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Salvadori L, Paiella M, Castiglioni B, Belladonna ML, Manenti T, Ercolani C, Cornioli L, Clemente N, Scircoli A, Sardella R, Tensi L, Astolfi A, Barreca ML, Chiappalupi S, Gentili G, Bosetti M, Sorci G, Filigheddu N, Riuzzi F. Equisetum arvense standardized dried extract hinders age-related osteosarcopenia. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116517. [PMID: 38574619 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Age-associated osteosarcopenia is an unresolved syndrome characterized by the concomitant loss of bone (osteopenia) and skeletal muscle (sarcopenia) tissues increasing falls, immobility, morbidity, and mortality. Unbalanced resorption of bone in the remodeling process and excessive protein breakdown, especially fast type II myosin heavy chain (MyHC-II) isoform and myofiber metabolic shift, are the leading causes of bone and muscle deterioration in the elderly, respectively. Equisetum arvense (EQ) is a plant traditionally recommended for many pathological conditions due to its anti-inflammatory properties. Thus, considering that a chronic low-grade inflammatory state predisposes to both osteoporosis and sarcopenia, we tested a standardized hydroalcoholic extract of EQ in in vitro models of muscle atrophy [C2C12 myotubes treated with proinflammatory cytokines (TNFα/IFNγ), excess glucocorticoids (dexamethasone), or the osteokine, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL)] and osteoclastogenesis (RAW 264.7 cells treated with RANKL). We found that EQ counteracted myotube atrophy, blunting the activity of several pathways depending on the applied stimulus, and reduced osteoclast formation and activity. By in silico target fishing, IKKB-dependent nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) inhibition emerges as a potential common mechanism underlying EQ's anti-atrophic effects. Consumption of EQ (500 mg/kg/day) by pre-geriatric C57BL/6 mice for 3 months translated into: i) maintenance of muscle mass and performance; ii) restrained myofiber oxidative shift; iii) slowed down age-related modifications in osteoporotic bone, significantly preserving trabecular connectivity density; iv) reduced muscle- and spleen-related inflammation. EQ can preserve muscle functionality and bone remodeling during aging, potentially valuable as a natural treatment for osteosarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Salvadori
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara 28100, Italy; Interuniversity Institute of Myology (IIM), Perugia 06132, Italy
| | - Martina Paiella
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara 28100, Italy; Interuniversity Institute of Myology (IIM), Perugia 06132, Italy
| | - Beatrice Castiglioni
- Department Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Luca Cornioli
- Laboratori Biokyma srl, Anghiari, Arezzo 52031, Italy
| | - Nausicaa Clemente
- Department of Health Sciences and Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara 28100, Italy
| | - Andrea Scircoli
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara 28100, Italy; Interuniversity Institute of Myology (IIM), Perugia 06132, Italy
| | - Roccaldo Sardella
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia 06123, Italy
| | - Leonardo Tensi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia 06123, Italy
| | - Andrea Astolfi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia 06123, Italy
| | | | - Sara Chiappalupi
- Interuniversity Institute of Myology (IIM), Perugia 06132, Italy; Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia 06132, Italy
| | - Giulia Gentili
- Interuniversity Institute of Myology (IIM), Perugia 06132, Italy; Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia 06132, Italy
| | - Michela Bosetti
- Department Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Guglielmo Sorci
- Interuniversity Institute of Myology (IIM), Perugia 06132, Italy; Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia 06132, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Filigheddu
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara 28100, Italy; Interuniversity Institute of Myology (IIM), Perugia 06132, Italy
| | - Francesca Riuzzi
- Interuniversity Institute of Myology (IIM), Perugia 06132, Italy; Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia 06132, Italy.
