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Tan K, Waiho K, Tan K, Qiao Y, Lim LS, Yang X, Wen Y, Xu P, Peng Y, Ma X, Kwan KY. Silencing of novel TtVtg6-like induced ovarian cell apoptosis in ancient chelicerate Tachypleus tridentatus. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 679:66-74. [PMID: 37673004 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.08.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Vitellogenin (Vtg) serves as the precursor of yolk protein and exhibits widespread distribution in tissues, including in the ovary of both vertebrates and invertebrates. Vtg plays a critical role in facilitating oocyte maturation and embryonic development following oviposition. In this study, we have successfully elucidated the complete transcript sequence of TtVtg6-like from an ancient chelicerate Tachypleus tridentatus. The TtVtg6-like transcript encompassed a length of 4887 bp and encoded 1629 amino acids residues. Notably, TtVtg6-like was found to contain 25 exons. Furthermore, the molecular weight and isoelectric point of TtVtg6-like were determined to be 191.6 KDa and 6.73, respectively. Subsequent mRNA expression analysis demonstrated the specific expression of TtVtg6-like in ovary and yellow connective tissue. In addition, TtVtg6-like was located and distributed in both ovary and yellow connective tissue. Intriguingly, employing an siRNA approach to silence TtVtg6-like resulted in a decrease in TtVtg6-like transcription levels. Concomitantly, TtVtg6-like silencing led to increase production of ROS, ultimately resulting in DNA damage and cell apoptosis within the ovarian primary cell. The induction of apoptosis ovarian primary cells due to TtVtg6-like silencing was further corroborated through TUNEL assay and flow cytometry analysis. Overall, our findings underscore the significance of TtVtg6-like in ovarian cell development, revealing its potential association with ovarian cell apoptosis. Consequently, the insights gained from this study contribute to the future exploration of vitellogenesis and ovarian development in T. tridentatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kianann Tan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, College of Marine Sciences, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, 535011, Guangxi, China
| | - Khor Waiho
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Karsoon Tan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, College of Marine Sciences, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, 535011, Guangxi, China
| | - Ying Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Ecosystem and Bioresource, Fourth Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beihai, 536000, Guangxi, China
| | - Leong-Seng Lim
- Borneo Marine Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Xin Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, College of Marine Sciences, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, 535011, Guangxi, China
| | - Yulong Wen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, College of Marine Sciences, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, 535011, Guangxi, China
| | - Peng Xu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, College of Marine Sciences, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, 535011, Guangxi, China
| | - Ya Peng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, College of Marine Sciences, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, 535011, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaowan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Ecosystem and Bioresource, Fourth Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beihai, 536000, Guangxi, China.
| | - Kit Yue Kwan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, College of Marine Sciences, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, 535011, Guangxi, China.
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2
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Zimmerman SJ, Aldridge CL, O'Donnell MS, Edmunds DR, Coates PS, Prochazka BG, Fike JA, Cross TB, Fedy BC, Oyler-McCance SJ. A genetic warning system for a hierarchically structured wildlife monitoring framework. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2023; 33:e2787. [PMID: 36482030 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Genetic variation is a well-known indicator of population fitness yet is not typically included in monitoring programs for sensitive species. Additionally, most programs monitor populations at one scale, which can lead to potential mismatches with ecological processes critical to species' conservation. Recently developed methods generating hierarchically nested population units (i.e., clusters of varying scales) for greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) have identified population trend declines across spatiotemporal scales to help managers target areas for conservation. The same clusters used as a proxy for spatial scale can alert managers to local units (i.e., neighborhood-scale) with low genetic diversity, further facilitating identification of management targets. We developed a genetic warning system utilizing previously developed hierarchical population units to identify management-relevant areas with low genetic diversity within the greater sage-grouse range. Within this warning system we characterized conservation concern thresholds based on values of genetic diversity and developed a statistical model for microsatellite data to robustly estimate these values for hierarchically nested populations. We found that 41 of 224 neighborhood-scale clusters had low genetic diversity, 23 of which were coupled with documented local population trend decline. We also found evidence of cross-scale low genetic diversity in the small and isolated Washington population, unlikely to be reversed through typical local management actions alone. The combination of low genetic diversity and a declining population suggests relatively high conservation concern. Our findings could further facilitate conservation action prioritization in combination with population trend assessments and (or) local information, and act as a base-line of genetic diversity for future comparison. Importantly, the approach we used is broadly applicable across taxa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawna J Zimmerman
- U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Cameron L Aldridge
- U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Michael S O'Donnell
- U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - David R Edmunds
- U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Peter S Coates
- U.S. Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Center, Dixon Field Station, Dixon, California, USA
| | - Brian G Prochazka
- U.S. Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Center, Dixon Field Station, Dixon, California, USA
| | - Jennifer A Fike
- U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Todd B Cross
- School of Environment, Resources and Sustainability, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bradley C Fedy
