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Owrang M, Noorafshan A, Rafati A, Karbalay-Doust S. The effects of curcumin and sertraline on stress-induced changes in the stomach tissues of rats. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:2057-2069. [PMID: 36917242 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02453-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to stressors can cause functional disorders and structural damage to the stomach. Sertraline (SER) is an antidepressant and curcumin (CUR) is a natural compound with many properties. The current study aimed to investigate the impacts of stress, SER, and CUR on the stomach tissue using stereological methods. In total, 24 male and 24 female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups. In the control group, the rats were not exposed to stress. However, the animals in stress, SER and, CUR groups were exposed to daily stress and were orally fed with distilled water, SER (10 mg/kg/day), and CUR (100 mg/kg/day), respectively. The volume, surface area, and number of nerve, parietal, and chief cells were evaluated by stereological methods. Results showed that stress increased the stomach and its mucosa and submucosa volumes, while it decreased the surface area of the mucosa. Furthermore, this disorder increased the number of neurons in the submucosa and myenteric plexuses while it decreased the number of parietal and chief cells. However, treating stressed rats with SER or CUR could prevent these changes. The results showed that the consumption of SER or CUR could be used as a preventive or adjunctive treatment for stressful situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Owrang
- Histomorphometry and Stereology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Zand Ave., Shiraz, 71348-45794, Iran
| | - Ali Noorafshan
- Histomorphometry and Stereology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Zand Ave., Shiraz, 71348-45794, Iran
- Anatomy Department, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- City University in Canada, 789 W Pender ST Suite 310, Vancouver, BC V6C 1H2, Canada
| | - Ali Rafati
- Histomorphometry and Stereology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Zand Ave., Shiraz, 71348-45794, Iran
- Department of Physiology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Saied Karbalay-Doust
- Histomorphometry and Stereology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Zand Ave., Shiraz, 71348-45794, Iran.
- Anatomy Department, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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ÇİKLER E, SÖĞÜT İ, AYDOĞAN SG, KIRMIZIKAN S, HÜRDAĞ C. The Effects of Fulvic Acid Against Water Avoidance Stress-Induced Damage of Rat Colon Mucosa. CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES 2023. [DOI: 10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1036048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Chronic stress plays an important role in the etiology of many inflammatory diseases. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), a source of free radicals, act as signaling molecules in the progression of stress-related inflammatory diseases. Oxidative stress occurs as a result of an increase in free radicals in the tissues. The damage caused by oxidative stress can be reduced by antioxidant replacement. In our study, the effect of fulvic acid, a powerful antioxidant, on the damage caused by the water avoidance stress model in the rat colon was investigated morphologically and biochemically.
Methods: Experimental groups (n=6, Sprague-Dawley male rats, 300 g): control (C), water avoidance stress (WAS), and water avoidance stress+fulvic acid (WAS+FA). Rats in the WAS + FA group were given a single dose of FA (150 mg/kg i.p.) immediately after exposure to water avoidance stress. The colons were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and toluidine blue. Total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), and oxidative stress index (OSI) were analyzed biochemically.
Results: Compared to the C group, the WAS group showed epithelial damage, a few empty goblet cells, inflammatory cell infiltration, and many active mast cells in the connective tissue. Mucosal integrity, the number of goblet cells, and mast cell activity improved in the WAS+FA group as compared to the WAS group. Biochemically, as compared to the C group, TAS levels decreased, and TOS and OSI levels increased in the WAS group. In the WAS+FA group, TAS levels increased, and TOS and OSI levels decreased with respect to those in the WAS group.
Conclusion: Our findings indicated that fulvic acid reduced the damage caused by chronic oxidative stress in the colon.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - İbrahim SÖĞÜT
- DEMİROĞLU BİLİM ÜNİVERSİTESİ, TIP FAKÜLTESİ, TEMEL TIP BİLİMLERİ BÖLÜMÜ, BİYOKİMYA ANABİLİM DALI
| | - Sezen Gizem AYDOĞAN
- DEMİROĞLU BİLİM ÜNİVERSİTESİ, TIP FAKÜLTESİ, TEMEL TIP BİLİMLERİ BÖLÜMÜ, HİSTOLOJİ VE EMBRİYOLOJİ ANABİLİM DALI
| | - Seda KIRMIZIKAN
- SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ, HAMİDİYE TIP FAKÜLTESİ, TEMEL TIP BİLİMLERİ BÖLÜMÜ, HİSTOLOJİ VE EMBRİYOLOJİ ANABİLİM DALI
| | - Canan HÜRDAĞ
- DEMİROĞLU BİLİM ÜNİVERSİTESİ, TIP FAKÜLTESİ, TEMEL TIP BİLİMLERİ BÖLÜMÜ, HİSTOLOJİ VE EMBRİYOLOJİ ANABİLİM DALI
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The effects of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) on the urinary bladder injury in rats exposed to chronic stress: A histochemical study. MARMARA MEDICAL JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.5472/marumj.1191211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Objective: In the present study, we aimed to investigate the morphological and biochemical effects of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) on
bladder injury caused by water avoidance stress (WAS) and to show its effect on the number of degranulated mast cells, which
increase after stress.