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Research on the Mechanism of Liuwei Dihuang Decoction for Osteoporosis Based on Systematic Biological Strategies. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:7017610. [PMID: 36185080 PMCID: PMC9522519 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7017610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Background Osteoporosis is an important health problem worldwide. Liuwei Dihuang Decoction (LDD) and its main ingredients may have a good clinical effect on osteoporosis. Meanwhile, its mechanism for treating osteoporosis needs to be further revealed in order to provide a basis for future drug development. Methods A systematic biological methodology was utilized to construct and analyze the LDD-osteoporosis network. After that, the human transcription data of LDD intervention in patients with osteoporosis and protein arrays data of LDD intervention in osteoporosis rats were collected. The human transcription data analysis, protein arrays data analysis, and molecular docking were performed to validate the findings of the prediction network (LDD-osteoporosis PPI network). Finally, animal experiments were conducted to verify the prediction results of systematic pharmacology. Results (1) LDD-osteoporosis PPI network shows the potential compounds, potential targets (such as ALB, IGF1, SRC, and ESR1), clusters, biological processes (such as positive regulation of calmodulin 1-monooxygenase activity, estrogen metabolism, and endothelial cell proliferation), and signaling and Reactome pathways (such as JAK-STAT signaling pathway, osteoclast differentiation, and degradation of the extracellular matrix) of LDD intervention in osteoporosis. (2) Human transcriptomics data and protein arrays data validated the findings of the LDD-osteoporosis PPI network. (3) The animal experiments showed that LDD can improve bone mineral density (BMD), increase serum estradiol (E2) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels, and upregulate Wnt3a and β-catenin mRNA expression (P < 0.05). (4) Molecular docking results showed that alisol A, dioscin, loganin, oleanolic acid, pachymic acid, and ursolic acid may stably bind to JAK2, ESR1, and CTNNB1. Conclusion LDD may have a therapeutic effect on osteoporosis through regulating the targets (such as ALB, IGF1, SRC, and ESR1), biological processes (such as positive regulation of calmodulin 1-monooxygenase activity, estrogen metabolism, and endothelial cell proliferation), and pathways (such as JAK-STAT signaling pathway, osteoclast differentiation, and degradation of the extracellular matrix) found in this research.
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Lee S, Kim M, Hong S, Kim EJ, Kim JH, Sohn Y, Jung HS. Effects of Sparganii Rhizoma on Osteoclast Formation and Osteoblast Differentiation and on an OVX-Induced Bone Loss Model. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:797892. [PMID: 35058781 PMCID: PMC8764242 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.797892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Postmenopausal osteoporosis is caused by an imbalance between osteoclasts and osteoblasts and causes severe bone loss. Osteoporotic medicines are classified into bone resorption inhibitors and bone formation promoters according to the mechanism of action. Long-term use of bisphosphonate and selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) can cause severe side effects in postmenopausal osteoporosis patients. Therefore, it is important to find alternative natural products that reduce osteoclast activity and increase osteoblast formation. Sparganii Rhizoma (SR) is the dried tuberous rhizome of Sparganium stoloniferum Buchanan-Hamilton and is called “samreung” in Korea. However, to date, the effect of SR on osteoclast differentiation and the ovariectomized (OVX)-induced bone loss model has not been reported. In vitro, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining, western blots, RT-PCR and other methods were used to examine the effect of SR on osteoclast differentiation and osteoblasts. In vivo, we confirmed the effect of SR in a model of OVX-induced postmenopausal osteoporosis. SR inhibited osteoclast differentiation and decreased the expression of TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6), nuclear factor of activated T cells 1 (NFATc1) and c-Fos pathway. In addition, SR stimulates osteoblast differentiation and increased protein expression of the bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2)/SMAD signaling pathway. Moreover, SR protected against bone loss in OVX-induced rats. Our results appear to advance our knowledge of SR and successfully demonstrate its potential role as a osteoclastogenesis-inhibiting and osteogenesis-promoting herbal medicine for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungyub Lee
- Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Minsun Kim
- Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sooyeon Hong
- Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eom Ji Kim
- Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae-Hyun Kim
- Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Youngjoo Sohn
- Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyuk-Sang Jung
- Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
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Zhou W, Chen B, Shang J, Li R. Ferulic acid attenuates osteoporosis induced by glucocorticoid through regulating the GSK-3β/Lrp-5/ERK signalling pathways. Physiol Int 2021; 108:317-341. [PMID: 34529586 DOI: 10.1556/2060.2021.00180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Objective To evaluate in-vivo and in-vitro effects of ferulic acid (FA) on glucocorticoid-induced osteoarthritis (GIO) to establish its possible underlying mechanisms. Methods The effects of FA on cell proliferation, cell viability (MTT assay), ALP activity, and mineralization assay, and oxidative stress markers (ROS, SOD, GSH LDH and MDA levels) were investigated by MC3T3-E1 cell line. Wistar rats received standard saline (control group) or dexamethasone (GC, 2 mg-1 kg) or DEX+FA (50 and 100 mg-1 kg) orally for 8 weeks. Bone density, micro-architecture, bio-mechanics, bone turnover markers and histo-morphology were determined. The expression of OPG, RANKL, osteogenic markers, and other signalling proteins was assessed employing quantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting. Results The findings indicated the elevation of ALP mRNA expressions, osteogenic markers (Runx-2, OSX, Col-I, and OSN), and the β-Catenin, Lrp-5 and GSK-3β protein expressions. FA showed the potential to increase MC3T3-E1 cell differentiation, proliferation, and mineralization. FA increased oxidative stress markers (SOD, MDA, and GSH) while decreasing ROS levels and lactate dehydrogenase release in GIO rats. The OPG/RANKL mRNA expression ratio was increased by FA, followed by improved GSK-3β and ERK phosphorylation with enhanced mRNA expressions of Lrp-5 and β-catenin. Conclusion These findings showed that FA improved osteoblasts proliferation with oxidative stress suppression by controlling the Lrp-5/GSK-3β/ERK pathway in GIO, demonstrating the potential pathways involved in the mechanism of actions of FA in GIO therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- Spinal and Trauma's Ward, The Third People Hospital of Dalian, Dalian City, 116000, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Spinal and Trauma's Ward, The Third People Hospital of Dalian, Dalian City, 116000, China
| | - Jingbo Shang
- Spinal and Trauma's Ward, The Third People Hospital of Dalian, Dalian City, 116000, China
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Selvaraj V, Subramanian R, Sekaran S, Veeraiyan DN, Thangavelu L. Ferulic acid-Cu(II) and Zn(II) complexes promote bone formation. Process Biochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2021.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Ho MW, Li TM, Li JP, Chiou JS, Chiu ML, Chen CJ, Cheng CF, Tsai FJ, Wu YC, Lin TH, Liao CC, Huang SM, Lin YN, Chou CH, Liang WM, Lin YJ. Chinese Herbal Medicine Usage Reduces Overall Mortality in HIV-Infected Patients With Osteoporosis or Fractures. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:593434. [PMID: 33935696 PMCID: PMC8085888 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.593434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The survival of patients with HIV has greatly improved, due to Anti-Retroviral Therapy (ART). However, long-term HIV survivors often develop serious bone abnormalities, possibly due to the interplay of osteoblasts, osteoclasts, HIV ad ART. We evaluated in a nation-wide study in Taiwan the effect of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) on overall mortality in HIV patients with osteoporosis or fractures. Enrollment period was between 1998 and 2011. Patients with osteoporosis or fractures before the HIV infection, and those with less than 14 days CHM use, were excluded. This left 498 patients, 160 CHM users, 338 without CHM. Univariate Kaplan-Meier and multivariate Cox regression analysis were used to compare the overall mortality in these 2 groups. Due to the nature of Chinese medicine, CHMs inevitably varied. We therefore also used rule mining and network analysis to determine which major CHM clusters were prescribed to the patients. CHM users had a much Lower mortality (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.43, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.24–0.77, p < 0.005) and higher survival (p = 0.004, log-rank test). Although the CHMs greatly varied, network analysis identified one main cluster of strongly related CHM combinations (Chuan-Xiong-Cha-Tiao-San (CXCTS), Gan-Cao (GC; Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.), Liu-He-Tang (LHT), Huang-Qin-Tang (HQT), Jia-Wei-Ping-Wei-San (JWPWS), and Dang-Gui-Long-Hui-Wan (DGLHuiW)). CHM as an additional treatment strongly improves overall survival in HIV-infected patients with osteoporosis and fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao-Wang Ho
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Te-Mao Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ju-Pi Li
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatrics, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Shiun Chiou
- Department of Health Services Administration, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mu-Lin Chiu
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Jung Chen
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Proteomics Core Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, Genetic Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Fung Cheng
- Department of Health Services Administration, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Proteomics Core Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, Genetic Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Fuu-Jen Tsai
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Proteomics Core Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, Genetic Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yang-Chang Wu
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Hsu Lin
- Proteomics Core Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, Genetic Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Chu Liao
- Proteomics Core Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, Genetic Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Mei Huang
- Proteomics Core Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, Genetic Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ning Lin
- Proteomics Core Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, Genetic Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Hsing Chou
- Department of Health Services Administration, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Miin Liang
- Department of Health Services Administration, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Ju Lin