- School of Environment, Resources and Sustainability, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sara J Oyler-McCance
- U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
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3
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A Comparison of Feathers and Oral Swab Samples as DNA Sources for Molecular Sexing in Companion Birds. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13030525. [PMID: 36766417 PMCID: PMC9913368 DOI: 10.3390/ani13030525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The early age determinism of the sex in case of monomorphic birds is very important, because most companion birds have no distinct sexual dimorphic traits. Molecular genetic sexing was proved to be one of the most accurate sex determinations in monomorphic birds. The aim of this study was to compare the results obtained by PCR performed on isolate genomic DNA from paired samples of feathers and oral swabs collected from the same individuals. Samples of oral swabs (n = 101) and feathers (n = 74) were collected from 101 companion birds from four different species (Columba livia domestica, Psittacula krameri, Neophema splendida and Agapornis spp.). The PCR was performed for the amplification of the CHD1W and CHD1Z genes in females and the CHD1Z gene in males. The overall PCR success rate of sex determination was significantly higher from oral swabs than from feathers. The PCR success rate from oral swabs was higher in juveniles and from feathers was significantly higher in adults. The similarity between the oral swab and feathers was obtained in 78.38% of the birds. Oral swabs proved to be a more reliable sample for genetic sex determination in the species tested in this study.
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4
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Cross TB, Tack JD, Naugle DE, Schwartz MK, Doherty KE, Oyler-McCance SJ, Pritchert RD, Fedy BC. The ties that bind the sagebrush biome: integrating genetic connectivity into range-wide conservation of greater sage-grouse. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2023; 10:220437. [PMID: 36844808 PMCID: PMC9943888 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.220437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Conserving genetic connectivity is fundamental to species persistence, yet rarely is made actionable into spatial planning for imperilled species. Climate change and habitat degradation have added urgency to embrace connectivity into networks of protected areas. Our two-step process integrates a network model with a functional connectivity model, to identify population centres important to maintaining genetic connectivity then to delineate those pathways most likely to facilitate connectivity thereamong for the greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus), a species of conservation concern ranging across eleven western US states and into two Canadian provinces. This replicable process yielded spatial action maps, able to be prioritized by importance to maintaining range-wide genetic connectivity. We used these maps to investigate the efficacy of 3.2 million ha designated as priority areas for conservation (PACs) to encompass functional connectivity. We discovered that PACs encompassed 41.1% of cumulative functional connectivity-twice the amount of connectivity as random-and disproportionately encompassed the highest-connectivity landscapes. Comparing spatial action maps to impedances to connectivity such as cultivation and woodland expansion allows both planning for future management and tracking outcomes from past efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd B. Cross
- School of Environment, Resources and Sustainability, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jason D. Tack
- Habitat and Population Evaluation Team, US Fish and Wildlife Service, 32 Campus Drive, Missoula, MT, USA
| | - David E. Naugle
- W.A. Franke College of Forestry and Conservation, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
| | - Michael K. Schwartz
- USDA Forest Service, National Genomics Center for Wildlife and Fish Conservation, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 800 East Beckwith Avenue, Missoula, MT, USA
| | | | | | - Ronald D. Pritchert
- Habitat and Population Evaluation Team, US Fish and Wildlife Service, 3425 Miriam Avenue, Bismarck, ND, USA
| | - Bradley C. Fedy
- School of Environment, Resources and Sustainability, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
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5
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New strategies for characterizing genetic structure in wide-ranging, continuously distributed species: A Greater Sage-grouse case study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0274189. [PMID: 36099302 PMCID: PMC9469985 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Characterizing genetic structure across a species’ range is relevant for management and conservation as it can be used to define population boundaries and quantify connectivity. Wide-ranging species residing in continuously distributed habitat pose substantial challenges for the characterization of genetic structure as many analytical methods used are less effective when isolation by distance is an underlying biological pattern. Here, we illustrate strategies for overcoming these challenges using a species of significant conservation concern, the Greater Sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus), providing a new method to identify centers of genetic differentiation and combining multiple methods to help inform management and conservation strategies for this and other such species. Our objectives were to (1) describe large-scale patterns of population genetic structure and gene flow and (2) to characterize genetic subpopulation centers across the range of Greater Sage-grouse. Samples from 2,134 individuals were genotyped at 15 microsatellite loci. Using standard STRUCTURE and spatial principal components analyses, we found evidence for four or six areas of large-scale genetic differentiation and, following our novel method, 12 subpopulation centers of differentiation. Gene flow was greater, and differentiation reduced in areas of contiguous habitat (eastern Montana, most of Wyoming, much of Oregon, Nevada, and parts of Idaho). As expected, areas of fragmented habitat such as in Utah (with 6 subpopulation centers) exhibited the greatest genetic differentiation and lowest effective migration. The subpopulation centers defined here could be monitored to maintain genetic diversity and connectivity with other subpopulation centers. Many areas outside subpopulation centers are contact zones where different genetic groups converge and could be priorities for maintaining overall connectivity. Our novel method and process of leveraging multiple different analyses to find common genetic patterns provides a path forward to characterizing genetic structure in wide-ranging, continuously distributed species.
