications of a novel microsatellite marker system. BMC Genomics 2015; 16:61. [PMID: 25888121 PMCID: PMC4335702 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-015-1268-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) is a critically endangered species endemic to China. Microsatellites have been preferred as the most popular molecular markers and proven effective in estimating population size, paternity test, genetic diversity for the critically endangered species. The availability of the giant panda complete genome sequences provided the opportunity to carry out genome-wide scans for all types of microsatellites markers, which now opens the way for the analysis and development of microsatellites in giant panda. Results By screening the whole genome sequence of giant panda in silico mining, we identified microsatellites in the genome of giant panda and analyzed their frequency and distribution in different genomic regions. Based on our search criteria, a repertoire of 855,058 SSRs was detected, with mono-nucleotides being the most abundant. SSRs were found in all genomic regions and were more abundant in non-coding regions than coding regions. A total of 160 primer pairs were designed to screen for polymorphic microsatellites using the selected tetranucleotide microsatellite sequences. The 51 novel polymorphic tetranucleotide microsatellite loci were discovered based on genotyping blood DNA from 22 captive giant pandas in this study. Finally, a total of 15 markers, which showed good polymorphism, stability, and repetition in faecal samples, were used to establish the novel microsatellite marker system for giant panda. Meanwhile, a genotyping database for Chengdu captive giant pandas (n = 57) were set up using this standardized system. What’s more, a universal individual identification method was established and the genetic diversity were analysed in this study as the applications of this marker system. Conclusion The microsatellite abundance and diversity were characterized in giant panda genomes. A total of 154,677 tetranucleotide microsatellites were identified and 15 of them were discovered as the polymorphic and stable loci. The individual identification method and the genetic diversity analysis method in this study provided adequate material for the future study of giant panda. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-015-1268-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Huang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P R China.
| | - Yu-Zhi Li
- Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, Sichuan, China.
| | - Lian-Ming Du
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology on Endangered Wildlife, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P R China.
| | - Bo Yang
- China Research and Conservation Centre for the Giant Panda, Wenchuan, 623006, China.
| | - Fu-Jun Shen
- Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Chengdu, 610081, China.
| | - He-Min Zhang
- China Research and Conservation Centre for the Giant Panda, Wenchuan, 623006, China.
| | - Zhi-He Zhang
- Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Chengdu, 610081, China.
| | - Xiu-Yue Zhang
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology on Endangered Wildlife, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P R China.
| | - Bi-Song Yue
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P R China.
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28
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Stanton DWG, Hart J, Kümpel NF, Vosper A, Nixon S, Bruford MW, Ewen JG, Wang J. Enhancing knowledge of an endangered and elusive species, the okapi, using non-invasive genetic techniques. J Zool (1987) 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - J. Hart
- Projet Tshuapa-Lomami-Lualaba (TL2); Lukuru Foundation; Kinshasa DRC
| | - N. F. Kümpel
- Conservation Programmes; Zoological Society of London; London UK
| | - A. Vosper
- Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS); Great Ape and Human Impact Monitoring; Okapi Faunal Reserve; Ituri DRC
| | - S. Nixon
- Conservation Programmes; Zoological Society of London; London UK
| | - M. W. Bruford
- School of Biosciences; Cardiff University; Cardiff UK
| | - J. G. Ewen
- Institute of Zoology; Zoological Society of London; London UK
| | - J. Wang
- Institute of Zoology; Zoological Society of London; London UK
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Gervasi V, Brøseth H, Gimenez O, Nilsen EB, Linnell JDC. The risks of learning: confounding detection and demographic trend when using count-based indices for population monitoring. Ecol Evol 2015; 4:4637-48. [PMID: 25558358 PMCID: PMC4278816 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.1258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Revised: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Theory recognizes that a treatment of the detection process is required to avoid producing biased estimates of population rate of change. Still, one of three monitoring programmes on animal or plant populations is focused on simply counting individuals or other fixed visible structures, such as natal dens, nests, tree cavities. This type of monitoring design poses concerns about the possibility to respect the assumption of constant detection, as the information acquired in a given year about the spatial distribution of reproductive sites can provide a higher chance to detect the species in subsequent years. We developed an individual-based simulation model, which evaluates how the accumulation of knowledge about the spatial distribution of a population process can affect the accuracy of population growth rate estimates, when using simple count-based indices. Then, we assessed the relative importance of each parameter in affecting monitoring performance. We also present the case of wolverines (Gulo gulo) in southern Scandinavia as an example of a monitoring system with an intrinsic tendency to accumulate knowledge and increase detectability. When the occupation of a nest or den is temporally autocorrelated, the monitoring system is prone to increase its knowledge with time. This happens also when there is no intensification in monitoring effort and no change in the monitoring conditions. Such accumulated knowledge is likely to increase detection probability with time and can produce severe bias in the estimation of the rate and direction of population change over time. We recommend that a systematic sampling of the population process under study and an explicit treatment of the underlying detection process should be implemented whenever economic and logistical constraints permit, as failure to include detection probability in the estimation of population growth rate can lead to serious bias and severe consequences for management and conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Gervasi
