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Klein TT, Kohn E, Klin B, Ziv-Baran T, Kozer E, Berkovitch M, Abu Kishk I. sTREM-1 as a diagnostic biomarker for acute appendicitis in children. Asian J Surg 2021; 44:1172-1178. [PMID: 33766532 DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2021.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The typical history of acute appendicitis is observed in less than 60% of cases. Therefore, searching for a surrogate marker is mandatory. Our goal was to determine whether the soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (sTREM-1) is an efficient biomarker for acute appendicitis. METHODS sTREM-1 serum levels were measured in addition to carrying out routine diagnostic tests (urine dipstick, complete blood count and CRP) in children admitted to the Emergency Department with suspected appendicitis. Statistical analysis was performed in order to examine whether sTREM-1 was a significant predictor of appendicitis. RESULTS Fifty three of 134 children enrolled in the study were diagnosed with appendicitis. There was no significant difference in serum sTREM-1 levels (p = 0.111) between children with or without appendicitis (n = 81). Leukocytes, neutrophils and CRP were significantly elevated in the appendicitis group (p < 0.001). The appendix diameter was significantly larger and the Alvarado score significantly higher in the appendicitis group (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION serum sTREM-1 is not a good marker for acute appendicitis. Customary tests in addition to a proper patient history and physical examination are still the most effective methods to diagnose acute appendicitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tal Taraboulos Klein
- Pediatric Division, Shamir Medical Center (Assaf Harofeh), Zerifin, Affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Elkana Kohn
- Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Shamir Medical Center (Assaf Harofeh), Zerifin, Affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Baruch Klin
- Pediatric Division, Shamir Medical Center (Assaf Harofeh), Zerifin, Affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Tomer Ziv-Baran
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Affiliated to the Sackler School of Medicine Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Eran Kozer
- Pediatric Division, Shamir Medical Center (Assaf Harofeh), Zerifin, Affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Matityahu Berkovitch
- Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Shamir Medical Center (Assaf Harofeh), Zerifin, Affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Ibrahim Abu Kishk
- Pediatric Division, Shamir Medical Center (Assaf Harofeh), Zerifin, Affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
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Zhu H, Xiao X, Shi Y, Wu Y, Huang Y, Li D, Xiong F, He G, Chai Y, Tang H. Inhibition of miRNA-29a regulates intestinal barrier function in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome by upregulating ZO-1 and CLDN1. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:155. [PMID: 33093893 PMCID: PMC7571313 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) is a common chronic functional gastrointestinal disorder. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified to be involved in different physiological and pathological processes. In this study, the role of miRNA-29a in the potential mechanism underlying the function of the intestinal mucosal barrier in IBS-D was analyzed. Human intestinal mucosal epithelia from patients with IBS-D (diagnosed as meeting the Rome IV criteria) and healthy volunteers were collected. An IBS-D mouse model was established via induction with trinitro-benzene-sulfonic acid (TNBS), and the mice were injected with miRNA-29a inhibitor. Using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the epithelial ultrastructure of the human intestinal mucosa was examined. Using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis, the expression level of miRNA-29a was assessed. ELISA was used to analyze the activity of D-lactate (D-LA) and diamine oxidase (DAO). Through immunohistochemistry, RT-qPCR and western blotting, the expression of tight junction protein ZO-1 (ZO-1) and claudin-1 (CLDN1) was examined. In the human intestinal mucosal epithelia from patients with IBS-D, miRNA-29a was upregulated, ZO-1 and CLDN1 were downregulated, and the junctional complex (JC) was faint and discontinuous. In the IBS-D mouse model, treatment with miRNA-29a inhibitor downregulated D-LA and DAO activity, and increased the expression of ZO-1 and CLDN1 in the intestinal mucosal epithelium. In conclusion, the present study revealed that miRNA-29a is involved in the pathogenesis of IBS-D, probably by downregulating ZO-1 and CLDN1 expression, suggesting that miRNA-29a is likely to be an important regulator of intestinal barrier function and could be a possible therapeutic target for IBS-D.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Zhu