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6
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Beers AT, Frey SN. Greater sage‐grouse habitat selection varies across the marginal habitat of its lagging range margin. Ecosphere 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.4146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Aidan T. Beers
- Department of Wildland Resources Utah State University Logan Utah USA
| | - Shandra N. Frey
- Department of Wildland Resources Utah State University Logan Utah USA
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7
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Zimmerman SJ, Aldridge CL, Hooten MB, Oyler-McCance SJ. Scale-dependent influence of the sagebrush community on genetic connectivity of the sagebrush obligate Gunnison sage-grouse. Mol Ecol 2022; 31:3267-3285. [PMID: 35501946 PMCID: PMC9325045 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Habitat fragmentation and degradation impacts an organism's ability to navigate the landscape, ultimately resulting in decreased gene flow and increased extinction risk. Understanding how landscape composition impacts gene flow (i.e., connectivity) and interacts with scale is essential to conservation decision‐making. We used a landscape genetics approach implementing a recently developed statistical model based on the generalized Wishart probability distribution to identify the primary landscape features affecting gene flow and estimate the degree to which each component influences connectivity for Gunnison sage‐grouse (Centrocercus minimus). We were interested in two spatial scales: among distinct populations rangewide and among leks (i.e., breeding grounds) within the largest population, Gunnison Basin. Populations and leks are nested within a landscape fragmented by rough terrain and anthropogenic features, although requisite sagebrush habitat is more contiguous within populations. Our best fit models for each scale confirm the importance of sagebrush habitat in connectivity, although the important sagebrush characteristics differ. For Gunnison Basin, taller shrubs and higher quality nesting habitat were the primary drivers of connectivity, while more sagebrush cover and less conifer cover facilitated connectivity rangewide. Our findings support previous assumptions that Gunnison sage‐grouse range contraction is largely the result of habitat loss and degradation. Importantly, we report direct estimates of resistance for landscape components that can be used to create resistance surfaces for prioritization of specific locations for conservation or management (i.e., habitat preservation, restoration, or development) or as we demonstrated, can be combined with simulation techniques to predict impacts to connectivity from potential management actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawna J Zimmerman
- U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Cameron L Aldridge
- U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Mevin B Hooten
- Department of Statistics and Data Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Sara J Oyler-McCance
- U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
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8
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Dinkins JB, Duchardt CJ, Hennig JD, Beck JL. Changes in hunting season regulations (1870s-2019) reduce harvest exposure on greater and Gunnison sage-grouse. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0253635. [PMID: 34610035 PMCID: PMC8491912 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hunter harvest is a potential factor contributing to population declines of sage-grouse (Centrocercus spp.). As a result, wildlife agencies throughout western North America have set increasingly more conservative harvest regulations over the past 25 years to reduce or eliminate hunter success and concomitant numbers of harvested greater (C. urophasianus) and Gunnison (C. minimus) sage-grouse. Sage-grouse hunting has varied widely over time and space, which has made a comprehensive summary of hunting management challenging. We compiled data on harvest regulations among 11 western U.S. states and 2 Canadian provinces from 1870–2019 to create a timeline representative of hunting regulations. We compared annual harvest boundaries and area-weighted average hunting regulations, 1995–2018, relative to administrative boundaries and areas of high probability of sage-grouse occupation. We also summarized estimated numbers of birds harvested and hunters afield, 1995–2018, across both species’ ranges. From 1995–2018, there was a 30% reduction in administrative harvest boundaries across the greater sage-grouse range compared to a 16.6% reduction in area open to harvest within 8 km from active leks. Temporary closures occurred in response to wildfires, disease outbreaks, low population numbers, and two research projects; whereas, permanent closures primarily occurred in small populations and areas on the periphery of the species distribution. Similarly, area-weighted possession limits and season length for greater sage-grouse decreased 52.6% and 61.0%, respectively, while season start date stayed relatively stable (mean start date ~259 [mid-September]). In contrast, hunting of the now federally-threatened Gunnison sage-grouse ended after 1999. While restrictions in harvest regulations were large in area, closures near areas of high greater sage-grouse occupancy were relatively smaller with the same trend for Gunnison sage-grouse until hunting ceased. For greater sage-grouse, most states reduced bag and possession limits and appeared to adhere to recommendations for later and shorter hunting seasons, reducing potential for additive mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan B Dinkins