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Proteomics Core Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, Genetic Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Shi Y, Shu H, Wang X, Zhao H, Lu C, Lu A, He X. Potential Advantages of Bioactive Compounds Extracted From Traditional Chinese Medicine to Inhibit Bone Destructions in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:561962. [PMID: 33117162 PMCID: PMC7577042 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.561962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone destruction is an important pathological feature of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which finally leads to the serious decline of life quality in RA patients. Bone metabolism imbalance is the principal factor of bone destruction in RA, which is manifested by excessive osteoclast-mediated bone resorption and inadequate osteoblast-mediated bone formation. Although current drugs alleviate the process of bone destruction to a certain extent, there are still many deficiencies. Recent studies have shown that traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) could effectively suppress bone destruction of RA. Some bioactive compounds from TCM have shown good effect on inhibiting osteoclast differentiation and promoting osteoblast proliferation. This article reviews the research progress of bioactive compounds exacted from TCM in inhibiting bone destruction of RA, so as to provide references for further clinical and scientific research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Shi
- Shanghai Innovation Center of TCM Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyang Shu
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hanxiao Zhao
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Lu
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Aiping Lu
- Shanghai Innovation Center of TCM Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,School of Chinese Medicine, Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Xiaojuan He
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Dong XL, Yu WX, Li CM, Zhou LP, Wong MS. Chuanxiong (Rhizome of Ligusticum chuanxiong) Protects Ovariectomized Hyperlipidemic Rats from Bone Loss. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2020; 48:463-485. [PMID: 32138532 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x2050024x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) is the common mechanism for age-related diseases. The co-occurrence of osteoporosis (OP) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in postmenopausal women makes it warranted to find a holistic approach for treatment of multiple diseases or conditions. The rhizome of Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. (CX), which has high anti-oxidant properties and is widely used for CVD treatment in China, might be the potential candidate. In the present study, CX ethanol extract (CXE) was applied to H2O2 induced MG63 cells to study its effects and mechanisms on osteoblastogenesis against OS. CXE was then administered to six-month-old Sprague Dawley sham or ovariectomized (OVX) rats fed either a low saturated fat-sucrose (LFS) or a high fat-sucrose (HFS) diet for 12 weeks, to confirm its anti-osteoporotic effects. The results demonstrated that CXE directly improved proliferation and differentiation in vitro in an H2O2-induced osteoblast cell model by attenuating cellular reactive oxygen species levels and inhibiting osteoblast apoptosis via PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. CXE significantly improved bone properties as revealed by the increase in trabecular bone mineral density and decrease in trabecular separation at proximal metaphysis of the tibia (PT) in HFS-fed OVX rats but not in LFS-fed OVX rats. CXE ameliorated dyslipidemia, greatly reduced lipid deposition and malondialdehyde levels, improved activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase in the livers of HFS-fed OVX rats. In conclusion, CXE could favor osteoblastogenesis against OS. The ability of CXE to reduce bone loss in HFS-fed OVX rats was associated with its abilities to correct dyslipidemia, and reduce lipid deposition and OS levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Li Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation), Shenzhen, China.,Key Laboratory of Food Biological Safety Control, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wen-Xuan Yu
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chun-Mei Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Ping Zhou
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Man-Sau Wong
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation), Shenzhen, China.,Key Laboratory of Food Biological Safety Control, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
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Molecular mechanism of action of Liuwei Dihuang pill for the treatment of osteoporosis based on network pharmacology and molecular docking. Eur J Integr Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2019.101009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Hou T, Zhang L, Yang X. Ferulic acid, a natural polyphenol, protects against osteoporosis by activating SIRT1 and NF-κB in neonatal rats with glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 120:109205. [PMID: 31634777 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a chronic disease whose symptoms include a reduction in bone strength, osteopenia, and damage to the bone microstructure. Ferulic acids are natural polyphenols present in various fruits that suppress the fusion and apoptosis of mature osteoclasts. Rats were divided into sham, control (osteoporosis), 10 mg/kg body weight ferulic acid, 20 mg/kg body weight ferulic acid, and 30 mg/kg body weight ferulic acid treatment groups. Osteoporosis was induced in neonatal by administration of dexamethasone (glucocorticoids). Bone mineral density (BMD), osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels, bone mechanical parameters, and mRNA and protein levels of sirtuin1 (SIRT1) and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) in the osteoporotic neonatal rats were assessed. Histopathological analysis was also conducted. Treatment with 20 and 30 mg/kg body weight ferulic acid increased BMD by 25% and 141.7%, respectively, but reduced ALP and osteocalcin levels. Furthermore, treatment with 20 or 30 mg/kg body weight ferulic acid significantly reduced the pixel intensity and significantly increased the peak load and ultimate stiffness. Ferulic acid significantly increased the mRNA and protein levels of SIRT1 and reduced those of NF-κB. Finally, the histopathological analysis showed that ferulic acid increased BMD. In summary, ferulic acid exhibited protective effects against osteoporosis in neonatal rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Hou
- Department of Orthopedic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130041, China
| | - Lirong Zhang
- Department of Pathology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130033, China
| | - Xiaohong Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130000, China.
