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De Vitis M, Havens K, Barak RS, Egerton-Warburton L, Ernst AR, Evans M, Fant JB, Foxx AJ, Hadley K, Jabcon J, O’Shaughnessey J, Ramakrishna S, Sollenberger D, Taddeo S, Urbina-Casanova R, Woolridge C, Xu L, Zeldin J, Kramer AT. Why are some plant species missing from restorations? A diagnostic tool for temperate grassland ecosystems. FRONTIERS IN CONSERVATION SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fcosc.2022.1028295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The U.N. Decade on Ecosystem Restoration aims to accelerate actions to prevent, halt, and reverse the degradation of ecosystems, and re-establish ecosystem functioning and species diversity. The practice of ecological restoration has made great progress in recent decades, as has recognition of the importance of species diversity to maintaining the long-term stability and functioning of restored ecosystems. Restorations may also focus on specific species to fulfill needed functions, such as supporting dependent wildlife or mitigating extinction risk. Yet even in the most carefully planned and managed restoration, target species may fail to germinate, establish, or persist. To support the successful reintroduction of ecologically and culturally important plant species with an emphasis on temperate grasslands, we developed a tool to diagnose common causes of missing species, focusing on four major categories of filters, or factors: genetic, biotic, abiotic, and planning & land management. Through a review of the scientific literature, we propose a series of diagnostic tests to identify potential causes of failure to restore target species, and treatments that could improve future outcomes. This practical diagnostic tool is meant to strengthen collaboration between restoration practitioners and researchers on diagnosing and treating causes of missing species in order to effectively restore them.
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Oyundelger K, Harpke D, Herklotz V, Troeva E, Zheng Z, Li Z, Oyuntsetseg B, Wagner V, Wesche K, Ritz CM. Phylogeography of Artemisia frigida (Anthemideae, Asteraceae) based on genotyping-by-sequencing and plastid DNA data: Migration through Beringia. J Evol Biol 2021; 35:64-80. [PMID: 34792226 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.13960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Artemisia frigida is a temperate grassland species that has the largest natural range among its genus, with occurrences across the temperate grassland biomes of Eurasia and North America. Despite its wide geographic range, we know little about the species' distribution history. Hence, we conducted a phylogeographical study to test the hypothesis that the species' distribution pattern is related to a potential historical migration over the 'Bering land bridge'. We applied two molecular approaches: genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) and Sanger sequencing of the plastid intergenic spacer region (rpl32 - trnL) to investigate genetic differentiation and relatedness among 21 populations from North America, Middle Asia, Central Asia and the Russian Far East. Furthermore, we identified the ploidy level of individuals based on GBS data. Our results indicate that A. frigida originated in Asia, spread northwards to the Far East and then to North America across the Bering Strait. We found a pronounced genetic structuring between Middle and Central Asian populations with mixed ploidy levels, tetraploids in the Far East, and nearly exclusively diploids in North America except for one individual. According to phylogenetic analysis, two populations of Kazakhstan (KZ2 and KZ3) represent the most likely ancestral diploids that constitute the basally branching lineages, and subsequent polyploidization has occurred on several occasions independently. Mantel tests revealed weak correlations between genetic distance and geographical distance and climatic conditions, which indicates that paleoclimatic fluctuations may have more profoundly influenced A. frigida's spatial genetic structure and distribution than the current environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khurelpurev Oyundelger
- Chair of Biodiversity of Higher Plants, International Institute (IHI) Zittau, Technische Universität Dresden, Zittau, Germany.,Department of Botany, Senckenberg Museum of Natural History Görlitz, Görlitz, Germany
| | - Dörte Harpke
- Leibniz Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung (IPK), Seeland, Germany
| | - Veit Herklotz
- Department of Botany, Senckenberg Museum of Natural History Görlitz, Görlitz, Germany
| | - Elena Troeva
- Institute for Biological Problems of Cryolithozone, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yakutsk, Russia
| | - Zhenzhen Zheng
- College of Life Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Li
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Batlai Oyuntsetseg
- Department of Biology, School of Arts and Sciences, National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Viktoria Wagner
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Karsten Wesche
- Chair of Biodiversity of Higher Plants, International Institute (IHI) Zittau, Technische Universität Dresden, Zittau, Germany.,Department of Botany, Senckenberg Museum of Natural History Görlitz, Görlitz, Germany
| | - Christiane M Ritz
- Chair of Biodiversity of Higher Plants, International Institute (IHI) Zittau, Technische Universität Dresden, Zittau, Germany.,Department of Botany, Senckenberg Museum of Natural History Görlitz, Görlitz, Germany
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Gavin‐Smyth N, Kramer AT, Urbina‐Casanova R, Vitt P, Fant JB. Genetic rescue reduces mate limitation in a threatened, clonal, and self‐incompatible plant species. Restor Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.13458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nora Gavin‐Smyth
- Plant Biology and Conservation Northwestern University Evanston IL 60201 U.S.A
- Negaunee Institute for Plant Conservation Science and Action Chicago Botanic Garden Glencoe IL 60022 U.S.A
| | - Andrea T. Kramer
- Plant Biology and Conservation Northwestern University Evanston IL 60201 U.S.A
- Negaunee Institute for Plant Conservation Science and Action Chicago Botanic Garden Glencoe IL 60022 U.S.A
| | - Rafael Urbina‐Casanova
- Plant Biology and Conservation Northwestern University Evanston IL 60201 U.S.A
- Negaunee Institute for Plant Conservation Science and Action Chicago Botanic Garden Glencoe IL 60022 U.S.A
| | - Pati Vitt
- Plant Biology and Conservation Northwestern University Evanston IL 60201 U.S.A
- Negaunee Institute for Plant Conservation Science and Action Chicago Botanic Garden Glencoe IL 60022 U.S.A
- Lake County Forest Preserve District 1899 W. Winchester Road, Libertyville IL 60048 U.S.A
| | - Jeremie B. Fant
- Plant Biology and Conservation Northwestern University Evanston IL 60201 U.S.A
- Negaunee Institute for Plant Conservation Science and Action Chicago Botanic Garden Glencoe IL 60022 U.S.A
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Zaya DN, Pearse IS, Spyreas G. Long-Term Trends in Midwestern Milkweed Abundances and Their Relevance to Monarch Butterfly Declines. Bioscience 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/biosci/biw186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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