- Department of Animal and Rangeland Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America.,Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, United States of America
| | - Courtney J Duchardt
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, United States of America
| | - Jacob D Hennig
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey L Beck
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, United States of America
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Dytham C, Thom MDF. Population fragmentation drives up genetic diversity in signals of individual identity. OIKOS 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.06743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael D. F. Thom
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, Univ. of Plymouth PL4 8AA Plymouth UK
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10
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The Genetic Differentiation of Common Toads on UK Farmland: The Effect of Straight-Line (Euclidean) Distance and Isolation by Barriers in a Heterogeneous Environment. J HERPETOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1670/19-039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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O'Donnell MS, Edmunds DR, Aldridge CL, Heinrichs JA, Coates PS, Prochazka BG, Hanser SE. Designing multi‐scale hierarchical monitoring frameworks for wildlife to support management: a sage‐grouse case study. Ecosphere 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michael S. O'Donnell
- U.S. Geological Survey Fort Collins Science Center Fort Collins Colorado 80526 USA
| | - David R. Edmunds
- Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory Colorado State University, in cooperation with the Fort Collins Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey Fort Collins Colorado 80526 USA
| | - Cameron L. Aldridge
- Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory Department of Ecosystem Science and Sustainability Colorado State University, in cooperation with the Fort Collins Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey Fort Collins Colorado 80526 USA
| | - Julie A. Heinrichs
- Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory Colorado State University, in cooperation with the Fort Collins Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey Fort Collins Colorado 80526 USA
| | - Peter S. Coates
- U.S. Geological Survey Western Ecological Research Center Dixon California 95620 USA
| | - Brian G. Prochazka
- U.S. Geological Survey Western Ecological Research Center Dixon California 95620 USA
| | - Steve E. Hanser
- U.S. Geological Survey Ecosystems Mission Area Reston VA 20192 USA
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12
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Cross TB, Schwartz MK, Naugle DE, Fedy BC, Row JR, Oyler‐McCance SJ. The genetic network of greater sage-grouse: Range-wide identification of keystone hubs of connectivity. Ecol Evol 2018; 8:5394-5412. [PMID: 29938061 PMCID: PMC6010832 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.4056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic networks can characterize complex genetic relationships among groups of individuals, which can be used to rank nodes most important to the overall connectivity of the system. Ranking allows scarce resources to be guided toward nodes integral to connectivity. The greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) is a species of conservation concern that breeds on spatially discrete leks that must remain connected by genetic exchange for population persistence. We genotyped 5,950 individuals from 1,200 greater sage-grouse leks distributed across the entire species' geographic range. We found a small-world network composed of 458 nodes connected by 14,481 edges. This network was composed of hubs-that is, nodes facilitating gene flow across the network-and spokes-that is, nodes where connectivity is served by hubs. It is within these hubs that the greatest genetic diversity was housed. Using indices of network centrality, we identified hub nodes of greatest conservation importance. We also identified keystone nodes with elevated centrality despite low local population size. Hub and keystone nodes were found across the entire species' contiguous range, although nodes with elevated importance to network-wide connectivity were found more central: especially in northeastern, central, and southwestern Wyoming and eastern Idaho. Nodes among which genes are most readily exchanged were mostly located in Montana and northern Wyoming, as well as Utah and eastern Nevada. The loss of hub or keystone nodes could lead to the disintegration of the network into smaller, isolated subnetworks. Protecting both hub nodes and keystone nodes will conserve genetic diversity and should maintain network connections to ensure a resilient and viable population over time. Our analysis shows that network models can be used to model gene flow, offering insights into its pattern and process, with application to prioritizing landscapes for conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd B. Cross
