1
|
Valladares MA, Fabres AA, Sánchez-Rodríguez F, Collado GA, Méndez MA. Population structure and microscale morphological differentiation in a freshwater snail from the Chilean Altiplano. BMC Ecol Evol 2024; 24:5. [PMID: 38184553 PMCID: PMC10770964 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-023-02196-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The diversity and population genetic structure of many species have been shaped by historical and contemporary climatic changes. For the species of the South American Altiplano, the historical climatic changes are mainly related to the wet events of great magnitude and regional influence that occurred during the Pleistocene climatic oscillations (PCOs). In contrast, contemporary climate changes are associated with events of lesser magnitude and local influence related to intensifications of the South American Summer Monsoon (SASM). Although multiple studies have analyzed the effect of PCOs on the genetic patterns of highland aquatic species, little is known about the impact of contemporary climate changes in recent evolutionary history. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the change in population structure and connectivity using nuclear and mitochondrial markers throughout the distribution range of Heleobia ascotanensis, a freshwater Cochliopidae endemic to the Ascotán Saltpan. In addition, using geometric morphometric analyses, we evaluated the concomitance of genetic divergence and morphological differentiation. RESULTS The mitochondrial sequence analysis results revealed the presence of highly divergent co-distributed and geographically nested haplotypes. This pattern reflects an extension in the distribution of groups that previously would have differentiated allopatrically. These changes in distribution would have covered the entire saltpan and would be associated with the large-scale wet events of the PCOs. On the other hand, the microsatellite results defined five spatially isolated populations, separated primarily by geographic barriers. Contemporary gene flow analyses suggest that post-PCO, climatic events that would have connected all populations did not occur. The morphometric analyses results indicate that there is significant morphological differentiation in the populations that are more isolated and that present the greatest genetic divergence. CONCLUSIONS The contemporary population structure and morphological variation of H. ascotanensis mainly reflect the post-PCO climatic influence. Although both markers exhibit high genetic structuring, the microsatellite and morphology results show the preponderant influence of fragmentation in recent evolutionary history. The contemporary genetic pattern shows that in species that have limited dispersal capabilities, genetic discontinuities can appear rapidly, erasing signs of historical connectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moisés A Valladares
- Laboratorio de Biología Evolutiva, Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Grupo de Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (GBCG), Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chillán, Chile
| | - Alejandra A Fabres
- Laboratorio de Genética y Evolución, Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Fernanda Sánchez-Rodríguez
- Laboratorio de Genética y Evolución, Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gonzalo A Collado
- Grupo de Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (GBCG), Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chillán, Chile
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chillán, Chile
| | - Marco A Méndez
- Laboratorio de Genética y Evolución, Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
- Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability (CAPES), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity (IEB), Faculty of Sciences, University of Chile, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
- Universidad de Magallanes, Puerto Williams, Chile.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Valladares MA, Fabres AA, Collado GA, Sáez PA, Méndez MA. Coping With Dynamism: Phylogenetics and Phylogeographic Analyses Reveal Cryptic Diversity in Heleobia Snails of Atacama Saltpan, Chile. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.869626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The species that inhabit systems highly affected by anthropic activities usually exhibit this external influence in their gene pool. In this study, we investigated the genetic patterns of populations of Heleobia atacamensis, a freshwater microgastropod endemic to the Atacama Saltpan, a system historically exposed to environmental changes, and currently subjected to conditions associated with metallic and non-metallic mining and other anthropic activities. Molecular analyses based on nuclear and mitochondrial sequences indicate that the saltpan populations are highly fragmented and that the genetic structure is mainly explained by historical geographic isolation, with little influence of contemporary factors. The microsatellite results suggest a moderate genetic diversity and sharp differentiation mediated by isolation by distance. Additionally, despite the high environmental heterogeneity detected and the marked historical dynamism of the region, our data reveal no signs of demographic instability. The patterns of contemporary gene flow suggest a change in the current genetic structure, based on the geographic proximity and specific environmental conditions for each population. Our results, highlight the role of fragmentation as a modulator of genetic diversity, but also suggest that the historical persistence of isolated populations in naturally dynamic environments could explain the apparent demographic stability detected.
