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Thinh PD, Rasin AB, Silchenko AS, Trung VT, Kusaykin MI, Hang CTT, Menchinskaya ES, Pislyagin EA, Ermakova SP. Pectins from the sea grass Enhalus acoroides (L.f.) Royle: Structure, biological activity and ability to form nanoparticles. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 242:124714. [PMID: 37148937 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Two pectins from the seagrass Enhalus acoroides (L.f.) Royle were isolated for the first time. Their structures and biological activities were investigated. NMR spectroscopy showed one of them to consist exclusively from the repeating →4-α-d-GalpUA→ residue (Ea1), while the other had a much more complex structure that also included 1→3-linked α-d-GalpUA residues, 1→4-linked β-apiose residues and small amounts of galactose and rhamnose (Ea2). The pectin Ea1 showed noticeable dose-dependent immunostimulatory activity, the Ea2 fraction was less effective. Both pectins were used to create pectin-chitosan nanoparticles for the first time, and the influence of pectin/chitosan mass ratio on their size and zeta potential was investigated. Ea1 particles were slightly smaller than Ea2 particles (77 ± 16 nm vs 101 ± 12 nm) and less negatively charged (-23 mV vs -39 mV). Assessment of their thermodynamic parameters showed that only the second pectin could form nanoparticles at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pham Duc Thinh
- Nhatrang Institute of Technology Research and Application, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 02 Hung Vuong Street, 650000 Nhatrang, KhanhHoa, Viet Nam.
| | - Anton B Rasin
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 159, Prospect 100-let Vladivostoku, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Artem S Silchenko
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 159, Prospect 100-let Vladivostoku, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Vo Thanh Trung
- Nhatrang Institute of Technology Research and Application, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 02 Hung Vuong Street, 650000 Nhatrang, KhanhHoa, Viet Nam
| | - Mikhail I Kusaykin
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 159, Prospect 100-let Vladivostoku, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia.
| | - Cao Thi Thuy Hang
- Nhatrang Institute of Technology Research and Application, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 02 Hung Vuong Street, 650000 Nhatrang, KhanhHoa, Viet Nam
| | - Ekaterina S Menchinskaya
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 159, Prospect 100-let Vladivostoku, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Evgeny A Pislyagin
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 159, Prospect 100-let Vladivostoku, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Svetlana P Ermakova
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 159, Prospect 100-let Vladivostoku, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia
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Triest L, Van der Stocken T, Allela Akinyi A, Sierens T, Kairo J, Koedam N. Channel network structure determines genetic connectivity of landward-seaward Avicennia marina populations in a tropical bay. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:12059-12075. [PMID: 33209270 PMCID: PMC7663977 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Mangrove ecosystems along the East African coast are often characterized by a disjunct zonation pattern of seaward and landward Avicennia marina trees. This disjunct zonation may be maintained through different positions in the tidal frame, yielding different dispersal settings. The spatial configuration of the landscape and coastal processes such as tides and waves is expected to largely influence the extent of propagule transport and subsequent regeneration. We hypothesized that landward sites would keep a stronger genetic structure over short distances in comparison with enhanced gene flow among regularly flooded seaward fringes. We tested this hypothesis from densely vegetated A. marina transects of a well-documented mangrove system (Gazi Bay, Kenya) and estimated local gene flow and kinship-based fine-scale genetic structure. Ten polymorphic microsatellite markers in 457 A. marina trees revealed no overall significant difference in levels of allele or gene diversities between sites that differ in hydrological proximity. Genetic structure and connectivity of A. marina populations however indicated an overall effect of geographic distance and revealed a pronounced distinction between channels and topographic setting. Migration models allowed to infer gene flow directionality among channels, and indicated a bidirectional steppingstone between seaward and nearest located landward stands. Admixed gene pools without any fine-scale structure were found within the wider and more exposed Kidogoweni channel, suggesting open systems. Elevated kinship values and structure over 5 to 20 m distance were only detected in two distant landward and seaward transects near the mouth of the Mkurumuji River, indicating local retention and establishment. Overall, our findings show that patterns of A. marina connectivity are explained by hydrological proximity, channel network structure, and hydrokinetic energy, rather than just their positioning as disjunct landward or seaward zones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludwig Triest
- Research Group Plant Biology and Nature ManagementVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium
| | - Tom Van der Stocken
- Research Group Plant Biology and Nature ManagementVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium
| | - Abbie Allela Akinyi
- Research Group Plant Biology and Nature ManagementVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium
| | - Tim Sierens
- Research Group Plant Biology and Nature ManagementVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium
| | - James Kairo
- Department of Oceanography and HydrographyKenya Marine and Fisheries Research InstituteMombasaKenya
| | - Nico Koedam
- Research Group Plant Biology and Nature ManagementVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium
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Balbar AC, Metaxas A. The current application of ecological connectivity in the design of marine protected areas. Glob Ecol Conserv 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2019.e00569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
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