- USDA Forest ServiceNational Genomics Center for Wildlife and Fish ConservationRocky Mountain Research StationMissoulaMontana
- College of Forestry and ConservationUniversity of MontanaMissoulaMontana
| | - Michael K. Schwartz
- USDA Forest ServiceNational Genomics Center for Wildlife and Fish ConservationRocky Mountain Research StationMissoulaMontana
| | - David E. Naugle
- College of Forestry and ConservationUniversity of MontanaMissoulaMontana
| | - Brad C. Fedy
- School of Environment, Resources and SustainabilityUniversity of WaterlooWaterlooONCanada
| | - Jeffrey R. Row
- School of Environment, Resources and SustainabilityUniversity of WaterlooWaterlooONCanada
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13
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Karamanlidis AA, Skrbinšek T, de Gabriel Hernando M, Krambokoukis L, Munoz-Fuentes V, Bailey Z, Nowak C, Stronen AV. History-driven population structure and asymmetric gene flow in a recovering large carnivore at the rear-edge of its European range. Heredity (Edinb) 2018; 120:168-182. [PMID: 29225354 PMCID: PMC5837125 DOI: 10.1038/s41437-017-0031-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the mechanisms and patterns involved in population recoveries is challenging and important in shaping conservation strategies. We used a recovering rear-edge population of brown bears at their southernmost European range in Greece as a case study (2007-2010) to explore the recovery genetics at a species' distribution edge. We used 17 microsatellite and a mitochondrial markers to evaluate genetic structure, estimate effective population size and genetic diversity, and infer gene flow between the identified subpopulations. To understand the larger picture, we also compared the observed genetic diversity of each subpopulation with other brown bear populations in the region. The results indicate that the levels of genetic diversity for bears in western Greece are the lowest recorded in southeastern Europe, but still higher than those of other genetically depauperate bear populations. Apart from a complete separation of bear populations in eastern and western Greece, our results also indicate a considerable genetic sub-structuring in the West. As bear populations in Greece are now recovering, this structure is dissolving through a "recovery cascade" of asymmetric gene flow from South to North between neighboring subpopulations, mediated mainly by males. Our study outlines the importance of small, persisting populations, which can act as "stepping stones" that enable a rapid population expansion and recovery. This in turn makes their importance much greater than their numeric or genetic contribution to a species as a whole.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Karamanlidis
- ARCTUROS-Civil Society for the Protection and Management of Wildlife and the Natural Environment, Aetos, 53075, Florina, Greece.
- Department of Ecology and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, NO-1432, Ås, Norway.
| | - T Skrbinšek
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 111, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | - L Krambokoukis
- ARCTUROS-Civil Society for the Protection and Management of Wildlife and the Natural Environment, Aetos, 53075, Florina, Greece
| | - V Munoz-Fuentes
- Conservation Genetics Section, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Clamecystrasse 12, 63571, Gelnhausen, Germany
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Z Bailey
- Conservation Genetics Section, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Clamecystrasse 12, 63571, Gelnhausen, Germany
| | - C Nowak
- Conservation Genetics Section, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Clamecystrasse 12, 63571, Gelnhausen, Germany
| | - A V Stronen
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Frederik Bajers Vej 7H, DK-9220, Aalborg Øst, Denmark
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14
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Newton RE, Tack JD, Carlson JC, Matchett MR, Fargey PJ, Naugle DE. Longest sage-grouse migratory behavior sustained by intact pathways. J Wildl Manage 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.21274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca E. Newton
- Wildlife Biology Program; University of Montana; 32 Campus Drive Missoula MT 59812 USA
| | - Jason D. Tack
- Wildlife Biology Program; University of Montana; 32 Campus Drive Missoula MT 59812 USA
| | - John C. Carlson
- Montana/Dakotas State Office; Bureau of Land Management; 5001 Southgate Drive Billings MT 59101 USA
| | - Marc R. Matchett
- Charles M. Russell National Wildlife Refuge; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; 333 Airport Road Lewistown MT 59457 USA
| | - Pat J. Fargey
- Alberta Fish and Wildlife Policy Branch; Edmonton Alberta T5K 2M4 Canada
| | - David E. Naugle
- Wildlife Biology Program; University of Montana; 32 Campus Drive Missoula MT 59812 USA
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15
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Olah G, Heinsohn RG, Brightsmith DJ, Peakall R. The application of non-invasive genetic tagging reveals new insights into the clay lick use by macaws in the Peruvian Amazon. CONSERV GENET 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-017-0954-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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16