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research Høgskoleringen 9, 7034, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Henrik Brøseth
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research Høgskoleringen 9, 7034, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Olivier Gimenez
- Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, UMR 5175 Campus CNRS, 1919 Route de Mende, Montpellier Cedex 5, F-34293, France
| | - Erlend B Nilsen
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research Høgskoleringen 9, 7034, Trondheim, Norway
| | - John D C Linnell
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research Høgskoleringen 9, 7034, Trondheim, Norway
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Lerone L, Mengoni C, Carpaneto GM, Randi E, Loy A. Procedures to genotype problematic non-invasive otter (Lutra lutra) samples. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s13364-014-0195-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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31
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Vergara M, Ruiz-González A, López de Luzuriaga J, Gómez-Moliner BJ. Individual identification and distribution assessment of otters (Lutra lutra) through non-invasive genetic sampling: Recovery of an endangered species in the Basque Country (Northern Spain). Mamm Biol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mambio.2014.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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32
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Quaglietta L, Fonseca VC, Mira A, Boitani L. Sociospatial organization of a solitary carnivore, the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra). J Mammal 2014. [DOI: 10.1644/13-mamm-a-073.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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33
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Li X, Buzzard P, Jiang X. Habitat associations of four ungulates in mountain forests of southwest China, based on camera trapping and dung counts data. POPUL ECOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10144-013-0405-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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34
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Lampa S, Henle K, Klenke R, Hoehn M, Gruber B. How to overcome genotyping errors in non-invasive genetic mark-recapture population size estimation-A review of available methods illustrated by a case study. J Wildl Manage 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Lampa
- UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research; Department of Conservation Biology; Permoserstrasse 15 04318 Leipzig Germany
- Institute of Ecology; Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Dornburger Strasse 159 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Klaus Henle
- UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research; Department of Conservation Biology; Permoserstrasse 15 04318 Leipzig Germany
| | - Reinhard Klenke
- UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research; Department of Conservation Biology; Permoserstrasse 15 04318 Leipzig Germany
| | - Marion Hoehn
- UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research; Department of Conservation Biology; Permoserstrasse 15 04318 Leipzig Germany
| | - Bernd Gruber
- Institute for Applied Ecology and Collaborative Research Network for Murray-Darling Basin Futures; University of Canberra; ACT 2601 Canberra Australia
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35
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O'Neill D, Turner PD, O'Meara DB, Chadwick EA, Coffey L, O'Reilly C. Development of novel real‐time
T
aq
M
an
®
PCR
assays for the species and sex identification of otter (
L
utra lutra
) and their application to noninvasive genetic monitoring. Mol Ecol Resour 2013; 13:877-83. [DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.12141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Revised: 05/29/2013] [Accepted: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David O'Neill
- Mammals In a Sustainable Environment Project Eco‐Innovation Research Centre, Department of Chemical and Life Sciences Waterford Institute of Technology Cork Road Waterford Ireland
| | - Peter D. Turner
- Mammals In a Sustainable Environment Project Eco‐Innovation Research Centre, Department of Chemical and Life Sciences Waterford Institute of Technology Cork Road Waterford Ireland
| | - Denise B. O'Meara
- Mammals In a Sustainable Environment Project Eco‐Innovation Research Centre, Department of Chemical and Life Sciences Waterford Institute of Technology Cork Road Waterford Ireland
| | - Elizabeth A. Chadwick
- Cardiff School of Biosciences Biological Sciences Building Museum Avenue Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Lee Coffey
- Mammals In a Sustainable Environment Project Eco‐Innovation Research Centre, Department of Chemical and Life Sciences Waterford Institute of Technology Cork Road Waterford Ireland
| | - Catherine O'Reilly
- Mammals In a Sustainable Environment Project Eco‐Innovation Research Centre, Department of Chemical and Life Sciences Waterford Institute of Technology Cork Road Waterford Ireland
