1
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Lopes F, Oliveira LR, Beux Y, Kessler A, Cárdenas-Alayza S, Majluf P, Páez-Rosas D, Chaves J, Crespo E, Brownell RL, Baylis AMM, Sepúlveda M, Franco-Trecu V, Loch C, Robertson BC, Peart CR, Wolf JBW, Bonatto SL. Genomic evidence for homoploid hybrid speciation in a marine mammal apex predator. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadf6601. [PMID: 37134171 PMCID: PMC10156116 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adf6601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Hybridization is widespread and constitutes an important source of genetic variability and evolution. In animals, its role in generating novel and independent lineages (hybrid speciation) has been strongly debated, with only a few cases supported by genomic data. The South American fur seal (SAfs) Arctocephalus australis is a marine apex predator of Pacific and Atlantic waters, with a disjunct set of populations in Peru and Northern Chile [Peruvian fur seal (Pfs)] with controversial taxonomic status. We demonstrate, using complete genome and reduced representation sequencing, that the Pfs is a genetically distinct species with an admixed genome that originated from hybridization between the SAfs and the Galapagos fur seal (Arctocephalus galapagoensis) ~400,000 years ago. Our results strongly support the origin of Pfs by homoploid hybrid speciation over alternative introgression scenarios. This study highlights the role of hybridization in promoting species-level biodiversity in large vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Lopes
- Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Laboratório de Ecologia de Mamíferos, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, São Leopoldo, Brazil
- Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Larissa R Oliveira
- Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Grupo de Estudos de Mamíferos Aquáticos do Rio Grande do Sul (GEMARS), Torres, Brazil
| | - Yago Beux
- Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Amanda Kessler
- Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Susana Cárdenas-Alayza
- Centro para la Sostenibilidad Ambiental, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Fisiológicas, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Patricia Majluf
- Centro para la Sostenibilidad Ambiental, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Diego Páez-Rosas
- Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, COCIBA, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
- Dirección del Parque Nacional Galápagos, Oficina Técnica San Cristobal, Islas Galápagos, Ecuador
| | - Jaime Chaves
- Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, COCIBA, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
- Galapagos Science Center, Puerto Baquerizo Moreno, Ecuador
- Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, 1800 Holloway Ave, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Enrique Crespo
- Laboratório de Mamíferos Marinos, CESIMAR - CCT CENPAT, CONICET, Puerto Madryn, Argentina
| | - Robert L Brownell
- Southwest Fisheries Science Center, NOAA Fisheries, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Maritza Sepúlveda
- Centro de Investigación y Gestión de Recursos Naturales (CIGREN), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Valentina Franco-Trecu
- Departamento de Ecología y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Carolina Loch
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | | | - Claire R Peart
- Division of Evolutionary Biology, LMU Munich, München, Germany
| | - Jochen B W Wolf
- Division of Evolutionary Biology, LMU Munich, München, Germany
| | - Sandro L Bonatto
- Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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2
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Chaves JA, Lopes F, Martínez D, Cueva DF, Gavilanes GI, Bonatto SL, de Oliveira LR, Páez-Rosas D. Population Genetics and Phylogeography of Galapagos Fur Seals. Front Genet 2022; 13:725772. [PMID: 35664327 PMCID: PMC9160918 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.725772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Pinnipeds found across islands provide an ideal opportunity to examine the evolutionary process of population subdivision affected by several mechanisms. Here, we report the genetic consequences of the geographic distribution of rookeries in Galapagos fur seals (GFS: Arctocephalus galapagoensis) in creating population structure. We show that rookeries across four islands (nine rookeries) are genetically structured into the following major groups: 1) a western cluster of individuals from Fernandina; 2) a central group from north and east Isabela, Santiago, and Pinta; and possibly, 3) a third cluster in the northeast from Pinta. Furthermore, asymmetric levels of gene flow obtained from eight microsatellites found migration from west Isabela to Fernandina islands (number of migrants Nm = 1), with imperceptible Nm in any other direction. Our findings suggest that the marked structuring of populations recovered in GFS is likely related to an interplay between long-term site fidelity and long-distance migration in both male and female individuals, probably influenced by varying degrees of marine productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime A. Chaves
- Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Diego de Robles y Pampite, Quito, Ecuador
- Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Jaime A. Chaves,
| | - Fernando Lopes
- Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Laboratório de Ecologia de Mamíferos, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS), São Leopoldo, Brazil
| | - Daniela Martínez
- Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Diego de Robles y Pampite, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Dario F. Cueva
- Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Diego de Robles y Pampite, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Gabriela I. Gavilanes
- Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Diego de Robles y Pampite, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Sandro L. Bonatto
- Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Larissa Rosa de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Ecologia de Mamíferos, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS), São Leopoldo, Brazil
- Grupo de Estudos de Mamíferos Aquáticos do Rio Grande do Sul (GEMARS), Torres, Brazil
| | - Diego Páez-Rosas
- Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Diego de Robles y Pampite, Quito, Ecuador
- Unidad Técnica Operativa San Cristóbal, Dirección Parque Nacional Galápagos, San Cristobal-Galapagos, Ecuador
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3
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Weinberger CS, Vianna JA, Faugeron S, Marquet PA. Inferring the impact of past climate changes and hunting on the South American sea lion. DIVERS DISTRIB 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Constanza S. Weinberger
- Departamento de Ecología Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Santiago Chile
| | - Juliana A. Vianna
- Departamento de Ecosistemas y Medio Ambiente Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal Pontifícia Universidad Católica de Chile Santiago Chile
- Centro Cambio Global UC Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Santiago Chile
| | - Sylvain Faugeron
- Departamento de Ecología Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Santiago Chile
- IRL3614 Evolutionary Biology and Ecology of Algae CNRS Sorbonne Université Pontificia Universidad Católica de ChileUniversidad Austral de ChileStation Biologique Roscoff France
| | - Pablo A. Marquet
- Departamento de Ecología Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Santiago Chile
- Centro Cambio Global UC Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Santiago Chile
- Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad (IEB) Santiago Chile
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4
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Gutiérrez J, Seguel M, Saenz‐Agudelo P, Acosta‐Jamett G, Verdugo C. Genetic diversity and kinship relationships in one of the largest South American fur seal (
Arctocephalus australis
) populations of the Pacific Ocean. Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Josefina Gutiérrez
- Instituto de Patología Animal Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias Universidad Austral de Chile Valdivia Chile
- Programa de Investigación Aplicada a la Fauna Silvestre Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias Universidad Austral de Chile Valdivia Chile
| | - Mauricio Seguel
- Department of Pathobiology Ontario Veterinary College University of Guelph ON Canada
| | - Pablo Saenz‐Agudelo
- Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Austral de Chile Valdivia Chile
| | - Gerardo Acosta‐Jamett
- Programa de Investigación Aplicada a la Fauna Silvestre Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias Universidad Austral de Chile Valdivia Chile
- Instituto de Medicina Preventiva Veterinaria Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias Universidad Austral de Chile Valdivia Chile
| | - Claudio Verdugo
- Instituto de Patología Animal Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias Universidad Austral de Chile Valdivia Chile
- Programa de Investigación Aplicada a la Fauna Silvestre Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias Universidad Austral de Chile Valdivia Chile
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5
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Páez-Rosas D, Torres J, Espinoza E, Marchetti A, Seim H, Riofrío-Lazo M. Declines and recovery in endangered Galapagos pinnipeds during the El Niño event. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8785. [PMID: 33888850 PMCID: PMC8075323 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88350-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, the Galapagos sea lion (GSL, Zalophus wollebaeki) and Galapagos fur seal (GFS, Arctocephalus galapagoensis) are among the most important endemic species for conservation in the Galapagos Archipelago. Both are classified as "Endangered" since their populations have undergone drastic declines over the last several decades. In this study we estimated the abundance of both otariids, and their population trends based using counts conducted between 2014 and 2018 in all their rookeries, and we analyzed the influence of environmental variability on pup production. The GSL population size in 2018 in the archipelago was estimated to be between 17,000 to 24,000 individuals and has increased at an average annual rate of 1% over the last five years after applying correction factors. The highest number of GSL counted in the archipelago was in 2014 followed by a population decline of 23.8% in 2015 that was associated with the El Niño event that occurred during that year. Following this event, the population increased mainly in the northern, central and southeastern rookeries. The GSL pup abundance showed a decreasing trend with the increase in intensity of the El Niño. The GFS population in 2018 was counted in 3,093 individuals and has increased at an annual rate of 3% from 2014 to 2018. A high number of GFS counted in 2014 was followed by a population decrease of 38% in 2015, mainly in the western rookeries. There was interannual population fluctuations and different growth trends among regions of the archipelago. GSL and GFS pup abundance has a strong decreasing tendency with the increase in the subthermocline temperature (ST) and the El Niño 1 + 2 index. Our results provide evidence that both species are highly vulnerable to periodic oceanographic-atmospheric events in the Galapagos Archipelago which impact prey abundance and the flow of energy in the unique Galapagos ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Páez-Rosas
- Galapagos Science Center. Isla San Cristóbal, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Islas Galápagos, Ecuador.
| | - Jorge Torres
- Departamento de Ecosistemas Marinos, Dirección Parque Nacional Galápagos, Islas Galápagos, Ecuador
| | - Eduardo Espinoza
- Departamento de Ecosistemas Marinos, Dirección Parque Nacional Galápagos, Islas Galápagos, Ecuador
| | - Adrian Marchetti
- Department of Marine Sciences, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Harvey Seim
- Department of Marine Sciences, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Marjorie Riofrío-Lazo
- Galapagos Science Center. Isla San Cristóbal, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Islas Galápagos, Ecuador.
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6
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Schlesselmann AV, Dussex N, Cooper J, Monks JM, O'Donnell CFJ, Robertson BC. Contrasting patterns of population structure at large and fine geographical scales in a migratory avian disturbance specialist of braided river ecosystems. DIVERS DISTRIB 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.12994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ann‐Kathrin V. Schlesselmann
- Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research Dunedin New Zealand
- Department of Zoology University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand
| | - Nicolas Dussex
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genetics Swedish Museum of Natural History Stockholm Sweden
| | - Jamie Cooper
- Department of Zoology University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand
| | - Joanne M. Monks
- Department of Conservation Biodiversity Group Dunedin New Zealand
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7
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Autenrieth M, Hartmann S, Lah L, Roos A, Dennis AB, Tiedemann R. High-quality whole-genome sequence of an abundant Holarctic odontocete, the harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena). Mol Ecol Resour 2018; 18:1469-1481. [PMID: 30035363 DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.12932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) is a highly mobile cetacean found across the Northern hemisphere. It occurs in coastal waters and inhabits basins that vary broadly in salinity, temperature and food availability. These diverse habitats could drive subtle differentiation among populations, but examination of this would be best conducted with a robust reference genome. Here, we report the first harbour porpoise genome, assembled de novo from an individual originating in the Kattegat Sea (Sweden). The genome is one of the most complete cetacean genomes currently available, with a total size of 2.39 Gb and 50% of the total length found in just 34 scaffolds. Using 122 of the longest scaffolds, we were able to show high levels of synteny with the genome of the domestic cattle (Bos taurus). Our draft annotation comprises 22,154 predicted genes, which we further annotated through matches to the NCBI nucleotide database, GO categorization and motif prediction. Within the predicted genes, we have confirmed the presence of >20 genes or gene families that have been associated with adaptive evolution in other cetaceans. Overall, this genome assembly and draft annotation represent a crucial addition to the genomic resources currently available for the study of porpoises and Phocoenidae evolution, phylogeny and conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marijke Autenrieth
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Stefanie Hartmann
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Evolutionary Adaptive Genomics, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Ljerka Lah