Collapse
|
3
|
Cárcamo-Tejer V, Vila I, Llanquín-Rosas F, Sáez-Arteaga A, Guerrero-Jiménez C. Phylogeography of high Andean killifishes Orestias (Teleostei: Cyprinodontidae) in Caquena and Lauca sub-basins of the Altiplano (Chile): mitochondrial and nuclear analysis of an endangered fish. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11917. [PMID: 34484986 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
From the early Miocene, the uplift of the Andes Mountains, intense volcanic activity and the occurrence of successive periods of dryness and humidity would have differentially influenced the modification of Altiplano watersheds, and consequently the evolutionary history of the taxa that live there. We analyzed Orestias populations from the Caquena and Lauca Altiplanic sub-basins of northern Chile to determine their genetic differentiation and relationship to their geographical distribution using mitochondrial (D-loop) and nuclear (microsatellite) molecular markers and to reconstruct its biogeographic history on these sub-basins. The results allowed reconstructing and reevaluating the evolutionary history of the genus in the area; genic diversity and differentiation together with different founding genetic groups suggest that Orestias have been spread homogeneously in the study area and would have experienced local disturbances that promoted isolation and diversification in restricted zones of their distribution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Violeta Cárcamo-Tejer
- Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Región Metropolitana, Chile
| | - Irma Vila
- Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Región Metropolitana, Chile
| | - Francisco Llanquín-Rosas
- Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Región Metropolitana, Chile
| | - Alberto Sáez-Arteaga
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Temuco, Región de la Araucanía, Chile
| | - Claudia Guerrero-Jiménez
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Temuco, Región de la Araucanía, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Meng F, Chen J, Miao Z, Zhu K, Huang Y, Wang Q, Liu B, Liu Y. Phylogenetic analysis of the complete mitochondrial genome of Orestias ascotanensis (Cyprinodontiformes, Cyprinodontidae). Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2019; 4:3884-3885. [PMID: 33366234 PMCID: PMC7707391 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1687033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The complete mitochondrial genome of this species was first determined in this study, which is 16,617 bp in length, containing 13 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNA genes, 22 tRNA genes, a putative control region, and 1 origin of replication on the light-strand. The overall base composition includes C(27.11%), A(26.68%), T(29.15%), G(17.04%) and three degenerate bases are R, R and S. Moreover, the 13 PCGs encode 3800 amino acids in total, 12 of which use the initiation codon ATG except COI that uses GTG. Most of them have TAA as the stop codon, whereas ND5 ends with AGA, four protein-coding genes (ND1, ND2, ND3 and Cytb) ended with TAG, and two protein-coding genes (COII and ND4) ended with the incomplete stop codon represented as a single T. The phylogenetic tree based on the Neighbor Joining method was constructed to provide relationship within Cyprinodontidae, which could be a useful basis for management of this species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Meng
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China
- National Engineering Laboratory of Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Jian Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory of Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Zengliang Miao
- National Engineering Laboratory of Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Kehua Zhu
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China
- National Engineering Laboratory of Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Youkun Huang
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China
- National Engineering Laboratory of Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Qi Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China
- National Engineering Laboratory of Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Bingjian Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China
- National Engineering Laboratory of Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Yifan Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China
- National Engineering Laboratory of Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Blanton RE, Cashner MF, Thomas MR, Brandt SL, Floyd MA. Increased habitat fragmentation leads to isolation among and low genetic diversity within populations of the imperiled Kentucky Arrow Darter (Etheostoma sagitta spilotum). CONSERV GENET 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-019-01188-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
6
|