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Quaglietta L, Fonseca VC, Hájková P, Mira A, Boitani L. Fine-scale population genetic structure and short-range sex-biased dispersal in a solitary carnivore,Lutra lutra. J Mammal 2013. [DOI: 10.1644/12-mamm-a-171.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Trinca CS, Jaeger CF, Eizirik E. Molecular ecology of the Neotropical otter (Lontra longicaudis): non-invasive sampling yields insights into local population dynamics. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/bij.12077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Camila Fernandes Jaeger
- Laboratório de Biologia Genômica e Molecular; Faculdade de Biociências; Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul; Avenida Ipiranga, 6681, prédio 12C, sala 134; Porto Alegre; RS; 90619-900; Brazil
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Ruiz-González A, Madeira MJ, Randi E, Urra F, Gómez-Moliner BJ. Non-invasive genetic sampling of sympatric marten species (Martes martes and Martes foina): assessing species and individual identification success rates on faecal DNA genotyping. EUR J WILDLIFE RES 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10344-012-0683-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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39
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Pennell MW, Stansbury CR, Waits LP, Miller CR. Capwire: a
R
package for estimating population census size from non‐invasive genetic sampling. Mol Ecol Resour 2012; 13:154-7. [DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.12019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2012] [Revised: 08/16/2012] [Accepted: 08/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew W. Pennell
- Institute for Bioinformatics and Evolutionary Studies (IBEST) University of Idaho 441B Life Science South Moscow ID 83844USA
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Idaho 252 Life Sciences South Moscow ID 83844 USA
| | - Carisa R. Stansbury
- Department of Fish and Wildlife Sciences University of Idaho 975 West 6th Street Moscow ID 83844 USA
| | - Lisette P. Waits
- Institute for Bioinformatics and Evolutionary Studies (IBEST) University of Idaho 441B Life Science South Moscow ID 83844USA
- Department of Fish and Wildlife Sciences University of Idaho 975 West 6th Street Moscow ID 83844 USA
| | - Craig R. Miller
- Institute for Bioinformatics and Evolutionary Studies (IBEST) University of Idaho 441B Life Science South Moscow ID 83844USA
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Idaho 252 Life Sciences South Moscow ID 83844 USA
- Department of Mathematics University of Idaho 300 Brink Hall Moscow ID 83844 USA
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40
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Comparison of established methods for quantifying genotyping error rates in wildlife forensics. CONSERV GENET RESOUR 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s12686-012-9729-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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41
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Genetic Sampling of Unhabituated Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) in Gishwati Forest Reserve, an Isolated Forest Fragment in Western Rwanda. INT J PRIMATOL 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10764-012-9591-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Kolodziej K, Theissinger K, Brün J, Schulz HK, Schulz R. Determination of the minimum number of microsatellite markers for individual genotyping in wild boar (Sus scrofa) using a test with close relatives. EUR J WILDLIFE RES 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10344-011-0588-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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43
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Mowry RA, Gompper ME, Beringer J, Eggert LS. River otter population size estimation using noninvasive latrine surveys. J Wildl Manage 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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44
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Michalski F, Valdez FP, Norris D, Zieminski C, Kashivakura CK, Trinca CS, Smith HB, Vynne C, Wasser SK, Metzger JP, Eizirik E. Successful carnivore identification with faecal DNA across a fragmented Amazonian landscape. Mol Ecol Resour 2011; 11:862-71. [PMID: 21676206 DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-0998.2011.03031.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The use of scat surveys to obtain DNA has been well documented in temperate areas, where DNA preservation may be more effective than in tropical forests. Samples obtained in the tropics are often exposed to high humidity, warm temperatures, frequent rain and intense sunlight, all of which can rapidly degrade DNA. Despite these potential problems, we demonstrate successful mtDNA amplification and sequencing for faeces of carnivores collected in tropical conditions and quantify how sample condition and environmental variables influence the success of PCR amplification and species identification. Additionally, the feasibility of genotyping nuclear microsatellites from jaguar (Panthera onca) faeces was investigated. From October 2007 to December 2008, 93 faecal samples were collected in the southern Brazilian Amazon. A total of eight carnivore species was successfully identified from 71% of all samples obtained. Information theoretic analysis revealed that the number of PCR attempts before a successful sequence was an important negative predictor across all three responses (success of species identification, success of species identification from the first sequence and PCR amplification success), whereas the relative importance of the other three predictors (sample condition, season and distance from forest edge) varied between the three responses. Nuclear microsatellite amplification from jaguar faeces had lower success rates (15-44%) compared with those of the mtDNA marker. Our results show that DNA obtained from faecal samples works efficiently for carnivore species identification in the Amazon forest and also shows potential for nuclear DNA analysis, thus providing a valuable tool for genetic, ecological and conservation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Michalski
- Department of Ecology, Bioscience Institute, University of São Paulo, Rua do Matão 321, Travessa 14, São Paulo, SP 05508-900, Brazil.
