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Megantara S, Rusdin A, Budiman A, Shamsuddin S, Mohtar N, Muchtaridi M. Revolutionizing Antiviral Therapeutics: Unveiling Innovative Approaches for Enhanced Drug Efficacy. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:2889-2915. [PMID: 38525012 PMCID: PMC10961067 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s447721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Since the beginning of the coronavirus pandemic in late 2019, viral infections have become one of the top three causes of mortality worldwide. Immunization and the use of immunomodulatory drugs are effective ways to prevent and treat viral infections. However, the primary therapy for managing viral infections remains antiviral and antiretroviral medication. Unfortunately, these drugs are often limited by physicochemical constraints such as low target selectivity and poor aqueous solubility. Although several modifications have been made to enhance the physicochemical characteristics and efficacy of these drugs, there are few published studies that summarize and compare these modifications. Our review systematically synthesized and discussed antiviral drug modification reports from publications indexed in Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases. We examined various approaches that were investigated to address physicochemical issues and increase activity, including liposomes, cocrystals, solid dispersions, salt modifications, and nanoparticle drug delivery systems. We were impressed by how well each strategy addressed physicochemical issues and improved antiviral activity. In conclusion, these modifications represent a promising way to improve the physicochemical characteristics, functionality, and effectiveness of antivirals in clinical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Megantara
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, 45363, Indonesia
- Research Collaboration Centre for Theranostic Radio Pharmaceuticals, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Sumedang, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Agus Rusdin
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Arif Budiman
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, 45363, Indonesia
| | | | - Noratiqah Mohtar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, 11800, Malaysia
| | - Muchtaridi Muchtaridi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, 45363, Indonesia
- Research Collaboration Centre for Theranostic Radio Pharmaceuticals, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Sumedang, 45363, Indonesia
- Functional Nano Powder University Center of Excellence (FiNder U CoE), Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, 45363, Indonesia
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Nitrogen-Containing Heterocyclic Compounds Obtained from Monoterpenes or Their Derivatives: Synthesis and Properties. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2022; 380:42. [PMID: 35951263 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-022-00399-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Directed transformation of available natural compounds with native biological activity is a promising area of research in organic and medicinal chemistry aimed at finding effective drug substances. The number of scientific publications devoted to the transformation of natural compounds and investigations of their pharmacological properties, in particular, monoterpenes and their nearest derivatives, increases every year. At the same time, the chemistry of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds has been actively developed since the 1950s after the news that the benzimidazole core is an integral part of the structure of vitamin B12. At the time of writing this review, the data on chemical modifications of monoterpenes and their nearest derivatives leading to formation of compounds with a nitrogen-containing heterocycle core have not been summarized and systematized in terms of chemical transformations. In this review, we tried to summarize the literature data on the preparation and properties of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds synthesized from monoterpenes/monoterpenoids and their nearest derivatives for the period from 2000 to 2021.
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Sedenkova KN, Andriasov KS, Eremenko MG, Grishin YK, Alferova VA, Baranova AA, Zefirov NA, Zefirova ON, Zarubaev VV, Gracheva YA, Milaeva ER, Averina EB. Bicyclic Isoxazoline Derivatives: Synthesis and Evaluation of Biological Activity. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27113546. [PMID: 35684482 PMCID: PMC9182378 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The application of non-planar scaffolds in drug design allows for the enlargement of the chemical space, and for the construction of molecules that have more effective target-ligand interactions or are less prone to the development of resistance. Among the works of the last decade, a literature search revealed spirothiazamenthane, which has served as a lead in the development of derivatives active against resistant viral strains. In this work, we studied the novel molecular scaffold, which resembles spirothiazamenthane, but combines isoxazoline as a heterocycle and cyclooctane ring as a hydrophobic part of the structure. The synthesis of new 3-nitro- and 3-aminoisoxazolines containing spiro-fused or 1,2-annelated cyclooctane fragments was achieved by employing 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of 3-nitro-4,5-dihydroisoxazol-4-ol 2-oxide or tetranitromethane-derived alkyl nitronates with non-activated alkenes. A series of spiro-sulfonamides was obtained by the reaction of 3-aminoisoxazoline containing a spiro-fused cyclooctane residue with sulfonyl chlorides. Preliminary screening of the compounds for antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal and antiproliferative properties in vitro revealed 1-oxa-2-azaspiro[4.7]dodec-2-en-3-amine and 3a,4,5,6,7,8,9,9a-octahydrocycloocta[d]isoxazol-3-amine with activity against the influenza A/Puerto Rico/8/34 (H1N1) virus in the submicromolar range, and high values of selectivity index. Further study of the mechanism of the antiviral action of these compounds, and the synthesis of their analogues, is likely to identify new agents against resistant viral strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kseniya N. Sedenkova
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (K.N.S.); (K.S.A.); (M.G.E.); (Y.K.G.); (N.A.Z.); (O.N.Z.); (Y.A.G.); (E.R.M.)
| | - Kristian S. Andriasov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (K.N.S.); (K.S.A.); (M.G.E.); (Y.K.G.); (N.A.Z.); (O.N.Z.); (Y.A.G.); (E.R.M.)
| | - Marina G. Eremenko
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (K.N.S.); (K.S.A.); (M.G.E.); (Y.K.G.); (N.A.Z.); (O.N.Z.); (Y.A.G.); (E.R.M.)
| | - Yuri K. Grishin
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (K.N.S.); (K.S.A.); (M.G.E.); (Y.K.G.); (N.A.Z.); (O.N.Z.); (Y.A.G.); (E.R.M.)
| | - Vera A. Alferova
- Gause Institute of New Antibiotics, B. Pirogovskaya 11, 119021 Moscow, Russia; (V.A.A.); (A.A.B.)
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna A. Baranova
- Gause Institute of New Antibiotics, B. Pirogovskaya 11, 119021 Moscow, Russia; (V.A.A.); (A.A.B.)
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikolay A. Zefirov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (K.N.S.); (K.S.A.); (M.G.E.); (Y.K.G.); (N.A.Z.); (O.N.Z.); (Y.A.G.); (E.R.M.)
| | - Olga N. Zefirova
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (K.N.S.); (K.S.A.); (M.G.E.); (Y.K.G.); (N.A.Z.); (O.N.Z.); (Y.A.G.); (E.R.M.)
| | - Vladimir V. Zarubaev
- Saint Petersburg Pasteur Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, 14 Mira St., 197101 Saint Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Yulia A. Gracheva
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (K.N.S.); (K.S.A.); (M.G.E.); (Y.K.G.); (N.A.Z.); (O.N.Z.); (Y.A.G.); (E.R.M.)
| | - Elena R. Milaeva
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (K.N.S.); (K.S.A.); (M.G.E.); (Y.K.G.); (N.A.Z.); (O.N.Z.); (Y.A.G.); (E.R.M.)
| | - Elena B. Averina
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (K.N.S.); (K.S.A.); (M.G.E.); (Y.K.G.); (N.A.Z.); (O.N.Z.); (Y.A.G.); (E.R.M.)
- Correspondence:
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