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Chen Y, Hour MJ, Lin CS, Chang YS, Chen ZY, Koval'skaya AV, Su WC, Tsypysheva IP, Lin CW. Assessing the inhibitory effects of some secondary amines, thioureas and 1,3-dimethyluracil conjugates of (-)-cytisine and thermopsine on the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2024; 113:129950. [PMID: 39251111 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2024.129950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2024] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 causes COVID-19, with symptoms ranging from mild to severe, including pneumonia and death. This beta coronavirus has a 30-kilobase RNA genome and shares about 80 % of its nucleotide sequence with SARS-CoV-1. The replication/transcription complex, essential for viral RNA synthesis, includes RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp, nsp12) enhanced by nsp7 and nsp8. Antivirals like molnupiravir and remdesivir, which are RdRp inhibitors, treat severe COVID-19 but have limitations, highlighting the need for new therapies. This study assessed (-)-cytisine, methylcytisine, and thermopsine derivatives against SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 in vitro, focusing on their RdRp inhibition. Selected compounds from a previous study were evaluated using a SARS-CoV-2 RNA polymerase assay kit to investigate their structure-activity relationships. Compound 17 (1,3-dimethyluracil conjugate with (-)-cytisine and thermopsine) emerged as a potent inhibitor of SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 RdRp, with an IC50 value of 7.8 μM against SARS-CoV-2 RdRp. It showed a dose-dependent reduction in cytopathic effects in cells infected with SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 replicon-based single-round infectious particles (SRIPs) and significantly inhibited SARS-CoV N protein expression, with EC50 values of 0.12 µM for SARS-CoV-1 and 1.47 µM for SARS-CoV-2 SRIPs. Additionally, compound 17 reduced viral subgenomic RNA levels in a concentration-dependent manner in SRIP-infected cells. The structure-activity relationships of compound 17 with SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 RdRp were also investigated, highlighting it as a promising lead for developing antiviral agents against SARS and COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeh Chen
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mann-Jen Hour
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Sheng Lin
- Division of Gastroenterology, Kuang Tien General Hospital, No. 117, Shatian Rd, Shalu District, Taichung City 433, Taiwan
| | - Young-Sheng Chang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, Taichung 404394, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404394, Taiwan
| | - Zan-Yu Chen
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, Taichung 404394, Taiwan
| | - Alena V Koval'skaya
- Ufa Institute of Chemistry, Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 71 prosp. Oktyabrya, 450054 Ufa, Russian Federation
| | - Wen-Chi Su
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404394, Taiwan; International Master's Program of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404394, Taiwan
| | - Inna P Tsypysheva
- Ufa Institute of Chemistry, Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 71 prosp. Oktyabrya, 450054 Ufa, Russian Federation.
| | - Cheng-Wen Lin
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, Taichung 404394, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404394, Taiwan; Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Wufeng, Taichung 413305, Taiwan.
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Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of cytisine derivatives against dengue virus types 1 and 2. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 54:128437. [PMID: 34737087 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.128437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) causes about 50-100 million cases per year worldwide. However, there is still a big challenge in developing antiviral drugs against DENV infection. Some derivatives of alkaloid (-)-cytisine, like other alkaloid analogs, have been proposed for their antiviral potential. This study investigated antiviral activity and mechanisms of the cytisine derivatives, and discovered the structure-activity relationship against DENV. The antiviral assays were performed using one strain of DENV1 and DENV2, and two cell lines Vero E6 and A549. The structure-activity relationship of the effective compounds was also evaluated using combination of time-of-addition/removal assay and molecular docking. Compounds 3, 4, 12 (N-allylcytisine-3-thiocarbamide), 16, and 20 exhibited the high antiviral activity with IC50 values of lower than 3 μM against DENV1 and DENV2. Of them, the derivative 12 showed the highest antiviral activities against DENV1 (IC50 = 0.14 μM) and DENV-2 (IC50 = <0.1 μM), exhibiting the potent inhibition on virus attachment and entry stages. Meanwhile, the compounds 4 and 20 had a strong inhibition at the post-entry stage (IC50 = <0.1 μM). A correlation between the experimental pIC50 values and predicted pKi calculated by docking of compounds into DENV E protein was significant, correlating with the impact of compound 12 on the attachment stage, but compounds 4, and 20 on post-entry stage. The results provided the insight into the directions of synthetic modifications of starting (-)-cytisine as the inhibitors of DENV E protein at attachment and entry stages of DENV life cycle.
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Petrova PR, Koval′skaya AV, Tsypysheva IP, Bunev AS. Synthesis of Several Cytisine Derivatives and their Cytotoxicities against A431, A375, and HCT 116 Tumor Cell Lines. Chem Nat Compd 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-020-03177-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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