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Koch JBU, Branstetter MG, Cox-Foster DL, Knoblett J, Lindsay TTT, Pitts-Singer TL, Rohde AT, Strange JP, Tobin KB. Novel Microsatellite Markers for Osmia lignaria (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae): A North American Pollinator of Agricultural Crops and Wildland Plants. JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2023; 23:1. [PMID: 36611021 PMCID: PMC9825315 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/ieac077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Comprehensive decisions on the management of commercially produced bees, depend largely on associated knowledge of genetic diversity. In this study, we present novel microsatellite markers to support the breeding, management, and conservation of the blue orchard bee, Osmia lignaria Say (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae). Native to North America, O. lignaria has been trapped from wildlands and propagated on-crop and used to pollinate certain fruit, nut, and berry crops. Harnessing the O. lignaria genome assembly, we identified 59,632 candidate microsatellite loci in silico, of which 22 were tested using molecular techniques. Of the 22 loci, 12 loci were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE), demonstrated no linkage disequilibrium (LD), and achieved low genotyping error in two Intermountain North American wild populations in Idaho and Utah, USA. We found no difference in population genetic diversity between the two populations, but there was evidence for low but significant population differentiation. Also, to determine if these markers amplify in other Osmia, we assessed 23 species across the clades apicata, bicornis, emarginata, and ribifloris. Nine loci amplified in three species/subspecies of apicata, 22 loci amplified in 11 species/subspecies of bicornis, 11 loci amplified in seven species/subspecies of emarginata, and 22 loci amplified in two species/subspecies of ribifloris. Further testing is necessary to determine the capacity of these microsatellite loci to characterize genetic diversity and structure under the assumption of HWE and LD for species beyond O. lignaria. These markers will inform the conservation and commercial use of trapped and managed O. lignaria and other Osmia species for both agricultural and nonagricultural systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael G Branstetter
- U.S. Department of Agriculture – Agricultural Research Service – Pollinating Insects Biology, Management, and Systematics Research Unit, Logan, UT 84322, USA
| | - Diana L Cox-Foster
- U.S. Department of Agriculture – Agricultural Research Service – Pollinating Insects Biology, Management, and Systematics Research Unit, Logan, UT 84322, USA
| | - Joyce Knoblett
- U.S. Department of Agriculture – Agricultural Research Service – Pollinating Insects Biology, Management, and Systematics Research Unit, Logan, UT 84322, USA
| | - Thuy-Tien Thai Lindsay
- U.S. Department of Agriculture – Agricultural Research Service – Pollinating Insects Biology, Management, and Systematics Research Unit, Logan, UT 84322, USA
| | - Theresa L Pitts-Singer
- U.S. Department of Agriculture – Agricultural Research Service – Pollinating Insects Biology, Management, and Systematics Research Unit, Logan, UT 84322, USA
| | - Ashley T Rohde
- Department of Wildland Resources, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA
| | - James P Strange
- Department of Entomology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Kerrigan B Tobin
- U.S. Department of Agriculture – Agricultural Research Service – Pollinating Insects Biology, Management, and Systematics Research Unit, Logan, UT 84322, USA
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Ballare KM, Jha S. Genetic structure across urban and agricultural landscapes reveals evidence of resource specialization and philopatry in the Eastern carpenter bee, Xylocopa virginica L. Evol Appl 2021; 14:136-149. [PMID: 33519961 PMCID: PMC7819568 DOI: 10.1111/eva.13078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Human activity continues to impact global ecosystems, often by altering the habitat suitability, persistence, and movement of native species. It is thus critical to examine the population genetic structure of key ecosystemservice providers across human-altered landscapes to provide insight into the forces that limit wildlife persistence and movement across multiple spatial scales. While some studies have documented declines of bee pollinators as a result of human-mediated habitat alteration, others suggest that some bee species may benefit from altered land use due to increased food or nesting resource availability; however, detailed population and dispersal studies have been lacking. We investigated the population genetic structure of the Eastern carpenter bee, Xylocopa virginica, across 14 sites spanning more than 450 km, including dense urban areas and intensive agricultural habitat. X. virginica is a large bee which constructs nests in natural and human-associated wooden substrates, and is hypothesized to disperse broadly