1
|
Kočić A, Vujić A, Tot T, Milosavljević MJ, Groot MDE. An updated checklist of the hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) of Slovenia. Zootaxa 2023; 5297:189-227. [PMID: 37518800 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5297.2.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
This paper is an updated checklist of the hoverflies of Slovenia. Since the last checklist of 274 species published by de Groot & Govedič in 2008, a large number of additional specimens have been collected and studied. In the present study, 42 species are reported for the first time for the Slovenian hoverfly fauna. Sphegina sublatifrons Vujić, 1990 is deleted from the Slovenian list. In total, 362 species from 77 genera are reported. According to the IUCN European Red List of Hoverflies, 29 species are classified as Endangered, 9 as Vulnerable, 19 as Near Threatened, 302 as Least Concern and 3 as Data Deficient. The distribution of species per region in Slovenia is presented. With 243 species, Upper Carniola hosts the largest number of registered species, followed by Central Slovenia (233 spp.), Gorizia (230 spp.), Savinja and Littoral Inner-Carniola (both with 173 spp.), Coastal-Karst (133 spp.), Southeast Slovenia (71 spp.), Drava (60 spp.), Carinthia (56 spp.), Lower Sava (52 spp.), Mura (47 spp.) and Central Sava (8 spp.). A significant increase in the number of new records has been noted in recent decades, and the possible reasons for this trend are also discussed here.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anja Kočić
- University of Novi Sad; Faculty of Sciences; Department of Biology and Ecology; Trg Dositeja Obradovića 2; 21000 Novi Sad; Serbia.
| | - Ante Vujić
- University of Novi Sad; Faculty of Sciences; Department of Biology and Ecology; Trg Dositeja Obradovića 2; 21000 Novi Sad; Serbia.
| | - Tamara Tot
- University of Novi Sad; Faculty of Sciences; Department of Biology and Ecology; Trg Dositeja Obradovića 2; 21000 Novi Sad; Serbia.
| | - Marina Janković Milosavljević
- University of Novi Sad; Faculty of Sciences; Department of Biology and Ecology; Trg Dositeja Obradovića 2; 21000 Novi Sad; Serbia.
| | - Maarten DE Groot
- Slovenian Forestry Institute; Department of Forest Protection; Večna pot 2; 1000 Ljubljana; Slovenia.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tsz Long Wong D, Norman H, Creedy TJ, Jordaens K, Moran KM, Young A, Mengual X, Skevington JH, Vogler AP. The phylogeny and evolutionary ecology of hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) inferred from mitochondrial genomes. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2023; 184:107759. [PMID: 36921697 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2023.107759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) are a diverse group of pollinators and a major research focus in ecology, but their phylogenetic relationships remain incompletely known. Using a genome skimming approach we generated mitochondrial genomes for 91 species, capturing a wide taxonomic diversity of the family. To reduce the required amount of input DNA and overall cost of the library construction, sequencing and assembly was conducted on mixtures of specimens, which raises the problem of chimera formation of mitogenomes. We present a novel chimera detection test based on gene tree incongruence, but identified only a single mitogenome of chimeric origin. Together with existing data for a final set of 127 taxa, phylogenetic analysis on nucleotide and amino acid sequences using Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian Inference revealed a basal split of Microdontinae from all other syrphids. The remainder consists of several deep clades assigned to the subfamily Eristalinae in the current classification, including a clade comprising the subfamily Syrphinae (plus Pipizinae). These findings call for a re-definition of subfamilies, but basal nodes had insufficient support to allow such action. Molecular-clock dating placed the origin of the Syrphidae crown group in the mid-Cretaceous while the Eristalinae-Syrphinae clade likely originated near the K/Pg boundary. Transformation of larval life history characters on the tree suggests that Syrphidae initially had sap feeding larvae, which diversified greatly in diet and habitat association during the Eocene and Oligocene, coinciding with the diversification of angiosperms and the evolution of various insect groups used as larval host, prey, or mimicry models. Mitogenomes proved to be a powerful phylogenetic marker for studies of Syrphidae at subfamily and tribe levels, allowing dense taxon sampling that provided insight into the great ecological diversity and rapid evolution of larval life history traits of the hoverflies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Tsz Long Wong
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2BX, U.K; Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD, U.K.