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Raut N, Wicks SM, Lawal TO, Mahady GB. Epigenetic regulation of bone remodeling by natural compounds. Pharmacol Res 2019; 147:104350. [PMID: 31315065 PMCID: PMC6733678 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis and osteopenia impact more than 54 million Americans, resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. Alterations in bone remodeling are the hallmarks for osteoporosis, and thus the development of novel treatments that will prevent or treat bone diseases would be clinically significant, and improve the quality of life for these patients. Bone remodeling involves the removal of old bone by osteoclasts and the formation of new bone by osteoblasts. This process is tightly coupled, and is essential for the maintenance of bone strength and integrity. Since the osteoclast is the only cell capable of bone resorption, the development of drugs to treat bone disorders has primarily focused on reducing osteoclast differentiation, maturation, and bone resorption mechanisms, and there are few treatments that actually increase bone formation. Evidence from observational, experimental, and clinical studies demonstrate a positive link between naturally occurring compounds and improved indices of bone health. While many natural extracts and compounds are reported to have beneficial effects on bone, only resveratrol, sulforaphane, specific phenolic acids and anthocyanins, have been shown to both increase bone formation and reduce resorption through their effects on the bone epigenome. Each of these compounds alters specific aspects of the bone epigenome to improve osteoblast differentiation, reduce osteoblast apoptosis, improve bone mineralization, and reduce osteoclast differentiation and function. This review focuses on these specific natural compounds and their epigenetic regulation of bone remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishikant Raut
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, WHO/PAHO Collaborating Centre for Traditional Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur, India
| | - Sheila M Wicks
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Rush University, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Tempitope O Lawal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Gail B Mahady
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, WHO/PAHO Collaborating Centre for Traditional Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA.
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Kim JK, Park SU. A recent overview on the biological and pharmacological activities of ferulic acid. EXCLI JOURNAL 2019; 18:132-138. [PMID: 30956646 PMCID: PMC6449676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jae Kwang Kim
- Division of Life Sciences and Convergence Research Center for Insect Vectors, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Korea
| | - Sang Un Park
- Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Korea,*To whom correspondence should be addressed: Sang Un Park, Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Korea; Tel.: +82-42-821-5730, Fax: +82-42-822-2631, E-mail:
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McCarty MF, Assanga SBI. Ferulic acid may target MyD88-mediated pro-inflammatory signaling - Implications for the health protection afforded by whole grains, anthocyanins, and coffee. Med Hypotheses 2018; 118:114-120. [PMID: 30037596 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2018.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Higher dietary intakes of anthocyanins have been linked epidemiologically to decreased risk for metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular events; clinical trials and rodent studies evaluating ingestion of anthocyanin-rich extracts confirm favorable effects of these agents on endothelial function and metabolic syndrome. However, these benefits of anthocyanins are lost in rats whose gut microbiome has been eliminated with antibiotic treatment - pointing to bacterial metabolites of anthocyanins as the likely protective agents. A human pharmacokinetic assessment of orally administered cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, a prominent anthocyanin, has revealed that, whereas this compound is minimally absorbed, ferulic acid (FA) is one of its primary metabolites that appears in plasma. FA is a strong antioxidant and phase 2 inducer that has exerted marked anti-inflammatory effects in a number of rodent and cell culture studies; in particular, FA is highly protective in rodent models of diet-induced weight gain and metabolic syndrome. FA, a precursor for lignan synthesis, is widely distributed in plant-based whole foods, mostly in conjugated form; whole grains are a notable source. Coffee ingestion boosts plasma FA owing to gastrointestinal metabolism of chlorogenic acid. Hence, it is reasonable to suspect that FA mediates some of the broad health benefits that have been associated epidemiologically with frequent consumption of whole grains, anthocyanins, coffee, and unrefined plant-based foods. The molecular basis of the anti-inflammatory effects of FA may have been clarified by a recent study demonstrating that FA can target the adaptor protein MyD88; this plays an essential role in pro-inflammatory signaling by most toll-like receptors and interleukin-1β. If feasible oral intakes of FA can indeed down-regulate MyD88-dependent signaling, favorable effects of FA on neurodegeneration, hypothalamic inflammation, weight gain, adipocyte and beta cell function, adiponectin secretion, vascular health, and cartilage and bone integrity can be predicted. Since FA is well tolerated, safe, and natural, it may have great potential as a protective nutraceutical, and clinical trials evaluating its effects are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark F McCarty
- Catalytic Longevity, 811 B Nahant Ct., San Diego, CA 92109, USA.