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Arandjelovic M, Head J, Rabanal LI, Schubert G, Mettke E, Boesch C, Robbins MM, Vigilant L. Non-invasive genetic monitoring of wild central chimpanzees. PLoS One 2011; 6:e14761. [PMID: 21423611 PMCID: PMC3057985 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0014761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2010] [Accepted: 02/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An assessment of population size and structure is an important first step in devising conservation and management plans for endangered species. Many threatened animals are elusive, rare and live in habitats that prohibit directly counting individuals. For example, a well-founded estimate of the number of great apes currently living in the wild is lacking. Developing methods to obtain accurate population estimates for these species is a priority for their conservation management. Genotyping non-invasively collected faecal samples is an effective way of evaluating a species' population size without disruption, and can also reveal details concerning population structure. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We opportunistically collected wild chimpanzee faecal samples for genetic capture-recapture analyses over a four-year period in a 132 km(2) area of Loango National Park, Gabon. Of the 444 samples, 46% yielded sufficient quantities of DNA for genotyping analysis and the consequent identification of 121 individuals. Using genetic capture-recapture, we estimate that 283 chimpanzees (range: 208-316) inhabited the research area between February 2005 and July 2008. Since chimpanzee males are patrilocal and territorial, we genotyped samples from males using variable Y-chromosome microsatellite markers and could infer that seven chimpanzee groups are present in the area. Genetic information, in combination with field data, also suggested the occurrence of repeated cases of intergroup violence and a probable group extinction. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE The poor amplification success rate resulted in a limited number of recaptures and hence only moderate precision (38%, measured as the entire width of the 95% confidence interval), but this was still similar to the best results obtained using intensive nest count surveys of apes (40% to 63%). Genetic capture-recapture methods applied to apes can provide a considerable amount of novel information on chimpanzee population size and structure with minimal disturbance to the animals and represent a powerful complement to traditional field-based methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mimi Arandjelovic
- Department of Primatology, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany.
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Zemanová B, Hájková P, Bryja J, Zima J, Hájková A, Zima J. Development of multiplex microsatellite sets for noninvasive population genetic study of the endangered Tatra chamois. FOLIA ZOOLOGICA 2011. [DOI: 10.25225/fozo.v60.i1.a11.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Zemanová
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Department of Population Biology, Květná 8, 603 65 Brno, Czech Republic; e-mails: , , , , ,
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Hájková
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Department of Population Biology, Květná 8, 603 65 Brno, Czech Republic; e-mails: , , , , ,
| | - Josef Bryja
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Department of Population Biology, Květná 8, 603 65 Brno, Czech Republic; e-mails: , , , , ,
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Zima
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Department of Population Biology, Květná 8, 603 65 Brno, Czech Republic; e-mails: , , , , ,
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Hájková
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Department of Population Biology, Květná 8, 603 65 Brno, Czech Republic; e-mails: , , , , ,
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, 128 44 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Zima
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Department of Population Biology, Květná 8, 603 65 Brno, Czech Republic; e-mails: , , , , ,
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García-Díaz P, Arévalo V, Lizana M. Comparison of track and direct observation estimations for assessing abundance of the Eurasian otter,Lutra lutra. FOLIA ZOOLOGICA 2011. [DOI: 10.25225/fozo.v60.i1.a6.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Valentín Arévalo
- Department of Animal Biology, University of Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Miguel Lizana
- Department of Animal Biology, University of Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
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Borthakur U, Barman RD, Das C, Basumatary A, Talukdar A, Ahmed MF, Talukdar BK, Bharali R. Noninvasive genetic monitoring of tiger (Panthera tigris tigris) population of Orang National Park in the Brahmaputra floodplain, Assam, India. EUR J WILDLIFE RES 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s10344-010-0471-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Koelewijn HP, Pérez-Haro M, Jansman HAH, Boerwinkel MC, Bovenschen J, Lammertsma DR, Niewold FJJ, Kuiters AT. The reintroduction of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) into the Netherlands: hidden life revealed by noninvasive genetic monitoring. CONSERV GENET 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-010-0051-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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