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Pironon S, Papuga G, Villellas J, Angert AL, García MB, Thompson JD. Geographic variation in genetic and demographic performance: new insights from an old biogeographical paradigm. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2016; 92:1877-1909. [DOI: 10.1111/brv.12313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Pironon
- Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología (IPE-CSIC); Box 1005 avenida Montañana 50059 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Guillaume Papuga
- UMR 5175 Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, CNRS; Box 1019 route de Mende 34090 Montpellier France
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Natura e del Territorio; Università degli Studi di Sassari; Box 21 Piazza Universitá 07100 Sassari Italy
| | - Jesús Villellas
- Department of Biology; Duke University; Box 90338 Durham NC 27708-0338 U.S.A
| | - Amy L. Angert
- Departments of Botany and Zoology; University of British Columbia; Box 4200-6270 University Boulevard, Vancouver V6T 1Z4 Canada
| | - María B. García
- Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología (IPE-CSIC); Box 1005 avenida Montañana 50059 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - John D. Thompson
- UMR 5175 Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, CNRS; Box 1019 route de Mende 34090 Montpellier France
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17
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Macfarlane CBA, Natola L, Brown MW, Burg TM. Population genetic isolation and limited connectivity in the purple finch ( Haemorhous purpureus). Ecol Evol 2016; 6:8304-8317. [PMID: 27878097 PMCID: PMC5108279 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.2524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Using a combination of mitochondrial and z-linked sequences, microsatellite data, and spatio-geographic modeling, we examined historical and contemporary factors influencing the population genetic structure of the purple finch (Haemorhous purpureus). Mitochondrial DNA data show the presence of two distinct groups corresponding to the two subspecies, H. p. purpureus and H. p. californicus. The two subspecies likely survived in separate refugia during the last glacial maximum, one on the Pacific Coast and one east of the Rocky Mountains, and now remain distinct lineages with little evidence of gene flow between them. Southwestern British Columbia is a notable exception, as subspecies mixing between central British Columbia and Vancouver Island populations suggests a possible contact zone in this region. Z-linked data support two mitochondrial groups; however, Coastal Oregon and central British Columbia sites show evidence of mixing. Contemporary population structure based on microsatellite data identified at least six genetic clusters: three H. p. purpureus clusters, two H. p. californicus clusters, and one mixed cluster, which likely resulted from high site fidelity and isolation by distance, combined with sexual selection on morphological characters reinforcing subspecies differences.
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18
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Row JR, Oyler-McCance SJ, Fedy BC. Differential influences of local subpopulations on regional diversity and differentiation for greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus). Mol Ecol 2016; 25:4424-37. [PMID: 27483196 DOI: 10.1111/mec.13776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Revised: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The distribution of spatial genetic variation across a region can shape evolutionary dynamics and impact population persistence. Local population dynamics and among-population dispersal rates are strong drivers of this spatial genetic variation, yet for many species we lack a clear understanding of how these population processes interact in space to shape within-species genetic variation. Here, we used extensive genetic and demographic data from 10 subpopulations of greater sage-grouse to parameterize a simulated approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) model and (i) test for regional differences in population density and dispersal rates for greater sage-grouse subpopulations in Wyoming, and (ii) quantify how these differences impact subpopulation regional influence on genetic variation. We found a close match between observed and simulated data under our parameterized model and strong variation in density and dispersal rates across Wyoming. Sensitivity analyses suggested that changes in dispersal (via landscape resistance) had a greater influence on regional differentiation, whereas changes in density had a greater influence on mean diversity across all subpopulations. Local subpopulations, however, varied in their regional influence on genetic variation. Decreases in the size and dispersal rates of central populations with low overall and net immigration (i.e. population sources) had the greatest negative impact on genetic variation. Overall, our results provide insight into the interactions among demography, dispersal and genetic variation and highlight the potential of ABC to disentangle the complexity of regional population dynamics and project the genetic impact of changing conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey R Row
- Environment and Resource Studies, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, N2L 3G1.