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Doss HM, Samarpita S, Ganesan R, Rasool M. Ferulic acid, a dietary polyphenol suppresses osteoclast differentiation and bone erosion via the inhibition of RANKL dependent NF-κB signalling pathway. Life Sci 2018; 207:284-295. [PMID: 29908722 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Bone erosion induced by enhanced osteoclast formation is a debilitating pathological phenomenon in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Recent finding has revealed that ferulic acid is associated with reduced osteoclast differentiation and bone erosion. However, the underlying mechanism through which ferulic acid inhibited osteoclast differentiation and bone erosion still remains to be elucidated. This study assessed the therapeutic effects of ferulic acid on osteoclast differentiation and bone erosion by targeting RANKL dependent NF-κB pathway. MAIN METHODS RAW 264.7 monocyte/macrophage cells were left untreated/treated with 25, 50 and 100 μM ferulic acid prior to stimulation with/without RANKL and M-CSF. Osteoclast differentiation and formation was assessed by SEM and TRAP analysis whereas its functional activity of bone erosion was determined by pit formation assay. Crucial transcription factors (NF-κBp-65, NFATc1 and c-Fos) and osteoclast specific genes (TRAP, MMP-9 and Cathepsin K) were evaluated by quantitative RT-PCR. Further, the protein level expression of NF-κBp-65, NFAtc1, c-Fos and MMP-9 was assessed using western blot analysis. KEY FINDINGS Our results demonstrated that ferulic acid significantly attenuated RANKL induced osteoclast differentiation as evidenced from SEM and TRAP staining analysis. A remarkable decrease in the bone resorption activity of osteoclasts was also noticed upon ferulic acid treatment. In addition, the down-regulation of RANKL induced NF-κB activation and its associated downstream factors like NFATc1, c-Fos, TRAP, Cathepsin K and MMP-9 was also observed upon ferulic acid treatment. SIGNIFICANCE Thus, our findings evidence the anti-stimulatory and anti-resorptive role of ferulic acid via the inhibition of RANKL dependent NF-κB signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hari Madhuri Doss
- Immunopathology Lab, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632 014, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Snigdha Samarpita
- Immunopathology Lab, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632 014, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Ramamoorthi Ganesan
- Immunopathology Lab, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632 014, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Mahaboobkhan Rasool
- Immunopathology Lab, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632 014, Tamilnadu, India.
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Chang BY, Kim DS, Kim HS, Kim SY. Evaluation of estrogenic potential by herbal formula, HPC 03 for in vitro and in vivo. Reproduction 2018; 155:105-115. [PMID: 29326134 DOI: 10.1530/rep-17-0530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
HPC 03 is herbal formula that consists of extracts from Angelica gigas, Cnidium officinale Makino and Cinnamomum cassia Presl. The present study evaluated the estrogenic potential of HPC 03 by using in vitro and in vivo models. The regulatory mechanisms of HPC 03 in estrogen-dependent MCF-7 cells were assessed. HPC 03 induced the proliferation of estrogen receptor-positive MCF-7 cells, and the proliferation was blocked by the addition of the estrogen antagonist tamoxifen. The estrogen receptorα/β luciferase activities were significantly increased by HPC 03 treatment, which also increased the mRNA expression of the estrogen-responsive genes Psen2, Pgr and Ctsd Also, we evaluated the ameliorative effects of HPC 03 on menopausal symptoms in ovariectomized rats. HPC 03 treatment in OVX rats significantly affected the uterine weight, increased the expression of estrogen-responsive genes Pgr and Psen2 in uterus, increased bone mineral density loss in the femur and inhibited body weight increase. Serum E2, collagen type 1 and osteocalcin were significantly increased, while serum LH, FSH and ALP were decreased compared with OVX rats. HPC 03 may be a promising candidate for the treatment of menopause, but further research is necessary to determine whether the observed effects also occur in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yoon Chang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research and DevelopmentCollege of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk, South Korea
| | - Dae Sung Kim
- Hanpoong Pharm. Co. LtdJeonju-si, Jeonbuk, South Korea
| | - Hye Soo Kim
- Hanpoong Pharm. Co. LtdJeonju-si, Jeonbuk, South Korea
| | - Sung Yeon Kim
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research and DevelopmentCollege of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk, South Korea