| | - Hannah Norman
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2BX, U.K; Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD, U.K.
| | - Thomas J Creedy
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2BX, U.K; Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD, U.K.
| | - Kurt Jordaens
- Department of Biology-Invertebrates Unit, Royal Museum for Central Africa, Joint Experimental Molecular Unit Leuvensesteenweg 13, B-3080 Tervuren, Belgium.
| | - Kevin M Moran
- Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, K.W. Neatby Building, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, ON K1A 0C6, Canada; Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.
| | - Andrew Young
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
| | - Ximo Mengual
- Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change, Adenauerallee 127, 53113 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Jeffrey H Skevington
- Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, K.W. Neatby Building, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, ON K1A 0C6, Canada; Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.
| | - Alfried P Vogler
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2BX, U.K; Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD, U.K.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Taylor HR, Ritchie-Parker H. The genome sequence of the pine hoverfly, Blera fallax (Linnaeus, 1758). Wellcome Open Res 2023. [DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.19034.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
We present a genome assembly from an individual male Blera fallax (the pine hoverfly; Arthropoda; Insecta; Diptera; Syrphidae). The genome sequence is 462 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 7 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the assembled X and Y chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled, and is 16.2 kilobases in length.
Collapse
|
4
|
Hoffmann AA, White VL, Jasper M, Yagui H, Sinclair SJ, Kearney MR. An endangered flightless grasshopper with strong genetic structure maintains population genetic variation despite extensive habitat loss. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:5364-5380. [PMID: 34026013 PMCID: PMC8131777 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Conservation research is dominated by vertebrate examples but the shorter generation times and high local population sizes of invertebrates may lead to very different management strategies, particularly for species with low movement rates. Here we investigate the genetic structure of an endangered flightless grasshopper, Keyacris scurra, which was used in classical evolutionary studies in the 1960s. It had a wide distribution across New South Wales (NSW) and Victoria in pre-European times but has now become threatened because of land clearing for agriculture and other activities. We revisited remnant sites of K. scurra, with populations now restricted to only one area in Victoria and a few small patches in NSW and the Australian Capital Territory (ACT). Using DArtseq to generate SNP markers as well as mtDNA sequence data, we show that the remaining Victorian populations in an isolated valley are genetically distinct from the NSW populations and that all populations tend to be genetically unique, with large F ST values up to 0.8 being detected for the SNP datasets. We also find that, with one notable exception, the NSW/ACT populations separate genetically into previously described chromosomal races (2n = 15 vs. 2n = 17). Isolation by distance was detected across both the SNP and mtDNA datasets, and there was substantial differentiation within chromosomal races. Genetic diversity as measured by heterozygosity was not correlated with the size of remaining habitat where the populations were found, with high variation present in some remnant cemetery sites. However, inbreeding correlated negatively with estimated habitat size at 25-500 m patch radius. These findings emphasize the importance of small habitat areas in conserving genetic variation in such species with low mobility, and they highlight populations suitable for future translocation efforts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ary A. Hoffmann
- Pest and Environmental Adaptation Research GroupBio21 InstituteSchool of BioSciencesThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Vanessa L. White
- School of BioSciencesThe University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Moshe Jasper
- Pest and Environmental Adaptation Research GroupBio21 InstituteSchool of BioSciencesThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Hiromi Yagui
- Pest and Environmental Adaptation Research GroupBio21 InstituteSchool of BioSciencesThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Steve J. Sinclair
- Department of Environment, Land, Water and PlanningArthur Rylah InstituteHeidelbergVictoriaAustralia
| | - Michael R. Kearney
