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Khattab AR, Farag MA. Marine and terrestrial endophytic fungi: a mine of bioactive xanthone compounds, recent progress, limitations, and novel applications. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2021; 42:403-430. [PMID: 34266351 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2021.1940087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Endophytic fungi are a kind of fungi that colonizes living plant tissues presenting a myriad of microbial adaptations that have been developed in such a hidden environment. Owing to its large diversity and particular habituation, they present a golden mine for research in the field of drug discovery. Endophytic fungal communities possess unique biocatalytic machinery that furnishes a myriad of complex natural product scaffolds. Xanthone compounds are examples of endophytic secondary metabolic products with pronounced biological activity to include: antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic, antiulcer, choleretic, diuretic, and monoamine oxidase inhibiting activity.The current review compiles the recent progress made on the microbiological production of xanthones using fungal endophytes obtained from both marine and terrestrial origins, with comparisons being made among both natural resources. The biosynthesis of xanthones in endophytic fungi is outlined along with its decoding enzymes. Biotransformation reactions reported to be carried out using different endophytic microbial models are also outlined for xanthones structural modification purposes and the production of novel molecules.A promising application of novel computational tools is presented as a future direction for the goal of optimizing microbial xanthones production to include establishing metabolic pathway databases and the in silico analysis of microbial interactions. Metagenomics methods and related bioinformatics platforms are highlighted as unexplored tools for the biodiversity analysis of endophytic microbial communities that are difficult to be cultured.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira R Khattab
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Farag
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.,Chemistry Department, School of Sciences & Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo, Egypt
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Xu TC, Lu YH, Wang JF, Song ZQ, Hou YG, Liu SS, Liu CS, Wu SH. Bioactive Secondary Metabolites of the Genus Diaporthe and Anamorph Phomopsis from Terrestrial and Marine Habitats and Endophytes: 2010-2019. Microorganisms 2021; 9:217. [PMID: 33494367 PMCID: PMC7912663 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9020217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The genus Diaporthe and its anamorph Phomopsis are distributed worldwide in many ecosystems. They are regarded as potential sources for producing diverse bioactive metabolites. Most species are attributed to plant pathogens, non-pathogenic endophytes, or saprobes in terrestrial host plants. They colonize in the early parasitic tissue of plants, provide a variety of nutrients in the cycle of parasitism and saprophytism, and participate in the basic metabolic process of plants. In the past ten years, many studies have been focused on the discovery of new species and biological secondary metabolites from this genus. In this review, we summarize a total of 335 bioactive secondary metabolites isolated from 26 known species and various unidentified species of Diaporthe and Phomopsis during 2010-2019. Overall, there are 106 bioactive compounds derived from Diaporthe and 246 from Phomopsis, while 17 compounds are found in both of them. They are classified into polyketides, terpenoids, steroids, macrolides, ten-membered lactones, alkaloids, flavonoids, and fatty acids. Polyketides constitute the main chemical population, accounting for 64%. Meanwhile, their bioactivities mainly involve cytotoxic, antifungal, antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-algae, phytotoxic, and enzyme inhibitory activities. Diaporthe and Phomopsis exhibit their potent talents in the discovery of small molecules for drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Shao-Hua Wu
- Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China; (T.-C.X.); (Y.-H.L.); (J.-F.W.); (Z.-Q.S.); (Y.-G.H.); (S.-S.L.); (C.-S.L.)
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Singh A, Singh DK, Kharwar RN, White JF, Gond SK. Fungal Endophytes as Efficient Sources of Plant-Derived Bioactive Compounds and Their Prospective Applications in Natural Product Drug Discovery: Insights, Avenues, and Challenges. Microorganisms 2021; 9:197. [PMID: 33477910 PMCID: PMC7833388 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9010197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungal endophytes are well-established sources of biologically active natural compounds with many producing pharmacologically valuable specific plant-derived products. This review details typical plant-derived medicinal compounds of several classes, including alkaloids, coumarins, flavonoids, glycosides, lignans, phenylpropanoids, quinones, saponins, terpenoids, and xanthones that are produced by endophytic fungi. This review covers the studies carried out since the first report of taxol biosynthesis by endophytic Taxomyces andreanae in 1993 up to mid-2020. The article also highlights the prospects of endophyte-dependent biosynthesis of such plant-derived pharmacologically active compounds and the bottlenecks in the commercialization of this novel approach in the area of drug discovery. After recent updates in the field of 'omics' and 'one strain many compounds' (OSMAC) approach, fungal endophytes have emerged as strong unconventional source of such prized products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archana Singh
- Department of Botany, MMV, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India;
- Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Dheeraj K. Singh
- Department of Botany, Harish Chandra Post Graduate College, Varanasi 221001, India
| | - Ravindra N. Kharwar
- Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - James F. White
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Surendra K. Gond
- Department of Botany, MMV, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India;