across urbanizing areas. Using 10 microsatellite loci, we detected significant genetic isolation by geographic distance and significant isolation by land use, where urban and cultivated landscapes were most conducive to gene flow. This is one of the first population genetic analyses to provide evidence of enhanced insect dispersal in human-altered areas as compared to semi-natural landscapes. We found moderate levels of regional-scale population structure across the study system (G'ST = 0.146) and substantial co-ancestry between the sampling regions, where co-ancestry patterns align with major human transportation corridors, suggesting that human-mediated movement may be influencing regional dispersal processes. Additionally, we found a signature of strong site-level philopatry where our analyses revealed significant levels of high genetic relatedness at very fine scales (<1 km), surprising given X. virginica's large body size. These results provide unique genetic evidence that insects can simultaneously exhibit substantial regional dispersal as well as high local nesting fidelity in landscapes dominated by human activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly M. Ballare
- Department of Integrative BiologyBiological LaboratoriesThe University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of California Santa CruzSanta CruzCAUSA
| | - Shalene Jha
- Department of Integrative BiologyBiological LaboratoriesThe University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA
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Nayak PP, Prakash J. Molecular Characterization of the Indigenous Stingless Bees (Tetragonula spp. Complex) Using ISSR Marker from Southern Peninsular India. NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2018; 47:106-117. [PMID: 28725990 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-017-0538-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
India is a country bestowed enormously with stingless bees, but genetic information about them is extremely minimal. This study focused to tap the geographic allocation, genetic variability, and differentiation among Tetragonula species complexes from natural and semi-urban habitats. Genetic analyses were assessed among 36 contrasting genotypes utilizing 20 ISSR primers. The dual combination exquisitely and productively amplified 245 DNA fragments at the loci, of which 240 bands were polymorphic (97.95%). Low to moderate level of genetic differentiation was detected from different estimators (Ht 0.29, G' STest 0.16, D est 0.072, F ST 0.14, and Nm 2.68). Hierarchical clustering analysis aided to partition the individual genotypes into its respective five species group formed, aided by substantial bootstrap support values, but differing under morphological identification. It also provided valuable insight into the moderate eco-genetic diversity (H 0.39) prevailing from geographically scattered inhabitants. Potential exploitation of hyper-variable ISSR marker turned out fairly as a promising technique for finding valid polymorphisms and infers relevant variations. This baseline information enhances our understanding of the genetic status of the indigenous species from the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- P P Nayak
- Centre for Applied Genetics, Dept of Zoology, Jnanabharathi Campus, Bangalore Univ, Bangalore, India.
- Centre for Environmental Information System, Environmental Management & Policy Research Institute, "Hasiru Bhavana", Doresanipalya Forest Campus, Vinayakanagara Circle, J.P. Nagar 5th Phase, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560 078, India.
| | - J Prakash
- Centre for Applied Genetics, Dept of Zoology, Jnanabharathi Campus, Bangalore Univ, Bangalore, India
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The Nuclear and Mitochondrial Genomes of the Facultatively Eusocial Orchid Bee Euglossa dilemma. G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS 2017; 7:2891-2898. [PMID: 28701376 PMCID: PMC5592917 DOI: 10.1534/g3.117.043687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Bees provide indispensable pollination services to both agricultural crops and wild plant populations, and several species of bees have become important models for the study of learning and memory, plant–insect interactions, and social behavior. Orchid bees (Apidae: Euglossini) are especially important to the fields of pollination ecology, evolution, and species conservation. Here we report the nuclear and mitochondrial genome sequences of the orchid bee Euglossa dilemma Bembé & Eltz. E. dilemma was selected because it is widely distributed, highly abundant, and it was recently naturalized in the southeastern United States. We provide a high-quality assembly of the 3.3 Gb genome, and an official gene set of 15,904 gene annotations. We find high conservation of gene synteny with the honey bee throughout 80 MY of divergence time. This genomic resource represents the first draft genome of the orchid bee genus Euglossa, and the first draft orchid bee mitochondrial genome, thus representing a valuable resource to the research community.