- Pharmaceutical Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R China.,First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
| | - Xi Xiao
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
| | - Yuying Shi
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
| | - Yingxiu Wu
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
| | - Yusheng Huang
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
| | - Detang Li
- Pharmaceutical Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R China
| | - Fen Xiong
- Pharmaceutical Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R China
| | - Guodong He
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
| | - Yuna Chai
- Department of Pharmaceutical, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Hongmei Tang
- Pharmaceutical Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R China
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KARAHAN İ, ÇİFCİ A, DİNDAR BADEM N. Reproduktif çağdaki anemik kadınlarda TREM-1 düzeylerinin sağlıklı kontrollerle karşılaştırılması. ACTA MEDICA ALANYA 2020. [DOI: 10.30565/medalanya.706592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Dantas PHDS, Matos ADO, da Silva Filho E, Silva-Sales M, Sales-Campos H. Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) as a therapeutic target in infectious and noninfectious disease: a critical review. Int Rev Immunol 2020; 39:188-202. [PMID: 32379561 DOI: 10.1080/08830185.2020.1762597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) is an innate immune receptor found in the surface of several immune and non-immune cells. Since its first description in 2000, this molecule and its soluble form (sTREM-1) have been implicated in many diseases with infectious and noninfectious origins. As an amplifier of inflammation, the membrane-associated TREM-1 (mTREM-1) isoform induces the production of pro-inflammatory mediators, thus contributing to the pathogenesis of diseases such as sepsis, arthritis, colitis and infections. In this context, many studies have used molecules capable of inhibiting TREM-1 activity as anti-inflammatory drugs. In this regard, a few peptides have been showing promising results in the amelioration of detrimental immune responses. Some commercially available drugs, including corticosteroids and antibiotics, with known anti-inflammatory effects, have also shown activity in TREM-1 signaling. Therefore, considering the potential of this receptor as a therapeutic target, the present review encompasses the main compounds explored so far in TREM-1 modulation, highlighting and critically discussing its effects and major drawbacks of such approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amanda de Oliveira Matos
- Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Ernandes da Silva Filho
- Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Marcelle Silva-Sales
- Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Helioswilton Sales-Campos
- Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
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Gajula P, Quigley EM. Overlapping irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease. MINERVA GASTROENTERO 2019; 65:107-115. [PMID: 30746927 DOI: 10.23736/s1121-421x.19.02559-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of irritable bowel-type symptoms occurring in patients with inflammatory bowel disease who are in apparent remission continues to generate scientific controversy and the interpretation and management of these symptoms, so distressing to the sufferer, represent major challenges for the clinician. On the one hand, these symptoms often satisfy Rome IV criteria for IBS and their occurrence correlates highly with anxiety, a known trigger for IBS. On the other hand, recent studies have shown that many of these patients exhibit subtle inflammatory changes. These observations beg the question: are these symptoms "true" IBS superimposed on IBD, or an active but subclinical form of IBD? While it is certain that earlier studies failed to detect subclinical inflammation, it is also evident that even with the use of sensitive biomarkers for inflammation, such as calprotectin and lactoferrin backed up by pan-endoscopy and biopsy to exclude ongoing inflammatory activity in its most subtle form, the prevalence of IBS-type symptoms remains higher than expected in the IBD patient. Pending further definition of its etiology and pathology, we coined the term irritable inflammatory bowel syndrome (IIBS) to refer to this phenomenon. Here we explore the risk factors for this entity, sift through clues to its pathogenesis and attempt to provide, albeit bereft of a robust evidence base, an approach to its management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prianka Gajula
- Department of Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital and Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Eamonn M Quigley
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Lynda K. and David M. Underwood Center for Digestive Disorders, Houston Methodist Hospital and Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, TX, USA -
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