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Anna Roos
- Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alice B Dennis
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Ralph Tiedemann
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
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8
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Grandi MF, Loizaga de Castro R, Terán E, Santos MR, Bailliet G, Crespo EA. Is recolonization pattern related to female philopatry? An insight into a colonially breeding mammal. Mamm Biol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mambio.2017.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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9
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Francisco FO, Santiago LR, Mizusawa YM, Oldroyd BP, Arias MC. Population structuring of the ubiquitous stingless bee Tetragonisca angustula in southern Brazil as revealed by microsatellite and mitochondrial markers. INSECT SCIENCE 2017; 24:877-890. [PMID: 27334308 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Tetragonisca angustula is one of the most widespread stingless bees in the Neotropics. This species swarms frequently and is extremely successful in urban environments. In addition, it is one of the most popular stingless bee species for beekeeping in Latin America, so nest transportation and trading is common. Nest transportation can change the genetic structure of the host population, reducing inbreeding and increasing homogenization. Here, we evaluate the genetic structure of 17 geographic populations of T. angustula in southern Brazil to quantify the level of genetic differentiation between populations. Analyses were conducted on partially sequenced mitochondrial genes and 11 microsatellite loci of 1002 workers from 457 sites distributed on the mainland and on 3 islands. Our results show that T. angustula populations are highly differentiated as demonstrated by mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and microsatellite markers. Of 73 haplotypes, 67 were population-specific. MtDNA diversity was low in 9 populations but microsatellite diversity was moderate to high in all populations. Microsatellite data suggest 10 genetic clusters and low level of gene flow throughout the studied area. However, physical barriers, such as rivers and mountain ranges, or the presence or absence of forest appear to be unrelated to population clusters. Factors such as low dispersal, different ecological conditions, and isolation by distance are most likely shaping the population structure of this species. Thus far, nest transportation has not influenced the general population structure in the studied area. However, due to the genetic structure we found, we recommend that nest transportation should only occur within and between populations that are genetically similar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávio O Francisco
- Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão 277 - sala 320, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Behaviour and Genetics of Social Insects Lab, School of Life and Environmental Sciences A12, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Leandro R Santiago
- Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão 277 - sala 320, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Yuri M Mizusawa
- Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão 277 - sala 320, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Benjamin P Oldroyd
- Behaviour and Genetics of Social Insects Lab, School of Life and Environmental Sciences A12, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Maria C Arias
- Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão 277 - sala 320, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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10
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de Oliveira LR, Gehara MCM, Fraga LD, Lopes F, Túnez JI, Cassini MH, Majluf P, Cárdenas-Alayza S, Pavés HJ, Crespo EA, García N, Loizaga de Castro R, Hoelzel AR, Sepúlveda M, Olavarría C, Valiati VH, Quiñones R, Pérez-Alvarez MJ, Ott PH, Bonatto SL. Ancient female philopatry, asymmetric male gene flow, and synchronous population expansion support the influence of climatic oscillations on the evolution of South American sea lion (Otaria flavescens). PLoS One 2017; 12:e0179442. [PMID: 28654647 PMCID: PMC5487037 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The South American sea lion (Otaria flavescens) is widely distributed along the southern Atlantic and Pacific coasts of South America with a history of significant commercial exploitation. We aimed to evaluate the population genetic structure and the evolutionary history of South American sea lion along its distribution by analyses of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and 10 nuclear microsatellites loci. We analyzed 147 sequences of mtDNA control region and genotyped 111 individuals of South American sea lion for 10 microsatellite loci, representing six populations (Peru, Northern Chile, Southern Chile, Uruguay (Brazil), Argentina and Falkland (Malvinas) Islands) and covering the entire distribution of the species. The mtDNA phylogeny shows that haplotypes from the two oceans comprise two