Materials and Methods: Wistar albino rats were subjected to WAS and the animals in the treatment group were injected ALA. After
the urinary bladder tissues were subjected to routine tissue processing, hematoxylin-eosin staining and periodic acid-Schiff reaction
were applied to observe general morphology and acidic toluidine blue method to investigate mast cells. Biochemical assessments
of malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) were also obtained. Transmission electron microscope was used for the
ultrastructural, and scanning electron microscope for the topographical analyses.
Results: The experiments showed that chronic stress caused injury in the bladder, increased degranulated and total number of mast
cells and decreased GSH and increased MDA levels. ALA treatment after WAS ameliorated bladder injury in most areas, decreased
degranulated and total mast cell number and increased GSH and decreased MDA levels.
Conclusion: It was concluded that ALA can be a useful agent in the treatment of interstitial cystitis.
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Ameliorative Effects of Humulus japonicus Extract and Polysaccharide-Rich Extract of Phragmites rhizoma in Rats with Gastrointestinal Dysfunctions Induced by Water Avoidance Stress. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:9993743. [PMID: 35096122 PMCID: PMC8799342 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9993743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Chronic stress can cause the gastrointestinal disorders characterized by an altered bowel movement and abdominal pain. Studies have shown that Humulus japonicus extract (HJE) has anti-inflammatory and antidiarrheal effects, and Phragmites rhizoma extract (PEP) has antioxidative and antistress effects. The present study aimed to investigate the possible effects of HJE and PEP in rat models with stress-induced gastrointestinal dysfunctions. The rats were exposed to water avoidance stress (WAS, 1 h/day) for 10 days to induce gastrointestinal disorders. We found that WAS significantly increased fecal pellet output during 1 h stress, gastric emptying, colonic contractility, and permeability compared to the normal rats. Pretreatment with HJE and PEP (0.25 and 0.5 mL/kg, both administered separately) improved the increased gastric emptying and colonic contractility induced by electrical field stimulation, acetylcholine, and serotonin and also alleviated the increased colonic permeability. HJE and PEP also increased the claudin-1 and occludin expressions, reduced by WAS. WAS increased the concentration of TNF-α and TBARS and reduced FRAP. HJE and PEP recovered these effects. HJE and PEP improved the gastrointestinal disorders induced by WAS by upregulating the tight junction protein, possibly acting on cholinergic and serotonergic receptors to abolish the colonic hypercontractility and hyperpermeability and degradation of inflammatory cytokines via an antioxidant effect.
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Taurine Augments Telomerase Activity and Promotes Chondrogenesis in Dental Pulp Stem Cells. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11060491. [PMID: 34072707 PMCID: PMC8228366 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11060491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Stem cell therapy has become an advanced and state-of-the-art procedure to regenerate lost tissues of the human body. Cartilage repair is a challenging task in which stem cells find potential application. One of the important biologic modifiers that can cause chondrogenic differentiation of stem cells is taurine. However, taurine has not been investigated for its effects on dental pulp derived stem cell (DPSC) chondrogenic differentiation. Objective: The objective of the study was to investigate if taurine administration to DPSCs heralds chondrogenic differentiation as ascertained by expression of SOX9, COL2A1, ACAN, ELN, and COMP. The study also investigated if the differentiated cells synthesized glycosaminoglycans, a marker of cartilage formation. The study also aimed to assess proliferative activity of the cells after taurine administration by measuring the hTERT gene and protein expression. Materials and methods: DPSCs were obtained from a molecular biology laboratory and characterization of stem cell markers was done by flow cytometry. The cells were subjected to a MTT assay using various concentrations of taurine. Following this, hTERT gene and protein estimation was done in the control, telomerase inhibitor treated DPSC (TI-III), 10 μM taurine treated DPSC, and TI-III + 10 μM taurine treated DPSCs. A polymerase chain reaction was done to assess gene expression of SOX9, COL2A1, ACAN, ELN, and COMP genes and glycosaminoglycans were estimated in control cells, Induced DPSCs, induced and TI-III treated DPSCs, and 10 μM taurine treated DPSCs. Results: DPSCs expressed CD73, CD90, and CD105 and did not express CD34, CD45, and HLA-DR, which demonstrated that they were mesenchymal stem cells. The MTT assay revealed that various concentrations of taurine did not affect the cell viability of DPSCs. A concentration of 10 μM of taurine was used for further assays. With regard to the hTERT gene and protein expression, the taurine treated cells expressed the highest levels that were statistically significant compared to the other groups. Taurine was also found to restore hTERT expression in telomerase inhibitor treated cells. With regard to chondrogenesis related genes, taurine administration significantly increased the expression of SOX9, COL2A1, ACAN, and ELN genes in DPSCs and caused a significant increase in glycosaminoglycan production by the cells. Conclusions: Taurine can be regarded a biologic modifier that can significantly augment chondrogenic differentiation of DPSCs and can find potential applications in regenerative medicine in the area of cartilage regeneration.
