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Tziveleka LA, Tammam MA, Tzakou O, Roussis V, Ioannou E. Metabolites with Antioxidant Activity from Marine Macroalgae. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1431. [PMID: 34573063 PMCID: PMC8470618 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) attack biological molecules, such as lipids, proteins, enzymes, DNA, and RNA, causing cellular and tissue damage. Hence, the disturbance of cellular antioxidant homeostasis can lead to oxidative stress and the onset of a plethora of diseases. Macroalgae, growing in stressful conditions under intense exposure to UV radiation, have developed protective mechanisms and have been recognized as an important source of secondary metabolites and macromolecules with antioxidant activity. In parallel, the fact that many algae can be cultivated in coastal areas ensures the provision of sufficient quantities of fine chemicals and biopolymers for commercial utilization, rendering them a viable source of antioxidants. This review focuses on the progress made concerning the discovery of antioxidant compounds derived from marine macroalgae, covering the literature up to December 2020. The present report presents the antioxidant potential and biogenetic origin of 301 macroalgal metabolites, categorized according to their chemical classes, highlighting the mechanisms of antioxidative action when known.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leto-Aikaterini Tziveleka
- Section of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (L.-A.T.); (M.A.T.); (O.T.); (V.R.)
| | - Mohamed A. Tammam
- Section of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (L.-A.T.); (M.A.T.); (O.T.); (V.R.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt
| | - Olga Tzakou
- Section of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (L.-A.T.); (M.A.T.); (O.T.); (V.R.)
| | - Vassilios Roussis
- Section of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (L.-A.T.); (M.A.T.); (O.T.); (V.R.)
| | - Efstathia Ioannou
- Section of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (L.-A.T.); (M.A.T.); (O.T.); (V.R.)
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Machado S, González-Ballesteros N, Gonçalves A, Magalhães L, Sárria Pereira de Passos M, Rodríguez-Argüelles MC, Castro Gomes A. Toxicity in vitro and in Zebrafish Embryonic Development of Gold Nanoparticles Biosynthesized Using Cystoseira Macroalgae Extracts. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:5017-5036. [PMID: 34326639 PMCID: PMC8315781 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s300674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Research on gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) occupies a prominent place in the field of biomedicine nowadays, being their putative toxicity and bioactivity areas of major concern. The green synthesis of metallic nanoparticles using extracts from marine organisms allows the avoidance of hazardous production steps while maintaining features of interest, thus enabling the exploitation of their promising bioactivity. OBJECTIVE To synthesize and characterize AuNPs using, for the first time, macroalga Cystoseira tamariscifolia aqueous extract (Au@CT). METHODS Algal aqueous extracts were used for the synthesis of AuNPs, which were characterized using a wide panel of physicochemical techniques and biological assays. RESULTS The characterization by UV-Vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Z-potential and infrared spectroscopy confirmed that Au@CT were stable, spherical and polycrystalline, with a mean diameter of 7.6 ± 2.2 nm. The antioxidant capacity of the extract, prior to and after synthesis, was analyzed in vitro, showing that the high antioxidant potential was not lost during the synthesis. Subsequently, in vitro and in vivo toxicity was screened, by comparing two species of the genus Cystoseira (C. tamariscifolia and C. baccata) and the corresponding biosynthesized gold nanoparticles (Au@CT and Au@CB). Cytotoxicity was tested in mouse (L929) and human (BJ5ta) fibroblast cell lines. In both cases, only the highest (nominal) test concentration of both extracts (31.25 mg/mL) or Au@CB (12.5 mM) significantly affected cell viability, as measured by the MTT assay. These results were corroborated by a Fish Embryo Acute Toxicity (FET) test. Briefly, it was shown that, at the highest (nominal) tested concentration (31.25 mg/mL), CT extract induced significantly higher cytotoxicity and embryotoxicity than CB extract. However, it was demonstrated that Au@CT, but not Au@CB, were generally non-toxic. At sub-lethal (nominal) test concentrations (1.25 and 2.5 mM), Au@CT affected zebrafish embryonic development to a much lesser extent than Au@CB. In vitro wound healing assays also revealed that, while other experimental conditions did not impact cell migration, CT and Au@CT displayed a moderate positive effect. CONCLUSION Au@CT and Au@CB display promising features, desirable for biomedical applications, as wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Machado
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, 4710-057, Portugal
| | | | - Anabela Gonçalves
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, 4710-057, Portugal
- Institute of Science and Innovation for Bio-Sustainability (IB-S), Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, 4710-057, Portugal
| | - Luana Magalhães
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, 4710-057, Portugal
| | - Marisa Sárria Pereira de Passos
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Braga, 4715-330, Portugal
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, 21027, Italy
| | | | - Andreia Castro Gomes
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, 4710-057, Portugal
- Institute of Science and Innovation for Bio-Sustainability (IB-S), Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, 4710-057, Portugal