| | | | - Bradley C Fedy
- Environment and Resource Studies, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, N2L 3G1
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19
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Hierarchical population structure in greater sage-grouse provides insight into management boundary delineation. CONSERV GENET 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-016-0872-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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20
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Jahner JP, Gibson D, Weitzman CL, Blomberg EJ, Sedinger JS, Parchman TL. Fine-scale genetic structure among greater sage-grouse leks in central Nevada. BMC Evol Biol 2016; 16:127. [PMID: 27301494 PMCID: PMC4908695 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-016-0702-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mating systems that reduce dispersal and lead to non-random mating might increase the potential for genetic structure to arise at fine geographic scales. Greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) have a lek-based mating system and exhibit high site fidelity and skewed mating ratios. We quantified population structure by analyzing variation at 27,866 single-nucleotide polymorphisms in 140 males from ten leks (within five lek complexes) occurring in a small geographic region in central Nevada. Results Lek complexes, and to a lesser extent individual leks, formed statistically identifiable clusters in ordination analyses, providing evidence for fine-scale geographic genetic differentiation. Lek geography predicted genetic differentiation even at a small geographic scale, which could be sharpened by strong site fidelity. Relatedness was also higher among individuals within lek complexes (and leks), suggesting that reproductive skew, where few males participate in most of the successful matings, could also potentially contribute to genetic differentiation. Models incorporating a habitat resistance surface as a proxy for potentially reduced movement due to landscape features indicated that both geographic distance and habitat suitability (i.e. preferred habitat) predicted genetic structure, with no significant effect of man-made barriers to movement (i.e. power lines and roads). Finally, we illustrate how data sets containing fewer loci (<4000) had less statistical precision and failed to detect the full degree of genetic structure. Conclusion Our results suggest that habitat features and lek site geography of sage-grouse shape fine scale genetic structure, and highlight how larger data sets can have increased precision and accuracy for quantifying ecologically relevant genetic structure over small geographic scales. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12862-016-0702-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua P Jahner
- Program in Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, 89557, USA. .,Department of Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, 89557, USA.
| | - Daniel Gibson
- Program in Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, 89557, USA.,Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, 89557, USA
| | - Chava L Weitzman
- Program in Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, 89557, USA.,Department of Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, 89557, USA
| | - Erik J Blomberg
- Program in Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, 89557, USA.,Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, 89557, USA.,Department of Wildlife, Fisheries, and Conservation Biology, University of Maine, Orono, ME, 04469, USA
| | - James S Sedinger
- Program in Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, 89557, USA.,Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, 89557, USA
| | - Thomas L Parchman
- Program in Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, 89557, USA.,Department of Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, 89557, USA
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21
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Barn owls (Tyto alba) in western North America: phylogeographic structure, connectivity, and genetic diversity. CONSERV GENET 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-015-0787-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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22
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Xenikoudakis G, Ersmark E, Tison JL, Waits L, Kindberg J, Swenson JE, Dalén L. Consequences of a demographic bottleneck on genetic structure and variation in the Scandinavian brown bear. Mol Ecol 2015; 24:3441-54. [PMID: 26042479 DOI: 10.1111/mec.13239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Revised: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The Scandinavian brown bear went through a major decline in population size approximately 100 years ago, due to intense hunting. After being protected, the population subsequently recovered and today numbers in the thousands. The genetic diversity in the contemporary population has been investigated in considerable detail, and it has been shown that the population consists of several subpopulations that display relatively high levels of genetic variation. However, previous studies have been unable to resolve the degree to which the demographic bottleneck impacted the contemporary genetic structure and diversity. In this study, we used mitochondrial and microsatellite DNA markers from pre- and postbottleneck Scandinavian brown bear samples to investigate the effect of the bottleneck. Simulation and multivariate analysis suggested the same genetic structure for the historical and modern samples, which are clustered into three subpopulations in southern, central and northern Scandinavia. However, the southern subpopulation appears to have gone through a marked change in allele frequencies. When comparing the mitochondrial DNA diversity in the whole population, we found a major decline in haplotype numbers across the bottleneck. However, the loss of autosomal genetic diversity was less pronounced, although a significant decline in allelic richness was observed in the southern subpopulation. Approximate Bayesian computations provided clear support for a decline in effective population size during the bottleneck, in both the southern and northern subpopulations. These results have implications for the future management of the Scandinavian brown bear because they indicate a recent loss in genetic diversity and also that the current genetic structure may have been caused by historical ecological processes rather than recent anthropogenic persecution.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Xenikoudakis
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genetics, Swedish Museum of Natural History, SE-10405, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - E Ersmark
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genetics, Swedish Museum of Natural History, SE-10405, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J-L Tison
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genetics, Swedish Museum of Natural History, SE-10405, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - L Waits