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Du K, Li Z, Fang X, Cao T, Xu Y. Ferulic acid promotes osteogenesis of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells by inhibiting microRNA-340 to induce β-catenin expression through hypoxia. Eur J Cell Biol 2017; 96:496-503. [PMID: 28764862 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2017] [Revised: 06/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteogenic differentiation is regulated through multiple signaling networks that may include responses to hypoxia. Antioxidant ferulic acid (FA) can promote hypoxia signaling by inducing hypoxic-induced factor (HIF). However, whether FA could affect osteogenesis has not been explored. We examined human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) following FA treatment. The expression of β-catenin was measured, and candidate microRNAs that target β-catenin were studied. The involvement of hypoxia was investigated in miR-340-5p that contains hypoxia response elements (HRE) in the promoter region. Further, the osteogenic potential of FA-treated MSC was assessed by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and alizarin red staining assays. Osteoblast marker gene expressions were also compared between controls and FA-treated cells. FA induced β-catenin expression in MSC. This effect is likely mediated through a derepression of β-catenin 3'-UTR inhibition by miR-340-5p. HIF-1α, which suppressed miR-340-5p promoter activation through HRE motifs, was induced by FA. The induction of β-catenin signaling by FA was consistent with an enhancement in osteogenesis of FA-treated MSC, which could be attenuated by miR-340-5p overexpression. Analysis of the signaling networks induced by FA reveals that hypoxia may promote the osteogenic program in mesenchymal stem cells via a novel microRNA pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kewei Du
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China; Department of Orthopaedic Sugery, Shidong Hospital of Yangpu District in Shanghai, 999 Shiguang Road, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Ziqiang Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Sugery, Shidong Hospital of Yangpu District in Shanghai, 999 Shiguang Road, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xuchen Fang
- Department of Orthopaedic Sugery, Shidong Hospital of Yangpu District in Shanghai, 999 Shiguang Road, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Tingwei Cao
- Department of Orthopaedic Sugery, Shidong Hospital of Yangpu District in Shanghai, 999 Shiguang Road, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yaozeng Xu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China.
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Chang BY, Jung YS, Yoon CS, Oh JS, Hong JH, Kim YC, Kim SY. Fraxin Prevents Chemically Induced Hepatotoxicity by Reducing Oxidative Stress. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22040587. [PMID: 28383514 PMCID: PMC6154468 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22040587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fraxin isolated from Acer tegmentosum is reported to exert potent anti-oxidative stress action. However, pharmacological activities of fraxin remain to be elucidated. This study investigated the potential hepatoprotective effects of fraxin and the underlying signaling mechanism involved. Treatment with fraxin significantly lowered the serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in a CCl₄-induced hepatotoxicity rat model. In the fraxin-treated group, glutathione (GSH) significantly increased, while the malondialdehyde (MDA) in the liver significantly decreased. Fraxin also showed radical-scavenging activity. Furthermore, it significantly reduced the t-BHP-induced cytotoxicity and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in Hep G2. Fraxin protected Hep G2 cells through Nrf2 pathway-dependent HO-1 expression. The results of this study indicate that fraxin shows potent hepatoprotective effects in vitro and in vivo, presumably through direct antioxidant activity and the Nrf2-mediated antioxidant enzyme system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yoon Chang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea.
| | - Young Suk Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, San 30, Jangjeon-dong, Busan 46241, Korea.
| | - Chi-Su Yoon
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea.
| | - Jun Seok Oh
- Dongbu Eastern Herbal Medicine Agricultural Association Corporation, Yeosunro 1679, Sunchun-si, Jeonnam 58019, Korea.
| | - Jae Heoi Hong
- Dongbu Eastern Herbal Medicine Agricultural Association Corporation, Yeosunro 1679, Sunchun-si, Jeonnam 58019, Korea.
| | - Youn-Chul Kim
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea.
| | - Sung Yeon Kim
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea.
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