Valladares MA, Méndez MA, Collado GA. Influenced but not determined by historical events: genetic, demographic and morphological differentiation in Heleobia ascotanensis from the Chilean Altiplano. PeerJ 2018; 6:e5802. [PMID: 30588392 PMCID: PMC6301281 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we focus on the phylogeographic pattern, demographic history and morphological differentiation of Heleobia ascotanensis, a freshwater gastropod restricted to the Ascotán saltpan in the Chilean Altiplano. The current distribution of the species is limited to twelve isolated or partially isolated springs that were affected by transitions between humid and arid periods during last glaciations. The genetic analysis of 322 specimens showed that H. ascotanensis is subdivided into three genetically divergent populations, with low and moderate degrees of historical gene flow among them and incipient morphological differentiation as a consequence of genetic and geographical isolation. Molecular analyses revealed different demographic histories among populations which seem to respond independently to climatic events, probably due to an environmental imposition and idiosyncratic strategies developed to cope with water availability. The results of this study and co-distributed taxa support the hypothesis that contemporary and historical events have influenced microevolutionary differentiation of these snails, although there is a need to complement further information to predict genetic or morphological divergence at microgeographic scale.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moisés A Valladares
- Laboratorio de Genética y Evolución, Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Región Metropolitana, Chile
| | - Marco A Méndez
- Laboratorio de Genética y Evolución, Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Región Metropolitana, Chile
| | - Gonzalo A Collado
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chillán, Región del Bío-Bío, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Vargas-Ortiz M, Bobadilla D, Huanca-Mamani W, Vargas HA. Genetic divergence of isolated populations of the native micromoth Bucculatrix mirnae (Lepidoptera: Bucculatricidae) in the arid environments of Northern Chile. Mitochondrial DNA A DNA Mapp Seq Anal 2017; 29:1139-1147. [PMID: 29272986 DOI: 10.1080/24701394.2017.1419215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Analysis of maternally inherited genes is especially helpful in population studies of host-specialized insects, as female dispersal is key to find an adequate host plant to ensure larval survival. Bucculatrix mirnae (Lepidoptera: Bucculatricidae) is a little-known Neotropical micromoth native to the arid environments of northern Chile whose hypermetamorphic larvae are miners and skeletonizers on leaves of two species of Baccharis (Asteraceae) shrubs. This micromoth has been detected in three isolated locations embracing a narrow geographic range: two from the coastal valleys of the Atacama Desert near sea level and one from the western slopes of the Andes at about 3000 m elevation. As the dispersal of B. mirnae is mostly restricted to the small adult stage, the altitudinal gradient and desert areas among the three localities could be effective barriers, triggering genetic differentiation among populations. Sequences of the DNA barcode fragment of the cytocrome oxidase subunit I mitochondrial gene were analyzed to assess for the first time the patterns of genetic variation of B. mirnae. Fifteen haplotypes, each exclusive to one locality, were found in the 71 specimens analyzed. Genetic divergence (K2P) between haplotypes of different localities was at least 2.0%. A Bayesian analysis with sequences of congeneric species grouped all the B. mirnae haplotypes in a clade, in which three well-supported locality-specific haplogroups were found. In concordance with this pattern, an analysis of molecular variance showed that the highest genetic variation was found among populations. Furthermore, all the population pairwise comparisons (FST) were significant. These results suggest that female migration between isolated populations of B. mirnae is absent. This pattern must be considered in the current scenario of habitat destruction and modification in the arid environments of northern Chile.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Vargas-Ortiz
- a PPG Biologia Animal, Departamento de Zoologia , Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil.,b Departamento de Recursos Ambientales, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas , Universidad de Tarapacá , Arica , Chile
| | - Dante Bobadilla
- b Departamento de Recursos Ambientales, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas , Universidad de Tarapacá , Arica , Chile
| | - Wilson Huanca-Mamani
- c Departamento de Producción Agrícola, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas , Universidad de Tarapacá , Arica , Chile
| | - Héctor A Vargas
- b Departamento de Recursos Ambientales, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas , Universidad de Tarapacá , Arica , Chile