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Ahmed SA, Rahman AA, Elsayed KNM, Abd El-Mageed HR, Mohamed HS, Ahmed SA. Cytotoxic activity, molecular docking, pharmacokinetic properties and quantum mechanics calculations of the brown macroalga Cystoseira trinodis compounds. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 39:3855-3873. [PMID: 32462976 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1774418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, nine compounds were isolated, eight of them were isolated for the first time from Cystoseira trinodis. The biological activity of the extract, fractions and pure compounds was evaluated. The antimicrobial activity was investigated against 3 fungi species, 3 gram + ve and 3 gram -ve bacteria. The crude extract and fractions showed moderate inhibition against some of the tested microorganisms, especially the butanol fraction exhibited the maximum inhibition zone against Salmonella typhimurium (16 ± 0.60 mm). Cytotoxicity was evaluated against HepG-2 and MCF-7 cell lines. Hexane fraction exhibited the highest cytotoxic effect against HepG-2 and MCF-7 cell lines with an IC50 value of 14.3 ± 0.8 and 19.2 ± 0.7 µg/ml, respectively with compared to other fractions. The isolates were identified as octacosanoic acid (1), glyceryl trilinoleate (2), oleic acid (3), and the epimeric mixture of saringosterols (4, 5), β-sitosterol (6), glycoglycerolipid (7) and a mixture of kjellmanianone and loliolide (8, 9) by spectroscopic analysis. Among the all tested compounds kjellmanianone and loliolide mixture exhibited significant cytotoxic activity with an IC50 value of 7.27 µg/ml against HepG-2 cells. The major and minor constituents of the extract and fractions were identified using GC-MS analysis. Molecular docking analysis confirmed that most of the studied compounds especially compounds 8 and 9 strongly interact with TPK and VEGFR-2 with highest binding energies supported that the high cytotoxicity of these compounds against human hepatocellular cancer in the experimental part. The energetic, geometric and topological properties of compounds 8 and 9 binding with cytosine base were computed by DFT methods. Molecular properties descriptors, bioactivity score and ADMET analysis confirmed that most of the studied compounds especially compounds 8 and 9 exhibit significant biological activities and have a better chance to be developed as drug leads. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimaa A Ahmed
- Department of chemistry, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Aziz A Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Khaled N M Elsayed
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - H R Abd El-Mageed
- Micro-analysis and Environmental Research and Community Services Center, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef City, Egypt
| | - Hussein S Mohamed
- Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (RIMAP), Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef City, Egypt
| | - Sayed A Ahmed
- Department of chemistry, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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Abstract
Covering: 2015. Previous review: Nat. Prod. Rep., 2016, 33, 382-431This review covers the literature published in 2015 for marine natural products (MNPs), with 1220 citations (792 for the period January to December 2015) referring to compounds isolated from marine microorganisms and phytoplankton, green, brown and red algae, sponges, cnidarians, bryozoans, molluscs, tunicates, echinoderms, mangroves and other intertidal plants and microorganisms. The emphasis is on new compounds (1340 in 429 papers for 2015), together with the relevant biological activities, source organisms and country of origin. Reviews, biosynthetic studies, first syntheses, and syntheses that lead to the revision of structures or stereochemistries, have been included.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W Blunt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand.
| | - Brent R Copp
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Robert A Keyzers
- Centre for Biodiscovery, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Murray H G Munro
- Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand.
| | - Michèle R Prinsep
- Chemistry, School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
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González-Ballesteros N, Prado-López S, Rodríguez-González JB, Lastra M, Rodríguez-Argüelles MC. Green synthesis of gold nanoparticles using brown algae Cystoseira baccata: Its activity in colon cancer cells. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 153:190-198. [PMID: 28242372 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
This study is the first dealt with the use of brown macroalgae Cystoseira baccata (CB) extracts in obtaining gold nanoparticles (Au@CB) through an eco-friendly, fast, one-pot synthetic route. The formation of spherical, stable, polycrystalline nanoparticles with mean diameter of 8.4±2.2nm was demonstrated by UV-vis spectroscopy, TEM, HRTEM, STEM and zeta potential measurements. The extract appears to act as a protective agent where the particles are embedded, keeping them separated, avoiding aggregation and coalescence. The EELS and EDS analyses confirmed the elemental composition of the extract and nanoparticles. Moreover, the functional group of biomolecules present in CB and Au@CB were characterized by FTIR. The effects of CB extract and Au@CB were tested in vitro on the colon cancer cell lines HT-29 and Caco-2, as well as on normal primary neonatal dermal fibroblast cell line PCS-201-010. Results show a stronger cytotoxic effect against HT-29 than that on Caco-2; interestingly, a lack of toxicity on PCS-201-010 was obtained. Finally, the apoptotic activity was determined; Au@CB is able to induce apoptosis activation by the extrinsic and mitochondrial pathway in our CRC in vitro model. These encouraging results suggest that Au@CB has a significant potential for the treatment of colon rectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S Prado-López
- Departamento de Genética, Bioquímica e Inmunología, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - J B Rodríguez-González
- Scientific and Technological Research Assistance Center (CACTI), Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - M Lastra
- Estación de Ciencias Marinas de Toralla (ECIMAT), Universidade de Vigo, 36331 Vigo, Spain
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