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Luo J, Zhou Q, Xu Z, Houk KN, Zheng K. Photochemical Skeletal Editing of Pyridines to Bicyclic Pyrazolines and Pyrazoles. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:21389-21400. [PMID: 38875215 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c03713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
We present an efficient one-pot photochemical skeletal editing protocol for the transformation of pyridines into diverse bicyclic pyrazolines and pyrazoles under mild conditions. The method requires no metals, photocatalysts, or additives and allows for the selective removal of specific carbon atoms from pyridines, allowing for unprecedented versatility. Our approach offers a convenient and efficient means for the late-stage modification of complex drug molecules by replacing the core pyridine skeleton. Moreover, we have successfully scaled up this procedure in stop-flow and flow-chemistry systems, showcasing its applicability to intricate transformations such as the Diels-Alder reaction, hydrogenation, [3 + 2] cycloaddition, and Heck reaction. Through control experiments and DFT calculations, we provide insights into the mechanistic underpinnings of this skeletal editing protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajing Luo
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Qingyang Zhou
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Zhou Xu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - K N Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Ke Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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2
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Fan W, Xiang S, Li Y, Zhang W, Guo S, Huang D. Iodine-Mediated Pyridine Ring Expansion for the Construction of Azepines. Org Lett 2022; 24:2075-2080. [PMID: 35285653 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c00130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A synthesis of azepines by the expansion of pyridine rings promoted by iodine in air is reported. The scope of the method is demonstrated with 27 examples. Two iodinations are involved in the reaction, in which the second iodination leads to the opening of the six-membered ring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weibin Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shiqun Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Yinghua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Shiwei Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Deguang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
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3
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Zhang X, Wang X, Jiao C, Zhao J, Liu X, Zhang G. Transition-metal-free, mild and efficient ring expansion of amino acid derivatives: facile access to densely functionalized azepines. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo01147f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A mild, practical and efficient approach for the synthesis of valuable azepine products was achieved by the ring expansion of easily accessible amino acid derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingjie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules and Drug Innovation, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University (HNU), 46 East of Construction Road, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules and Drug Innovation, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University (HNU), 46 East of Construction Road, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Chenchen Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules and Drug Innovation, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University (HNU), 46 East of Construction Road, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules and Drug Innovation, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University (HNU), 46 East of Construction Road, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Xiaopan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules and Drug Innovation, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University (HNU), 46 East of Construction Road, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Guisheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules and Drug Innovation, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University (HNU), 46 East of Construction Road, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
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4
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Ledenyova IV, Falaleev AV, Shikhaliev KS, Ryzhkova EA, Zubkov FI. Unexpected Reaction of Ethyl 4-(Chloromethyl)pyrazolo- [5,1-c][1,2,4]triazine-3-carboxylates with Thiourea and Its Mechanism. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363218010115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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5
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Yin J, Ye Q, Hao W, Du S, Gu Y, Zhang WX, Xi Z. Formation of Cyclopenta[c]pyridine Derivatives from 2,5-Disubstituted Pyrroles and 1,4-Dibromo-1,3-butadienes via Pyrrole-Ring One-Carbon Expansion. Org Lett 2016; 19:138-141. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b03431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianhao Yin
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), and Key Laboratory
of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Qingyu Ye
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), and Key Laboratory
of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Wei Hao
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), and Key Laboratory
of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shuaijing Du
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), and Key Laboratory
of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yucheng Gu
- Syngenta Jealott’s Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, Berks RG42 6EY, U.K
| | - Wen-Xiong Zhang
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), and Key Laboratory
of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhenfeng Xi
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), and Key Laboratory
of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- State
Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry (SIOC), Shanghai 200032, China
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6
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Huang HX, Wang HJ, Tan L, Wang SQ, Tang P, Song H, Liu XY, Zhang D, Qin Y. Asymmetric Michael Addition Induced by (R)-tert-Butanesulfinamide and Syntheses of Chiral Pyrazolidinone Derivatives. J Org Chem 2016; 81:10506-10516. [PMID: 27439016 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b01237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A highly diastereoselective Michael addition of (R)-N-tert-butanesulfinyl imidates 8 to α,β-unsaturated pyrazolidinone 3a has been developed to afford pyrazolidinones 10 possessing three contiguous stereocenters with good to excellent yield and excellent diastereoselectivity. A two-step conversion of reduction and cyclization provides the bicyclic pyrazolopiperidine 12 in a good yield. A series of pyrazolopiperidine derivatives 18 with a quaternary carbon center at C-3a are stereoselectively synthesized via alkylation or Michael addition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Xiu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Hui-Jing Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Innovative Drug Research Centre, Chongqing University , Chongqing 401331, P. R. China
| | - Ling Tan
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Shu-Qing Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Innovative Drug Research Centre, Chongqing University , Chongqing 401331, P. R. China
| | - Pei Tang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Innovative Drug Research Centre, Chongqing University , Chongqing 401331, P. R. China
| | - Hao Song
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Yu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Yong Qin
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
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Fesenko AA, Trafimova LA, Albov DV, Shutalev AD. Nucleophile-dependent diastereoselectivity in the ring expansion of pyrimidines to give 1,3-diazepines. Tetrahedron Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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8
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Kotov AD, Prokaznikov MA, Antonova EA, Rusakov AI. Synthesis of Nitrogen-Containing Heterocycles from Nitroarenes (Minireview). Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-014-1517-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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9
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Fesenko AA, Shutalev AD. 2,3-Dihydro-1H-1,3-diazepin-2-ones: synthesis and novel rearrangements into pyrrole derivatives. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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