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Arratia G, Vila I, Lam N, Guerrero CJ, Quezada-Romegialli C. Morphological and taxonomic descriptions of a new genus and species of killifishes (Teleostei: Cyprinodontiformes) from the high Andes of northern Chile. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0181989. [PMID: 28792510 PMCID: PMC5549709 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A new genus and species, Pseudorestias lirimensis, is described from the southern part of the Chilean Altiplano. While sharing several characters that clearly align the new species with Orestias, this new fish is characterized by numerous autapomorphies: the Meckel cartilage is a continuous cartilage that broadly expands posteriorly (in large specimens, it keeps its anterior part and is resorbed posteriorly), the basibranchials are fused into one long element, the second pharyngobranchial is not displaced dorsally over pharyngobranchial tooth plate 3+4, but they are aligned, the anterior and posterior ceratohyals are closely articulated keeping a scarce amount of cartilage between both bones and ventral to them, ossified middle and distal dorsal radials are present in females as well as ossified middle and distal anal radials. Pseudorestias lirimensis presents strong sexual dimorphism associated to size. Females are almost twice as large and long than males, neuromast lines are absent in males, a mesethmoid is present in males, squamation on head is reduced in males, and ossified middle and distal radial of dorsal fin are cartilaginous in males. Pseudorestias and Orestias are suggested as the sole members of the tribe Orestiini. A list of characters diagnosing the tribe is provided. The presence of the new genus is interpreted as a possible result of the ecosystem isolation where the fish is living from surrounding basins-as early as possibly from the Miocene-Pliocene times-and its physical and chemical characteristics. Small populations, living conditions, small habitat, and reduced distribution make this species a strong candidate to be considered critically endangered, a situation already established for all other Chilean species living in the Altiplano. There is high probability it will become extinct due to water demands and climate change in the region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Arratia
- Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Irma Vila
- Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Natalia Lam
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudia Jimena Guerrero
- Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Iberoamericana Ciencia y Tecnología, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudio Quezada-Romegialli
- Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Instituto de Ciencias Naturales Alexander von Humboldt, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Araya-Jaime C, Lam N, Pinto IV, Méndez MA, Iturra P. Chromosomal organization of four classes of repetitive DNA sequences in killifish Orestias ascotanensis Parenti, 1984 (Cyprinodontiformes, Cyprinodontidae). COMPARATIVE CYTOGENETICS 2017; 11:463-475. [PMID: 29093798 PMCID: PMC5646654 DOI: 10.3897/compcytogen.v11i3.11729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Orestias Valenciennes, 1839 is a genus of freshwater fish endemic to the South American Altiplano. Cytogenetic studies of these species have focused on conventional karyotyping. The aim of this study was to use classical and molecular cytogenetic methods to identify the constitutive heterochromatin distribution and chromosome organization of four classes of repetitive DNA sequences (histone H3 DNA, U2 snRNA, 18S rDNA and 5S rDNA) in the chromosomes of O. ascotanensis Parenti, 1984, an endemic species restricted to the Salar de Ascotán in the Chilean Altiplano. All individuals analyzed had a diploid number of 48 chromosomes. C-banding identified constitutive heterochromatin mainly in the pericentromeric region of most chromosomes, especially a GC-rich heterochromatic block of the short arm of pair 3. FISH assay with an 18S probe confirmed the location of the NOR in pair 3 and revealed that the minor rDNA cluster occurs interstitially on the long arm of pair 2. Dual FISH identified a single block of U2 snDNA sequences in the pericentromeric regions of a subtelocentric chromosome pair, while histone H3 sites were observed as small signals scattered in throughout the all chromosomes. This work represents the first effort to document the physical organization of the repetitive fraction of the Orestias genome. These data will improve our understanding of the chromosomal evolution of a genus facing serious conservation problems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Araya-Jaime
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, ICBM, Programa de Genética Humana, Casilla 70061, Santiago, Chile
| | - Natalia Lam
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Chile. Santa Rosa 11315, La Pintana, Santiago, Chile
| | - Irma Vila Pinto
- Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Casilla 653, CP 780-0024, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marco A. Méndez
- Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Casilla 653, CP 780-0024, Santiago, Chile
| | - Patricia Iturra
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, ICBM, Programa de Genética Humana, Casilla 70061, Santiago, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Guerrero-Jiménez CJ, Peña F, Morales P, Méndez M, Sallaberry M, Vila I, Poulin E. Pattern of genetic differentiation of an incipient speciation process: The case of the high Andean killifish Orestias. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0170380. [PMID: 28245250 PMCID: PMC5330459 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
During the Pleistocene and Holocene, the southwest Andean Altiplano (17°-22°S) was affected by repeated fluctuations in water levels, high volcanic activity and major tectonic movements. In the early Holocene the humid Tauca phase shifted to the arid conditions that have lasted until the present, producing endorheic rivers, lakes, lagoons and wetlands. The endemic fish Orestias (Cyprinodontidae) represents a good model to observe the genetic differentiation that characterizes an incipient speciation process in allopatry since the morphospecies described inhabit a restricted geographic area, with present habitat fragmentation. The genetic diversity and population structure of four endemic morphospecies of Orestias (Cyprinodontidae) found in the Lauca National Park (LNP) analyzed with mitochondrial markers (Control Region) and eight microsatellites, revealed the existence of genetic groups that matches the fragmentation of these systems. High values of genetic and phylogeographic differentiation indices were observed between Chungará Lake and Piacota lagoon. The group composed of the Lauca River, Copapujo and Chuviri wetlands sampling sites showed a clear signal of expansion, with a star-like haplotype network. Levels of genetic differentiation were lower than in Chungará and Piacota, suggesting that these localities would have differentiated after the bottlenecks linked to the collapse of Parinacota volcano. The Parinacota sample showed a population signal that differed from the other localities revealing greater genetic diversity and a disperse network, presenting haplotypes shared with other LNP localities. A mixing pattern of the different genetic groups was evident using the microsatellite markers. The chronology of the vicariance events in LNP may indicate that the partition process of the Orestias populations was gradual. Considering this, and in view of the genetic results, we may conclude that the morphospecies from LNP are populations in ongoing differentiation process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Jimena Guerrero-Jiménez
- Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Región Metropolitana, Chile
- Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Facultad de Recursos Naturales y Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Santo Tomás, Talca, Región del Maule Chile
- Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Facultad de Recursos Naturales y Ciencias Silvoagropecuarias, Universidad Iberoamericana de Ciencias y Tecnología, Santiago, Santiago, Región Metropolitana, Chile
| | - Fabiola Peña
- Faculty of Life Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Pamela Morales
- Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Región Metropolitana, Chile
| | - Marco Méndez
- Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Región Metropolitana, Chile
| | - Michel Sallaberry
- Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Región Metropolitana, Chile
| | - Irma Vila
- Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Región Metropolitana, Chile
| | - Elie Poulin
- Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Región Metropolitana, Chile
- Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad de Chile, Universidad de Chile, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Región Metropolitana, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Pérez-Alvarez MJ, Olavarría C, Moraga R, Baker CS, Hamner RM, Poulin E. Historical dimensions of population structure in a continuously distributed marine species: The case of the endemic Chilean dolphin. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35507. [PMID: 27759113 PMCID: PMC5069719 DOI: 10.1038/srep35507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The complementarity of historical and contemporary processes contributes to understanding the genetic structure of continuously distributed marine species with high dispersal capabilities. Cephalorhynchus eutropia, has a continuous coastal distribution with strong genetic differentiation identified by nuclear DNA markers. We explored the historical dimension of this genetic differentiation between northern and southern populations to evaluate phylogeographic structure. Additionally, we conducted mtDNA and microsatellite analyses to detect past and recent demographic changes. The southern population was characterized by lower genetic diversity with a signal of population expansion, likely associated with ice retreat and habitat extension after the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). In