Conjugated 2,4,1- and 1,4,3-enynones as polycentricelectrophiles in synthesis of heterocyclic compounds

Ketone Derivatives of Propargylamines as Synthetic Equivalents of Conjugated 2,4,1-Enynones in the Synthesis of Acetylenic 2-Pyrazolines and Pyrazoles

An interaction of 1,5-diaryl-3-X-pent-4-yn-1-ones (where X stands for piperidin-1-yl, morpholin-4-yl, 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl) with arylhydrazines proceeds at room temperature and results in 3-aryl-5-arylethynyl-1-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazoles with up to 57-73% yields. Under similar conditions, the cyclocondensation of conjugated 2,4,1-enynones with arylhydrazine proceeds only in the presence of cyclic amines. 1,5-Diaryl-3-X-pent-4-yn-1-ones are reported as synthetic equivalents of conjugated 2,4,1-enynones in reactions with arylhydrazines. On the basis of obtained data, there are highly efficient methods developed for the synthesis of 5-arylethynyl-substituted 4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazoles, as well as for similarly structured 1H-pyrazoles prepared by oxidation in AcOH. Presented products possess quite marked fluorescent abilities. Emission maximum wavelengths are located at 453-465 and 363-400 nm, respectively; certain compounds show extremely large Stokes shifts that may reach 91,000 cm^-1.

Michael Addition of 3-Oxo-3-phenylpropanenitrile to Linear Conjugated Enynones: Approach to Polyfunctional δ-Diketones as Precursors for Heterocycle Synthesis

Reaction of linear conjugated enynones, 1,5-diarylpent-2-en-4-yn-1-ones [Ar¹C≡CCH=CHC(=O)Ar²], with 3-oxo-3-phenylpropanenitrile (NCCH₂COPh) in the presence of sodium methoxide MeONa as a base in MeOH at room temperature for 4–26 h affords polyfunctional δ-diketones as a product of regioselective Michael addition to the double carbon–carbon bond of starting enynones. The δ-diketones have been formed as mixtures of two diastereomers in a ratio of 2.5:1 in good general yields of 53–98%. A synthetic potential of the obtained δ-diketones has been demonstrated by heterocyclization with hydrazine into substututed 5,6-dihydro-4H-1,2-diazepine.

Cyclization of arylhydrazones of cross-conjugated enynones: synthesis of luminescent styryl-1H-pyrazoles and propenyl-1H-pyrazoles

On the basis of available ethynyl vinyl ketones and arylhydrazines, the authors have developed the two-stage synthesis method for styrylpyrazoles possessing fluorescent abilities, as well as the gram-scale synthesis method for fluorescent probes.

29th Annual GP2A Medicinal Chemistry Conference

The 29th Annual GP₂A (Group for the Promotion of Pharmaceutical chemistry in Academia) Conference was a virtual event this year due to the COVID-19 pandemic and spanned three days from Wednesday 25 to Friday 27 August 2021. The meeting brought together an international delegation of researchers with interests in medicinal chemistry and interfacing disciplines. Abstracts of keynote lectures given by the 10 invited speakers, along with those of the 8 young researcher talks and the 50 flash presentation posters, are included in this report. Like previous editions, the conference was a real success, with high-level scientific discussions on cutting-edge advances in the fields of pharmaceutical chemistry.

Reactivity of Cross-Conjugated Enynones in Cyclocondensations with Hydrazines: Synthesis of Pyrazoles and Pyrazolines

The cyclocondensation of cross-conjugated enynones, dienynones, and trienynones (easily available due to low-cost starting compounds) with arylhydrazines leads to the regioselective synthesis of pyrazole derivatives (dihetaryl-substituted ethens, buta-1,3-diens, and hexa-1,3,5-triens) or results in 4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazoles in good yield. The reaction path is controlled by the character of the substituent in enynone: the pyrazoles are obtained from the reaction of substrates that contain five-membered heteroaromatic substituents with arylhydrazines, and the 4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazoles are obtained from the reaction of 1,5-diphenylpent-1-en-4-yn-3-one with arylhydrazines consistently. Despite the presence of a substituent, cyclocondensation of 2-hydrazinylpyridine with all of examined cross-conjugated enynones leads to the formation of pyrazoles. The reaction does not require special conditions (temperature, catalyst, inert atmosphere). The cyclocondensation pathways are determined by the electronic effect of an electron-rich five-membered heteroaromatic ring in the substrate. The synthesis allows use of various substituents and functional groups in enynone and hydrazine. The present method features high yields and simplicity of the product purification. The obtained pyrazoles possess fluorescent properties with a quantum yield up to 31%.

Synthesis and reactivity of 3-(1-alkynyl)chromones

For the first time, the literature data on the methods of synthesis and reactivity of 3-(1-alkynyl)chromones are summarized and systematized. The main method for obtaining these compounds is the Sonogashira cross-coupling reaction of 3-halochromones with terminal acetylenes, and their most important chemical properties include the transformation into furans, reactions with dinucleophiles, ambiphilic [4+2]- and [4+3]-cyclizations, and also dimerization and mixed condensation of 2-methyl-3-(1-alkynyl)chromones due to the vinylogous methyl group. Except for the oxacyclization to furans, chemical transformations of 3-(1-alkynyl)chromones are accompanied by pyrone ring transformation, in which not only the carbonyl group but also the triple bond can participate. This significantly increases the synthetic value of these compounds and ensures the production of more complex heterocyclic systems based on them. The mechanisms of the reactions are discussed, the conditions for their implementation and the yields of the resulting products are indicated.

The bibliography includes 80 references.

Stereoselective Synthesis of Multisubstituted Cyclohexanes by Reaction of Conjugated Enynones with Malononitrile in the Presence of LDA

Reaction of linear conjugated enynones, 1,5-diarylpent-2-en-4-yn-1-ones, with malononitrile in the presence of lithium diisopropylamide LDA, as a base, in THF at room temperature for 3–7 h resulted in the formation of the product of dimerization, multisubstituted polyfunctional cyclohexanes, 4-aryl-2,6-bis(arylethynyl)-3-(aryloxomethyl)-4-hydroxycyclohexane-1,1-dicarbonitriles, in yields up to 60%. Varying the reaction conditions by decreasing time and temperature and changing the ratio of starting compounds (enynone and malononitrile) allowed isolating some intermediate compounds, which confirmed a plausible reaction mechanism. The relative stability of possible stereoisomers of such cyclohexanes was estimated by quantum chemical calculations (DFT method). The obtained cyclohexanes were found to possess photoluminescent properties.