- Department of Fish and Wildlife Sciences, University of Idaho, 875 Perimeter Drive MS 1136, Moscow, ID, 83844, USA
| | - J Kindberg
- Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-90183, Umeå, Sweden
| | - J E Swenson
- Department of Ecology and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, NO-1432, Ås, Norway.,Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, PO Box 5685 Sluppen, NO-7485, Trondheim, Norway
| | - L Dalén
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genetics, Swedish Museum of Natural History, SE-10405, Stockholm, Sweden
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23
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Graham CF, Glenn TC, McArthur AG, Boreham DR, Kieran T, Lance S, Manzon RG, Martino JA, Pierson T, Rogers SM, Wilson JY, Somers CM. Impacts of degraded
DNA
on restriction enzyme associated
DNA
sequencing (
RADS
eq). Mol Ecol Resour 2015; 15:1304-15. [DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.12404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Revised: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carly F. Graham
- Department of Biology University of Regina Regina Saskatchewan S4S 0A2 Canada
| | - Travis C. Glenn
- College of Public Health University of Georgia Athens GA 30602 USA
| | - Andrew G. McArthur
- M.G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences DeGroote School of Medicine McMaster University 1280 Main Street West Hamilton Ontario L8S 4K1 Canada
| | - Douglas R. Boreham
- Medical Sciences Northern Ontario School of Medicine Greater Sudbury Ontario P0M Canada
| | - Troy Kieran
- College of Public Health University of Georgia Athens GA 30602 USA
| | - Stacey Lance
- Savannah River Ecology Laboratory University of Georgia Athens GA 30602 USA
| | - Richard G. Manzon
- Department of Biology University of Regina Regina Saskatchewan S4S 0A2 Canada
| | - Jessica A. Martino
- Department of Biology University of Regina Regina Saskatchewan S4S 0A2 Canada
| | - Todd Pierson
- College of Public Health University of Georgia Athens GA 30602 USA
| | - Sean M. Rogers
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Calgary Calgary Alberta T2N 1N4 Canada
| | - Joanna Y. Wilson
- Department of Biology McMaster University Hamilton Ontario L8S 4M1 Canada
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24
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Leung MY, Paszkowski C, Russell A. Genetic structure of the endangered Greater Short-horned Lizard (Phrynosoma hernandesi) in Canada: evidence from mitochondrial and nuclear genes. CAN J ZOOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1139/cjz-2014-0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The northern edge of the range of the Greater Short-horned Lizard (Phrynosoma hernandesi Girard, 1858) occurs in western Canada, where the species has “endangered” status and exhibits a patchy distribution. Phylogenetic inference and genetic analyses were employed to investigate the genetic structure of P. hernandesi throughout its Canadian range. One nuclear and two mitochondrial DNA genes were sequenced from 94 lizard tail tips. Overall, sequences from lizards from both Alberta and Saskatchewan displayed very little variability, and the consistent clustering of all the P. hernandesi mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences from Canada in both phylogenetic and population genetic analyses is consistent with the lizards from all sampled localities having originated from a single glacial refugium, and with being, until recently (or currently) interconnected genetically. The genetic data obtained so far furnish no information useful for interpreting the species’ present-day patchy distribution patterns or for formulating conservation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M.N.-Y. Leung
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive Northwest, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - C.A. Paszkowski
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, 116 Street and 85th Avenue, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - A.P. Russell
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive Northwest, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
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25
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Hoehn M, Dimond W, Osborne W, Sarre SD. Genetic analysis reveals the costs of peri-urban development for the endangered grassland earless dragon. CONSERV GENET 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-013-0515-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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26
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Bird KL, Aldridge CL, Carpenter JE, Paszkowski CA, Boyce MS, Coltman DW. The secret sex lives of sage-grouse: multiple paternity and intraspecific nest parasitism revealed through genetic analysis. Behav Ecol 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/ars132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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27
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Morinha F, Cabral J, Bastos E. Molecular sexing of birds: A comparative review of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based methods. Theriogenology 2012; 78:703-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2012.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2012] [Revised: 04/18/2012] [Accepted: 04/26/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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28
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Greater sage-grouseCentrocercus urophasianusmigration links the USA and Canada: a biological basis for international prairie conservation. ORYX 2011. [DOI: 10.1017/s003060531000147x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractMigratory pathways in North American prairies are critical for sustaining endemic biodiversity. Fragmentation and loss of habitat by an encroaching human footprint has extirpated and severely truncated formerly large movements by prairie wildlife populations. Greater sage-grouseCentrocercus urophasianus, a Near Threatened landscape species requiring vast tracts of intact sagebrushArtemisiaspp., exhibit varied migratory strategies across their range in response to the spatial composition of available habitats. We unexpectedly documented the longest migratory event ever observed in sage-grouse (> 120 km one way) in 2007–2009 while studying demography of a population at the north-east edge of their range. Movements that encompassed 6,687 km2included individuals using distinct spring and summer ranges and then freely intermixing on the winter range in what is probably an obligate, annual event. The fate of greater sage-grouse in Canada is in part dependent on habitat conservation in the USA because this population spans an international border. Expanding agricultural tillage and development of oil and gas fields threaten to sever connectivity for this imperilled population. Science can help delineate high priority conservation areas but the fate of landscapes ultimately depends on international partnerships implementing conservation at scales relevant to prairie wildlife.
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