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Hu SS, Liang MJ, Mi QL, Chen W, Ling J, Chen X, Li J, Yang GY, Hu QF, Wang WG, Guo YD. Two New Diphenyl Ether Derivatives from the Fermentation Products of the Endophytic Fungus Phomopsis asparagi. Chem Nat Compd 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-019-02828-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Yang HY, Duan YQ, Yang YK, Liu X, Ye L, Mi QL, Kong WS, Zhou M, Yang GY, Hu QF, Li XM, Li J. Two New Diphenyl Ether Derivatives from the Fermentation Products of an Endophytic Fungus Phomopsis fukushii. Chem Nat Compd 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-019-02706-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Gao YH, Zheng R, Li J, Kong WS, Liu X, Ye L, Mi QL, Kong WS, Zhou M, Yang GY, Hu QF, Du G, Yang HY, Li XM. Three new diphenyl ether derivatives from the fermentation products of an endophytic fungus Phomopsis fukushii. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2019; 21:316-322. [PMID: 29338435 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2017.1421177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Three new diphenyl ethers (1-3), together with four known isopentylated diphenyl ethers derivatives (4-7), were isolated from the fermentation products of an endophytic fungus Phomopsis fukushii. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including extensive 1D and 2D NMR techniques. Compounds 1-3 were evaluated for their anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (anti-MRSA) activity. The results revealed that compounds 1 and 2 showed strong inhibitions with inhibition zone diameters (IZD) of 20.2 ± 2.5 mm and 17.9 ± 2.2 mm, respectively. Compound 3 also showed good inhibition with IZD 15.2 ± 1.8 mm. The IZD data of compound 1 is close to that of positive control with IZD 21.9 ± 2.1 mm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hong Gao
- a Department of Clinical Laboratories , The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province , Kunming 650032 , China
| | - Rui Zheng
- a Department of Clinical Laboratories , The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province , Kunming 650032 , China
| | - Jing Li
- c Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry of Yunnan Province , China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co., Ltd , Kunming 650231 , China
| | - Wei-Song Kong
- c Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry of Yunnan Province , China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co., Ltd , Kunming 650231 , China
| | - Xin Liu
- c Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry of Yunnan Province , China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co., Ltd , Kunming 650231 , China
| | - Lin Ye
- c Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry of Yunnan Province , China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co., Ltd , Kunming 650231 , China
| | - Qi-Li Mi
- c Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry of Yunnan Province , China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co., Ltd , Kunming 650231 , China
| | - Wei-Song Kong
- c Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry of Yunnan Province , China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co., Ltd , Kunming 650231 , China
| | - Min Zhou
- b Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education , Yunnan Minzu University , Kunming 650031 , China
| | - Guang-Yu Yang
- c Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry of Yunnan Province , China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co., Ltd , Kunming 650231 , China
| | - Qiu-Fen Hu
- b Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education , Yunnan Minzu University , Kunming 650031 , China
| | - Gang Du
- b Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education , Yunnan Minzu University , Kunming 650031 , China
| | - Hai-Ying Yang
- b Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education , Yunnan Minzu University , Kunming 650031 , China
| | - Xue-Mei Li
- c Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry of Yunnan Province , China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co., Ltd , Kunming 650231 , China
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Li ZJ, Yang HY, Li J, Liu X, Ye L, Kong WS, Tang SY, Du G, Liu ZH, Zhou M, Yang GY, Hu QF, Li XM. Isopentylated diphenyl ether derivatives from the fermentation products of an endophytic fungus Phomopsis fukushii. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2018; 71:359-362. [PMID: 29348531 DOI: 10.1038/s41429-017-0006-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2017] [Revised: 10/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Three new isopentylated diphenyl ethers, (1-3), together with two known isopentylated diphenyl ethers derivatives (4 and 5) were isolated from the fermentation products of an endophytic fungus Phomopsis fukushii. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including extensive 1D- and 2D NMR techniques. Compounds 1-3 were evaluated for their anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (anti-MRSA) activity. The results showed that compounds 1-3 showed strong activity with diameter of inhibition zone (IZD) of 21.8 ± 2.4 mm, 16.8 ± 2.2 mm, and 15.6 ± 2.0 mm, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Jie Li
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry of Yunnan Province, China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co.Ltd, Kunming, 650231, China
| | - Hai-Ying Yang
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650031, China
| | - Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry of Yunnan Province, China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co.Ltd, Kunming, 650231, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry of Yunnan Province, China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co.Ltd, Kunming, 650231, China
| | - Lin Ye
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry of Yunnan Province, China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co.Ltd, Kunming, 650231, China
| | - Wei-Song Kong
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry of Yunnan Province, China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co.Ltd, Kunming, 650231, China
| | - Shi-Yun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry of Yunnan Province, China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co.Ltd, Kunming, 650231, China
| | - Gang Du
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650031, China
| | - Zhi-Hua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry of Yunnan Province, China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co.Ltd, Kunming, 650231, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650031, China
| | - Guang-Yu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry of Yunnan Province, China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co.Ltd, Kunming, 650231, China.,Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650031, China
| | - Qiu-Fen Hu
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650031, China.
| | - Xue-Mei Li
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry of Yunnan Province, China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co.Ltd, Kunming, 650231, China.
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