- School of BioSciencesThe University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Liu M, Wang X, Ma L, Cao L, Liu H, Pu D, Wei S. Genome-wide developed microsatellites reveal a weak population differentiation in the hoverfly Eupeodes corollae (Diptera: Syrphidae) across China. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0215888. [PMID: 31557189 PMCID: PMC6762071 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The hoverfly, Eupeodes corollae, is a worldwide natural enemy of aphids and a plant pollinator. To provide insights into the biology of this species, we examined its population genetic structure by obtaining 1.15-GB random genomic sequences using next-generation sequencing and developing genome-wide microsatellite markers. A total of 79,138 microsatellite loci were initially isolated from the genomic sequences; after strict selection and further testing of 40 primer pairs in eight individuals, 24 polymorphic microsatellites with high amplification rates were developed. These microsatellites were used to examine the population genetic structure of 96 individuals from four field populations collected across southern to northern China. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 5 to 13 with an average of 8.75; the observed and expected heterozygosity varied from 0.235 to 0.768 and from 0.333 to 0.785, respectively. Population genetic structure analysis showed weak genetic differentiation among the four geographical populations of E. corollae, suggesting a high rate of gene flow reflecting likely widespread migration of E. corollae in China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengjia Liu
- Industrial Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Wang
- Industrial Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Ma
- Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lijun Cao
- Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongling Liu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Deqiang Pu
- Industrial Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Plant Protection, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China
- * E-mail: (DP); (SW)
| | - Shujun Wei
- Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (DP); (SW)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Skevington JH, Young AD, Locke MM, Moran KM. New Syrphidae (Diptera) of North-eastern North America. Biodivers Data J 2019; 7:e36673. [PMID: 31543695 PMCID: PMC6736894 DOI: 10.3897/bdj.7.e36673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This paper describes 11 of 18 new species recognised in the recent book, "Field Guide to the Flower Flies of Northeastern North America". Four species are omitted as they need to be described in the context of a revision (three Cheilosia and a Palpada species) and three other species (one Neoascia and two Xylota) will be described by F. Christian Thompson in a planned publication. Six of the new species have been recognised for decades and were treated by J. Richard Vockeroth in unpublished notes or by Thompson in his unpublished but widely distributed "A conspectus of the flower flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) of the Nearctic Region". Five of the 11 species were discovered during the preparation of the Field Guide. Eight of the 11 have DNA barcodes available that support the morphology. New information New species treated in this paper include: Anasimyiadiffusa Locke, Skevington and Vockeroth (Smooth-legged Swamp Fly), Anasimyiamatutina Locke, Skevington and Vockeroth (Small-spotted Swamp Fly), Brachyopacaesariata Moran and Skevington (Plain-winged Sapeater), Brachyopacummingi Moran and Skevington (Somber Sapeater), Hammerschmidtiasedmani Vockeroth, Moran and Skevington (Pale-bristled Logsitter), Microdon (Microdon) scauros Skevington and Locke (Big-footed Ant Fly), Mixogasterfattigi Locke, Skevington and Greene (Fattig's Ant Fly), Neoasciaguttata Skevington and Moran (Spotted Fen Fly), Orthonevrafeei Moran and Skevington (Fee's Mucksucker), Psilotaklymkoi Locke, Young and Skevington (Black Haireye) and Trichopsomyialitoralis Vockeroth and Young (Coastal Psyllid-killer). Common names follow the "Field Guide to the Flower Flies of Northeastern North America" (Skevington et al. 2019).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey H Skevington
- AAFC, Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, Ottawa, Canada AAFC, Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes Ottawa Canada.,Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada Carleton University Ottawa Canada
| | - Andrew D Young
- California Department of Food and Agriculture, Sacramento, United States of America California Department of Food and Agriculture Sacramento United States of America
| | - Michelle M Locke
- AAFC, Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, Ottawa, Canada AAFC, Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes Ottawa Canada
| | - Kevin M Moran
- Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada Carleton University Ottawa Canada.,AAFC, Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, Ottawa, Canada AAFC, Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes Ottawa Canada
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mu XD, Gu DE, Yang YX, Luo D, Meng X, Wang XJ, Hu YC, Luo JR. Genetic diversity and phylogeny of the family Osteoglossidae by the nuclear 18S ribosomal RNA and implications for its conservation. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2013.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|