contrast, structure within the northern population was more consistent with stable historical population size. Approximate Bayesian Computation analyses suggested that during the LGM, C. eutropia persisted in the northern area; while the south was colonized by dispersal ~11,000 years ago followed by population expansion. This study shows that Chilean dolphin population structure is consistent with predictions from the Expansion-Contraction biogeographic model, with a poleward post-glacial shift revealed in current genetic structure. The results also confirm the validity of the population units previously identified, demonstrating their historical origin and highlighting the utility of integrating genetic markers with different temporal scale resolutions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M J Pérez-Alvarez
- Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad (IEB), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile.,Centro de Investigación Eutropia, Ahumada 131 Oficina 912, Santiago, Chile
| | - C Olavarría
- Centro de Investigación Eutropia, Ahumada 131 Oficina 912, Santiago, Chile.,Fundación CEQUA, 21 de Mayo 1690, Punta Arenas, Chile.,Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Áridas (CEAZA), Raúl Bitrán1305, La Serena, Chile
| | - R Moraga
- Centro de Investigación Eutropia, Ahumada 131 Oficina 912, Santiago, Chile
| | - C S Baker
- Marine Mammal Institute and Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Oregon State University, Hatfield Marine Science Center, 2030 SE Marine Science Drive, Newport, OR 97365, USA
| | - R M Hamner
- Marine Mammal Institute and Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Oregon State University, Hatfield Marine Science Center, 2030 SE Marine Science Drive, Newport, OR 97365, USA
| | - E Poulin
- Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad (IEB), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Cruz-Jofré F, Morales P, Vila I, Esquer-Garrigos Y, Hugueny B, Gaubert P, Poulin E, Méndez MA. Geographical isolation and genetic differentiation: the case ofOrestias ascotanensis(Teleostei: Cyprinodontidae), an Andean killifish inhabiting a highland salt pan. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/bij.12704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Franco Cruz-Jofré
- Laboratorio de Genética y Evolución; Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas; Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad de Chile; Las Palmeras 3425 Casilla 653 Ñuñoa Santiago Chile
- Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria; Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Recursos Naturales; Universidad Santo Tomás; Avenida Limonares 190 Viña del Mar Chile
| | - Pamela Morales
- Laboratorio de Genética y Evolución; Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas; Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad de Chile; Las Palmeras 3425 Casilla 653 Ñuñoa Santiago Chile
| | - Irma Vila
- Laboratorio de Limnología; Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas; Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad de Chile; Las Palmeras 3425, Casilla 653 Ñuñoa Santiago Chile
| | - Yareli Esquer-Garrigos
- UMR BOREA; Département Milieux et Peuplements Aquatiques; MNHN-CNRS 7208-IRD 207-UPMC; Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle; 43 rue Cuvier 75231 Paris France
| | - Bernard Hugueny
- UMR BOREA; Département Milieux et Peuplements Aquatiques; MNHN-CNRS 7208-IRD 207-UPMC; Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle; 43 rue Cuvier 75231 Paris France
| | - Philippe Gaubert
- UMR BOREA; Département Milieux et Peuplements Aquatiques; MNHN-CNRS 7208-IRD 207-UPMC; Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle; 43 rue Cuvier 75231 Paris France
- Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (ISEM), UM2/CNRS/IRD; Université de Montpellier; Place Eugène Bataillon, CC 64 34095 Montpellier, Cedex 05 France
| | - Elie Poulin
- Laboratorio de Ecología Molecular; Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas; Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad de Chile; Las Palmeras 3425, Casilla 653 Ñuñoa Santiago Chile
- Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad (IEB), Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas; Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad de Chile; Las Palmeras 3425, Casilla 653 Ñuñoa Santiago Chile
| | - Marco A. Méndez
- Laboratorio de Genética y Evolución; Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas; Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad de Chile; Las Palmeras 3425 Casilla 653 Ñuñoa Santiago Chile
- Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad (IEB), Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas; Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad de Chile; Las Palmeras 3425, Casilla 653 Ñuñoa Santiago Chile
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Collado GA, Salinas HF, Méndez MA. Genetic, morphological, and life history traits variation in freshwater snails from extremely high environments of the Andean Altiplano. Zool Stud 2014. [DOI: 10.1186/1810-522x-53-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