very divergent clades as observed in previous studies, suggesting a long period (>1 million years) of low inter-oceanic female gene flow. Bayesian analysis of bi-parental genetic diversity supports significant (but less pronounced than mitochondrial) genetic structure between Pacific and Atlantic populations, although also suggested some inter-oceanic gene flow mediated by males. Higher male migration rates were found in the intra-oceanic population comparisons, supporting very high female philopatry in the species. Demographic analyses showed that populations from both oceans went through a large population expansion ~10,000 years ago, suggesting a very similar influence of historical environmental factors, such as the last glacial cycle, on both regions. Our results support the proposition that the Pacific and Atlantic populations of the South American sea lion should be considered distinct evolutionarily significant units, with at least two managements units in each ocean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Rosa de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Ecologia de Mamíferos, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, São Leopoldo, RS, Brazil
- Grupo de Estudos de Mamíferos Aquáticos do Rio Grande do Sul, Osório, RS, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Marcelo C. M. Gehara
- Herpetology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY, United States of America
- Faculdade de Biociências, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Lúcia D. Fraga
- Laboratório de Ecologia de Mamíferos, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, São Leopoldo, RS, Brazil
- Faculdade de Biociências, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernando Lopes
- Laboratório de Ecologia de Mamíferos, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, São Leopoldo, RS, Brazil
- Faculdade de Biociências, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Juan Ignacio Túnez
- Grupo GEMA, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de Luján and CONICET, Luján, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcelo H. Cassini
- Grupo GEMA, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de Luján and CONICET, Luján, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Biología del Comportamiento, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Patricia Majluf
- Centro para la Sostenibilidad Ambiental / Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú
| | - Susana Cárdenas-Alayza
- Centro para la Sostenibilidad Ambiental / Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú
| | - Héctor J. Pavés
- Departamento de Ciencias Básica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Santo Tomas, Osorno, Chile
| | - Enrique Alberto Crespo
- Laboratorio de Mamíferos Marinos, Centro para el Estudio de los Sistemas Marinos (CENPAT-CONICET), Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
| | - Nestor García
- Laboratorio de Mamíferos Marinos, Centro para el Estudio de los Sistemas Marinos (CENPAT-CONICET), Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
| | - Rocío Loizaga de Castro
- Laboratorio de Mamíferos Marinos, Centro para el Estudio de los Sistemas Marinos (CENPAT-CONICET), Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
| | - A. Rus Hoelzel
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom
| | - Maritza Sepúlveda
- Centro de Investigación y Gestión de los Recursos Naturales, Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
- Millenium Nucleus of Invasive Salmonids (INVASAL), Concepción, Chile
| | | | - Victor Hugo Valiati
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, São Leopoldo, RS, Brazil
| | - Renato Quiñones
- Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (FONDAP), Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Maria Jose Pérez-Alvarez
- Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paulo Henrique Ott
- Grupo de Estudos de Mamíferos Aquáticos do Rio Grande do Sul, Osório, RS, Brazil
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação de Organismos Aquáticos, Universidade Estadual do Rio Grande do Sul, Osório, RS, Brazil
| | - Sandro L. Bonatto
- Faculdade de Biociências, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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11
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Hastings KK, Jemison LA, Pendleton GW, Raum-Suryan KL, Pitcher KW. Natal and breeding philopatry of female Steller sea lions in southeastern Alaska. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0176840. [PMID: 28591130 PMCID: PMC5462361 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Information on drivers of dispersal is critical for wildlife conservation but is rare for long-lived marine mammal species with large geographic ranges. We fit multi-state mark-recapture models to resighting data of 369 known-aged Steller sea lion (Eumetopias jubatus) females marked as pups on their natal rookeries in southeastern Alaska from 1994-2005 and monitored from 2001-15. We estimated probabilities of females being first observed parous at their natal site (natal philopatry), and of not moving breeding sites among years (breeding philopatry) at large (> 400 km, all five rookeries in southeastern Alaska) and small (< 4 km, all islands within the largest rookery, Forrester Island Complex, F) spatial scales. At the rookery scale, natal philopatry was moderately high (0.776-0.859) for most rookeries and breeding philopatry was nearly 1, with < 3% of females switching breeding rookeries between years. At more populous islands at F, natal philopatry was 0.500-0.684 versus 0.295-0.437 at less populous islands, and breeding philopatry was 0.919-0.926 versus 0.604-0.858. At both spatial scales, the probability of pupping at a non-natal site increased with population size of, and declined with distance from, the destination site. Natal philopatry of < 1 would increase gene flow, improve population resilience, and promote population recovery after decline in a heterogeneous environment. Very high breeding philopatry suggests that familiarity with neighboring females and knowledge of the breeding site (the topography of pupping sites and nearby foraging locations) may be a critical component to reproductive strategies of sea lions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly K. Hastings
- Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Wildlife Conservation, Anchorage, Alaska, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Lauri A. Jemison
- Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Wildlife Conservation, Anchorage, Alaska, United States of America
| | - Grey W. Pendleton
- Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Wildlife Conservation, Anchorage, Alaska, United States of America
| | - Kimberly L. Raum-Suryan
- National Marine Fisheries Service, Protected Resources Division, Juneau, Alaska, United States of America
| | - Kenneth W. Pitcher
- Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Wildlife Conservation, Anchorage, Alaska, United States of America
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Collins CJ, Chilvers BL, Osborne A, Taylor M, Robertson BC. Unique and isolated: population structure has implications for management of the endangered New Zealand sea lion. CONSERV GENET 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-017-0969-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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13
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Hoffman JI, Kowalski GJ, Klimova A, Eberhart-Phillips LJ, Staniland IJ, Baylis AMM. Population structure and historical demography of South American sea lions provide insights into the catastrophic decline of a marine mammal population. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2016; 3:160291. [PMID: 27493782 PMCID: PMC4968474 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.160291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the causes of population decline is crucial for conservation management. We therefore used genetic analysis both to provide baseline data on population structure and to evaluate hypotheses for the catastrophic decline of the South American sea lion (Otaria flavescens) at the Falkland Islands (Malvinas) in the South Atlantic. We genotyped 259 animals from 23 colonies across the Falklands at 281 bp of the mitochondrial hypervariable region and 22 microsatellites. A weak signature of population structure was detected, genetic diversity was moderately high in comparison with other pinniped species, and no evidence was found for the decline being associated with a strong demographic bottleneck. By combining our mitochondrial data with published sequences from Argentina, Brazil, Chile and Peru, we also uncovered strong maternally directed population structure across the geographical range of the species. In particular, very few shared haplotypes were found between the Falklands and South America, and this was reflected in correspondingly low migration rate estimates. These findings do not support the prominent hypothesis that the decline was caused by migration to Argentina, where large-scale commercial harvesting operations claimed over half a million animals. Thus, our study not only provides baseline data for conservation management but also reveals the potential for genetic studies to shed light upon long-standing questions pertaining to the history and fate of natural populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. I. Hoffman
- Department of Animal Behaviour, University of Bielefeld, Postfach 100131, 33501 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - G. J. Kowalski
- Department of Animal Behaviour, University of Bielefeld, Postfach 100131, 33501 Bielefeld, Germany
- Animal Ecology Group, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Maulbeerallee 1, 14469, Potsdam, Germany
| | - A. Klimova
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste Baja California Sur, La Paz, Mexico
| | - L. J. Eberhart-Phillips
- Department of Animal Behaviour, University of Bielefeld, Postfach 100131, 33501 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - I. J. Staniland
- British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ET, UK
| | - A. M. M. Baylis
- South Atlantic Environmental Research Institute, Stanley FIQQ1ZZ, Falkland Islands
- Falklands Conservation, Stanley FIQQ1ZZ, Falkland Islands
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
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