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Baliou S, Kyriakopoulos AM, Spandidos DA, Zoumpourlis V. Role of taurine, its haloamines and its lncRNA TUG1 in both inflammation and cancer progression. On the road to therapeutics? (Review). Int J Oncol 2020; 57:631-664. [PMID: 32705269 PMCID: PMC7384849 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2020.5100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
For one century, taurine is considered as an end product of sulfur metabolism. In this review, we discuss the beneficial effect of taurine, its haloamines and taurine upregulated gene 1 (TUG1) long non‑coding RNA (lncRNA) in both cancer and inflammation. We outline how taurine or its haloamines (N‑Bromotaurine or N‑Chlorotaurine) can induce robust and efficient responses against inflammatory diseases, providing insight into their molecular mechanisms. We also provide information about the use of taurine as a therapeutic approach to cancer. Taurine can be combined with other chemotherapeutic drugs, not only mediating durable responses in various malignancies, but also circumventing the limitations met from chemotherapeutic drugs, thus improving the therapeutic outcome. Interestingly, the lncRNA TUG1 is regarded as a promising therapeutic approach, which can overcome acquired resistance of cancer cells to selected strategies. In this regard, we can translate basic knowledge about taurine and its TUG1 lncRNA into potential therapeutic options directed against specific oncogenic signaling targets, thereby bridging the gap between bench and bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Demetrios A. Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece
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Cui F, Liu H, Zou Z, Li H. Metabolic responses to water deprivation in C57BL/6J mice using a proton nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabonomics approach. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra12650a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
1H NMR-based metabonomics approach is effective for elucidating underlying mechanisms response or adaption to water deprivation in mammals. Metabolic relevance of differential compounds in response of C57BL/6J mice to water deprivation was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengxia Cui
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College
- Beijing 100193
- China
| | - Huaqing Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- China
| | - Zhongmei Zou
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College
- Beijing 100193
- China
| | - Hao Li
- College of Life Science and Technology
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- China
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Islambulchilar M, Asvadi I, Sanaat Z, Esfahani A, Sattari M. Taurine attenuates chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Amino Acids 2014; 47:101-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-014-1840-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Chen G, Nan C, Tian J, Jean-Charles P, Li Y, Weissbach H, Huang XP. Protective effects of taurine against oxidative stress in the heart of MsrA knockout mice. J Cell Biochem 2013; 113:3559-66. [PMID: 22740506 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.24233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Taurine has been shown to have potent anti-oxidant properties under various pathophysiological conditions. We reported previously a cellular dysfunction and mitochondrial damage in cardiac myocytes of methionine sulfoxide reductase A (MsrA) gene knockout mice (MsrA(-/-)). In the present study, we have explored the protective effects of taurine against oxidative stress in the heart of MsrA(-/-) mice with or without taurine treatment. Cardiac cell contractility and Ca(2+) dynamics were measured using cell-based assays and in vivo cardiac function was monitored using high-resolution echocardiography in the tested animals. Our data have shown that MsrA(-/-) mice exhibited a progressive cardiac dysfunction with a significant decrease of ejection fraction (EF) and fraction shortening (FS) at age of 8 months compared to the wild type controls at the same age. However, the dysfunction was corrected in MsrA(-/-) mice treated with taurine supplement in the diet for 5 months. We further investigated the cellular mechanism underlying the protective effect of taurine in the heart. Our data indicated that cardiac myocytes from MsrA(-/-) mice treated with taurine exhibited an improved cell contraction and could tolerate oxidative stress better. Furthermore, taurine treatment reduced significantly the protein oxidation levels in mitochondria of MsrA(-/-) hearts, suggesting an anti-oxidant effect of taurine in cardiac mitochondria. Our study demonstrates that long-term treatment of taurine as a diet supplement is beneficial to a heart that is vulnerable to environmental oxidative stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