14
|
Sáez PA, Fibla P, Correa C, Sallaberry M, Salinas H, Veloso A, Mella J, Iturra P, Méndez MA. A new endemic lineage of the Andean frog genusTelmatobius(Anura, Telmatobiidae) from the western slopes of the central Andes. Zool J Linn Soc 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paola A. Sáez
- Laboratorio de Genética y Evolución; Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas; Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad de Chile; Las Palmeras 3425, Ñuñoa Santiago Chile
| | - Pablo Fibla
- Laboratorio de Genética y Evolución; Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas; Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad de Chile; Las Palmeras 3425, Ñuñoa Santiago Chile
| | - Claudio Correa
- Laboratorio de Herpetología; Departamento de Zoología; Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas; Universidad de Concepción; Barrio Universitario Sin Número; Concepción Chile
| | - Michel Sallaberry
- Laboratorio de Zoología de Vertebrados; Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas; Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad de Chile; Las Palmeras 3425, Ñuñoa Santiago Chile
| | - Hugo Salinas
- Laboratorio de Genética y Evolución; Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas; Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad de Chile; Las Palmeras 3425, Ñuñoa Santiago Chile
| | - Alberto Veloso
- Laboratorio de Zoología de Vertebrados; Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas; Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad de Chile; Las Palmeras 3425, Ñuñoa Santiago Chile
| | - Jorge Mella
- Centro de Ecología Aplicada (CEA); Príncipe de Gales 6465, La Reina Santiago Chile
| | - Patricia Iturra
- Laboratorio de Citogenética y Genética Poblacional de Vertebrados; Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM); Facultad de Medicina; Universidad de Chile; Independencia 1027 Santiago Chile
| | - Marco A. Méndez
- Laboratorio de Genética y Evolución; Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas; Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad de Chile; Las Palmeras 3425, Ñuñoa Santiago Chile
- Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad (IEB); Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad de Chile; Las Palmeras 3425, Ñuñoa Santiago Chile
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Range-wide comparisons of northern leatherside chub populations reveal historical and contemporary patterns of genetic variation. CONSERV GENET 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-014-0576-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
16
|
Collado GA, Valladares MA, Méndez MA. Hidden diversity in spring snails from the Andean Altiplano, the second highest plateau on Earth, and the Atacama Desert, the driest place in the world. Zool Stud 2013. [DOI: 10.1186/1810-522x-52-50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
17
|
Collado GA, Méndez MA. Microgeographic differentiation among closely related species ofBiomphalaria(Gastropoda: Planorbidae) from the Andean Altiplano. Zool J Linn Soc 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo A. Collado
- Laboratorio de Genética y Evolución; Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad de Chile; Las Palmeras 3425, Ñuñoa Santiago Chile
| | - Marco A. Méndez
- Laboratorio de Genética y Evolución; Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad de Chile; Las Palmeras 3425, Ñuñoa Santiago Chile
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Vila I, Morales P, Scott S, Poulin E, Véliz D, Harrod C, Méndez MA. Phylogenetic and phylogeographic analysis of the genus Orestias (Teleostei: Cyprinodontidae) in the southern Chilean Altiplano: the relevance of ancient and recent divergence processes in speciation. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2013; 82:927-943. [PMID: 23464552 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.12031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2011] [Accepted: 11/20/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This study presents phylogenetic molecular data of the Chilean species of Orestias to propose an allopatric divergence hypothesis and phylogeographic evidence that suggests the relevance of abiotic factors in promoting population divergence in this complex. The results reveal that diversification is still ongoing, e.g. in the Ascotán salt pan, where populations of Orestias ascotanensis restricted to individual freshwater springs exhibit strong genetic differentiation, reflecting putative independent evolutionary units. Diversification of Orestias in the southern Altiplano may be linked to historical vicariant events and contemporary variation in water level; these processes may have affected the populations from the Plio-Pleistocene until the present.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Vila
- Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 653, Santiago, Chile
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|