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Vickruck JL, Richards MH. Nesting habits influence population genetic structure of a bee living in anthropogenic disturbance. Mol Ecol 2017; 26:2674-2686. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.14064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Revised: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J. L. Vickruck
- Department of Biological Sciences; Brock University; 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way St. Catharines ON Canada L2S 3A1
| | - M. H. Richards
- Department of Biological Sciences; Brock University; 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way St. Catharines ON Canada L2S 3A1
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Patterns of population genetic structure and diversity across bumble bee communities in the Pacific Northwest. CONSERV GENET 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-017-0944-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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High levels of male diploidy but low levels of genetic structure characterize Bombus vosnesenskii populations across the Western US. CONSERV GENET 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-016-0900-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Rosa JF, Ramalho M, Arias MC. Functional connectivity and genetic diversity ofEulaema atleticana(Apidae, Euglossina) in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest Corridor: assessment of gene flow. Biotropica 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/btp.12321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaqueline Figuerêdo Rosa
- Instituto Federal de Educação; Ciência e Tecnologia Baiano; Campus Guanambi. Distrito de Ceraíma; Caixa Postal 9 46430000 Guanambi Bahia Brazil
| | - Mauro Ramalho
- Laboratório de Ecologia da Polinização (ECOPOL); Instituto de Biologia; Universidade Federal da Bahia; Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, Ondina 40170115 Salvador Bahia Brazil
| | - Maria Cristina Arias
- Laboratório de Genetica e Evolução de Abelhas; Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva; Instituto de Biociências; Universidade de São Paulo; Rua do Matão, 277, sala 320, Cidade Universitária 05508090 São Paulo Brazil
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Suni SS, Bronstein JL, Brosi BJ. Spatio-temporal Genetic Structure of a Tropical Bee Species Suggests High Dispersal Over a Fragmented Landscape. Biotropica 2014; 46:202-209. [PMID: 24659825 DOI: 10.1111/btp.12084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Habitat destruction threatens biodiversity by reducing the amount of available resources and connectivity among geographic areas. For organisms living in fragmented habitats, population persistence may depend on dispersal, which maintains gene flow among fragments and can prevent inbreeding within them. It is centrally important to understand patterns of dispersal for bees living in fragmented areas given the importance of pollination systems and recently documented declines in bee populations. We used population and landscape genetic techniques to characterize patterns of dispersal over a large fragmented area in southern Costa Rica for the orchid bee species Euglossa championi. First, we estimated levels of genetic differentiation among forest fragments as φpt, an analog to the traditional summary statistic Fst, as well as two statistics that may more adequately represent levels of differentiation, G'st and Dest . Second, we used a Bayesian approach to determine the number and composition of genetic groups in our sample. Third we investigated how genetic differentiation changes with distance. Fourth, we determined the extent to which deforested areas restrict dispersal. Finally, we estimated the extent to which there were temporal differences in allele frequencies within the same forest fragments. Within years we found low levels of differentiation even over 80 km, and no effect of land use type on level of genetic differentiation. However, we found significant genetic differentiation between years. Taken together our results suggest that there are high levels of gene flow over this geographic area, and that individuals show low site fidelity over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevan S Suni
- Center for Insect Science, University of Arizona, Tucson AZ 85721, U.S.A ; Center for Insect Science, University of Arizona, Tucson AZ 85721, U.S.A ; Organismic and Evolutionary Biology Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst MA 01003, U.S.A
| | - Judith L Bronstein
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson AZ 85721, U.S.A
| | - Berry J Brosi
- Department of Environmental Studies, Emory University, Atlanta GA 30322, U.S.A
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Jha S, Kremen C. Urban land use limits regional bumble bee gene flow. Mol Ecol 2013; 22:2483-95. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.12275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2012] [Revised: 01/27/2013] [Accepted: 01/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shalene Jha
- Integrative Biology; 401 Biological Laboratories; University of Texas; Austin TX 78712 USA
| | - C. Kremen
- Environmental Science, Policy & Management; University of California; 130 Mulford Hall Berkeley CA 94720 USA
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Genetic differentiation of the Euglossini (Hymenoptera, Apidae) populations on a mainland coastal plain and an island in southeastern Brazil. Genetica 2013; 141:65-74. [PMID: 23443762 DOI: 10.1007/s10709-013-9706-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2012] [Accepted: 02/14/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Euglossini bees are among the main pollinators of plant species in tropical and subtropical forests in Central and South America. These bees are known as long-distance pollinators due to their exceptional flight performance. Here we assessed through microsatellite loci the gene variation and genetic differentiation between populations of four abundant Euglossini species populations sampled in two areas, Picinguaba (mainland) and Anchieta Island, Ubatuba, São Paulo State, southeastern Brazil. There was no significant genetic differentiation between the island and mainland samples of Euglossa cordata (Fst = 0.008, P = 0.60), Eulaema cingulata (Fst = 0.029, P = 0.29) and Eulaema nigrita (Fst = 0.062, P = 0.38), but a significant gene differentiation between mainland and island samples of Euglossa stellfeldi (Fst = 0.028, P = 0.016) was detected. As expected, our results showed that the water body that separates the island from the mainland does not constitute a geographic barrier for these Euglossini bees. The absence of populational structuring of three out the four species studied corroborates previous reports on those bees, characterized by large populations, with high gene diversity and gene flow and very low levels of diploid males. But the Eg. stellfeldi results clearly point that dispersal ability is not similar to all euglossine bees, what requires the development of different conservationist strategies to the Euglossini species.
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