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Cytotoxicity of Mahanimbine from Curry Leaves in Human Breast Cancer Cells (MCF-7) via Mitochondrial Apoptosis and Anti-Angiogenesis. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27030971. [PMID: 35164236 PMCID: PMC8838323 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mahanimbine (MN) is a carbazole alkaloid present in the leaves of Murraya koenigii, which is an integral part of medicinal and culinary practices in Asia. In the present study, the anticancer, apoptotic and anti-invasive potential of MN has been delineated in vitro. Apoptosis cells determination was carried out utilizing the acridine orange/propidium iodide double fluorescence test. During treatment, caspase-3/7,-8, and-9 enzymes and mitochondrial membrane potentials (Δψm) were evaluated. Anti-invasive properties were tested utilizing a wound-healing scratch test. Protein and gene expression studies were used to measure Bax, Bcl2, MMP-2, and -9 levels. The results show that MN could induce apoptosis in MCF-7 cells at 14 µM concentration IC50. MN-induced mitochondria-mediated apoptosis, with loss in Δψm, regulation of Bcl2/Bax, and accumulation of ROS (p ≤ 0.05). Caspase-3/7 and -9 enzyme activity were detected in MCF-7 cells after 24 and 48 h of treatment with MN. The anti-invasive property of MN was shown by inhibition of wound healing at the dose-dependent level and significantly suppressed mRNA and protein expression on MMP-2 and -9 in MCF-7 cells treated with a sub-cytotoxic dose of MN. The overall results indicate MN is a potential therapeutic compound against breast cancer as an apoptosis inducer and anti-invasive agent.
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Tan SP, Ali AM, Nafiah MA, Awang K, Ahmad K. Isolation and cytotoxic investigation of new carbazole alkaloids from Murraya koenigii (Linn.) Spreng. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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You CX, Yang K, Wang CF, Zhang WJ, Wang Y, Han J, Fan L, Du SS, Geng ZF, Deng ZW. Cytotoxic compounds isolated from Murraya tetramera Huang. Molecules 2014; 19:13225-34. [PMID: 25165861 PMCID: PMC6271660 DOI: 10.3390/molecules190913225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Revised: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
A new compound and seven known compounds were isolated from Murraya tetramera Huang for the first time, and they were identified with NMR and MS spectral analysis. It was confirmed that the new compound was 10-methoxy-7-methyl-2H-benzo[g]chromen-2-one (3) and the others were β-eudesmol (1), trans-3β-(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)-8aβ-methyl-5-methylenedecalin-2-one (2), 5,7-dimethoxy-8-[(Z)-3'-methyl-butan-1',3'-dienyl]coumarin (4), 7-geranyloxy-6-methoxycoumarin (5), 5,7-dimethoxy-8-(3-methyl-2-oxo-butyl)coumarin (6), murrangatin acetate (7) and toddalenone (8). Furthermore, the cytotoxic activity against human lung adenocarcinoma (A549), human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (SMMC-7721), human bladder tumor cells (EJ), human cervical carcinoma cells (HeLa), and human B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia 1 cells (BALL-1) was evaluated for all compounds. It was found that five of them displayed various degrees of cytotoxicity against different testing targets. Compound 1 showed significant cytotoxic activity against the five cell lines (A549, SMMC-7721, EJ, Hela and BALL-1). Compounds 2 and 5 showed significant cytotoxicity against three cell lines (A549, SMMC-7721 and BALL-1). Compound 4 showed significant cytotoxicity against three cell lines (A549, EJ and BALL-1). However, compound 3 only showed fair cytotoxicity against the BALL-1 cell line. The structure-active relationships were investigated as well. These active compounds might be potential lead compounds for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Xue You
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Haidian District, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Kai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Haidian District, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Cheng-Fang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Haidian District, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Wen-Juan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Haidian District, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Haidian District, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Jiao Han
- Analytical and Testing Center, Beijing Normal University, Haidian District, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Li Fan
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency, National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xicheng District, Beijing 100088, China.
| | - Shu-Shan Du
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Haidian District, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Zhu-Feng Geng
- Analytical and Testing Center, Beijing Normal University, Haidian District, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Zhi-Wei Deng
- Analytical and Testing Center, Beijing Normal University, Haidian District, Beijing 100875, China.
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