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Protective Effect of Taurine against Nitrosative Stress in the Stomach of Rat with Water Immersion Restraint Stress. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2009; 643:273-83. [DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-75681-3_28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
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Zhang F, Tong L, Qiao H, Dong X, Qiao G, Jiang H, Sun X. Taurine attenuates multiple organ injury induced by intestinal ischemia reperfusion in rats. J Surg Res 2008; 149:101-9. [PMID: 18639892 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2007.12.781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2007] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal ischemia reperfusion (II/R) is a serious clinical condition associated with simultaneous multiple organ dysfunction. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether taurine, an anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic agent, could attenuate multiple organ injury induced by II/R. MATERIALS AND METHODS Taurine was intravenously injected to Wistar rats 30 min before II/R; physiological saline and sham operation served as controls. II/R was produced by occlusion of superior mesenteric artery for 60 min. Rats were randomly sacrificed 1.5, 3, 12, and 36 h after II/R; blood samples were collected for assessing alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cr), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and intestines, livers, kidneys, and lungs were removed for histological examination of scoring injury severity and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling analysis. The amount of lipid peroxides (LPO) was measured in intestinal tissues, and expression of caspase-3 was detected in all of the tissues with Western blot analysis. RESULTS II/R resulted in injury to intestines as well as livers, kidneys, and lungs, evidenced by morphological alteration, increased cell apoptosis, and elevated serum levels of ALT, AST, BUN, and Cr. The damage reached peak 3 h after II/R. The intestinal LPO and serum levels of TNF-alpha were increased after II/R. Pre-administration of taurine significantly attenuated multiple organ injury as the histological score, apoptosis index, LPO, and levels of ALT, AST, BUN, Cr, and TNF-alpha were significantly lower compared with saline controls. CONCLUSIONS Taurine attenuates multiple organ injury induced by II/R. Although the mechanism needs further investigation, taurine inhibits production of intestinal LPO, release of TNF-alpha, cell apoptosis, and expression of caspase-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Daqing, China
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Yu LZ, Wang BH, Huang BL, Tang Q, Ding JQ. Effect of taurine on gastric ulcer in pylorus-ligated rats. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2007; 15:1545-1548. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v15.i13.1545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To explore the effect of taurine on the pylorus ligation-induced gastric ulcer in rats and its mechanism.
METHODS: Rat model of gastric ulcer was made by pylorus ligation method. A total of 45 Wistar rats were randomly and averagely divided into 3 groups: normal control group, ulcer model group and taurine-treated group. Six hours later, all the rats were killed, and the gastric mucosal ulcer index (UI), total acidity of gastric juice, pepsin activity and H+,K+-ATPase activity in parietal cells were measured.
RESULTS: In comparison with the normal control group, the ulcer model group showed an increase in UI (35.3 ± 3.7 vs 0, P < 0.01), total acidity of gastric juice (28.56 ± 3.81 mmol/L vs 20.34 ± 4.40 mmol/L, P < 0.01), pepsin activity [7.58 ±1.58 μg/(mL·min) vs 5.83 ± 1.22 μg/(mL·min), P < 0.01] and H+, K+-ATPase activity of parietal cells (8.86 ± 1.50 U/mg vs 6.95 ± 1.03 U/mg, P < 0.01). However, in the treated group, the gastric mucosal injury was attenuated, and the value of gastric mucosal UI (15.4 ± 3.6 vs 35.3 ± 3.7, P < 0.01), total acidity of gastric juice (19.58 ± 3.68 mmol/L vs 28.56 ± 3.81 mmol/L, P < 0.01), pepsin activity [6.36 ± 1.45 μg/(mL·min) vs 7.58 ± 1.58 μg/(mL·min), P < 0.05] and H+, K+-ATPase activity of parietal cells (7.62 ± 1.46 U/mg vs 8.86 ± 1.50 U/mg, P < 0.05) were decreased significantly as compared with those in the model group.
CONCLUSION: Taurine can alleviate gastric ulcerative injury in pylorus-ligated rats, which may be related to the inhibitory effect of taurine on the secretion of gastric acid and pepsin.
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