Quinoline Oximes: Synthesis, Reactions, and Biological Activity. (Review)

Visible-Light-Driven Photocatalyst-Free Deoxygenative Radical Transformation of Alcohols to Oxime Ethers

A visible-light-driven deoxygenative cross-coupling of alcohols with sulfonyl oxime ethers has been developed by using xanthate salts as alcohol-activating groups. Upon convenient generation and direct photoexcitation of xanthate anions, a broad range of alcohols including primary ones can efficiently undergo this transformation to afford diverse oxime ethers and derivatives. This one-pot protocol features mild conditions, broad substrate scope, and late-stage applicability, without the need for any external photocatalysts or electron donor-acceptor complex formation.

Radical Transformation of Aliphatic C-H Bonds to Oxime Ethers via Hydrogen Atom Transfer

Herein, we describe a strategy for conversion of aliphatic C-H bonds to oxime ethers via hydrogen atom transfer. In this strategy, the decatungstate anion and sulfate radical play complementary roles in the abstraction of hydrogen atoms from primary, secondary, and tertiary C-H bonds of alkanes. The easy accessibility of alkanes and the broad substrate scope, mild conditions, and excellent regioselectivity of these reactions make this strategy applicable for the transformation of raw materials to high-value chemicals.

Metal-Free Transformation of Sulfonyl Oxime Ethers with Amines to Oxime Ethers

Sulfonyl oxime ethers undergo facile radical substitutions with various amines to yield the corresponding oxime ethers. An efficient arylation of sulfonyl oxime ethers was accomplished under ambient temperature and metal-free conditions, with a wide range of functional group tolerance. Mechanistic investigations indicate that a phenyl radical is involved in the catalytic cycle.

Design and Synthesis of IMR-23, an Oxime Derived from Nitroimidazole as an Immunomodulatory Molecule

BACKGROUND

Adjuvants have been obtained empirically by trial and error experiments and today, there is a tendency to the rational design of adjuvants candidates, which will increasingly achieve effective and safe products. The aim of this work was to design and evaluate the compound IMR-23 derived from nitroimidazole as an immunomodulatory molecule.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The IMR-23 molecule was obtained by a condensation reaction, cytotoxicity was tested by the sulforhodamine B assay. Adjuvanticity was evaluated in vivo and in vitro in J774A.1 cells and in the mouse model, respectively.

RESULTS

IMR-23 that did not show cytotoxicity on HeLa, Vero cells and macrophages J774A.1, was able to induce the production of molecules involved in the inflammatory process, such as cytokines and chemokines determined by ELISA, to induce the production of antibodies and to generate antigenspecific cells to ovalbumin and against the antigen GST-L1b.

CONCLUSION

These results open the possibility of further studies to obtain a proper balance of immunogenicity- toxicity in the use of IMR-23 as an adjuvant molecule.

Visible Light-Induced Pd-Catalyzed Alkyl-Heck Reaction of Oximes

A visible light-induced palladium-catalyzed oxidative C-H alkylation of oximes has been developed. This mild protocol allows for an efficient atom economical C-C bond construction of alkyl-substituted oximes. A broad range of primary, secondary, and tertiary alkyl bromides and iodides, as well as a range of different formaldoximes, can efficiently undergo this transformation. The method features visible light-induced generation of nucleophilic hybrid alkyl Pd radical intermediates, which upon radical addition at the imine moiety and a subsequent β-hydrogen elimination deliver substituted imines.

A Glimpse into Green Chemistry Practices in the Pharmaceutical Industry

In this Minireview, the importance and implementation of green chemistry practices in the pharmaceutical industry are illustrated. With notable examples, some of the most important industrial organic transformations are discussed along with their applications in the synthesis of drug molecules. A brief comparison between traditional unsustainable methods and modern green methods is made to shed light on the economic and environmental benefits of greener methods. Finally, green chemistry practices in the pharmaceutical industries of India and China are also discussed.

O-Benzoyl pyridine aldoxime and amidoxime derivatives: novel efficient DNA photo-cleavage agents

Pyridine oxime esters are effective DNA photocleavers, causing single-/double-stranded DNA cleavage at concentrations as low as 1 μM.

Cobalt catalyzed functionalization of unactivated alkenes: regioselective reductive C-C bond forming reactions

The cobalt catalyzed hydroaldoximation and hydrocyanooximation of unactivated alkenes is reported. Secondary and tertiary aldoximes and oximonitriles are synthesized with excellent regioselectivity under mild conditions, and conversion of the products to valuable intermediates is documented. The reactions expand the arsenal of reductive carbon-carbon bond forming reactions as well as regioselective functionalizations of unactivated double bonds.