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Gao C, Zhang G, Zheng J, Zheng Y, Lin W, Xu G, You Y, Li D, Wang W. The value of LCI-based modified Kyoto classification risk scoring system in predicting the risk of early gastric cancer. Scand J Gastroenterol 2024; 59:859-867. [PMID: 38578144 DOI: 10.1080/00365521.2024.2338443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study and compare the value of the Kyoto classification risk scoring system and the modified Kyoto classification risk scoring system based on linked color imaging (LCI) in predicting the risk of early gastric cancer. METHODS One hundred and fifty patients with pathologically confirmed non-cardia early gastric cancer by endoscopic LCI and 150 non-gastric cancer patients matched for age and gender were included. Basic patient data and whole gastric endoscopic images under LCI were collected, and the images were scored according to the LCI-based Kyoto classification risk scoring system and the LCI-based modified Kyoto classification risk scoring system. RESULTS Compared with the LCI-based Kyoto classification risk scoring system, the LCI-based modified Kyoto classification risk scoring system had a higher AUC for predicting the risk of early gastric cancer (0.723 vs. 0.784, p = 0.023), with a score of ≥3 being the best cutoff value for predicting the risk of early gastric cancer (sensitivity 61.33%, specificity 86.00%), and scores of 3 to 5 were significantly associated with early gastric carcinogenesis significantly (OR = 9.032, 95% CI: 4.995-16.330, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Compared with the LCI-based Kyoto classification risk scoring system, the LCI-based Kyoto modified classification risk scoring system has a better value for predicting the risk of early gastric cancer, and the score of 3 to 5 is a high-risk factor for the risk of early gastric cancer development, which is more strongly correlated with the risk of early gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, 900th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, 900th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, People's Liberation Army, Fuzhou, China
| | - Guanpo Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, 900th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, 900th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, People's Liberation Army, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jin Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, 900th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, 900th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, People's Liberation Army, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yunmeng Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, 900th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, 900th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, People's Liberation Army, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wulian Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, 900th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, 900th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, People's Liberation Army, Fuzhou, China
| | - Guilin Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, 900th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, 900th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, People's Liberation Army, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yixiang You
- Department of Gastroenterology, 900th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, 900th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, People's Liberation Army, Fuzhou, China
| | - Dazhou Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, 900th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, 900th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, People's Liberation Army, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, 900th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, 900th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, People's Liberation Army, Fuzhou, China
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Linked Color Imaging for Stomach. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13030467. [PMID: 36766572 PMCID: PMC9914129 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13030467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Image-enhanced endoscopy (IEE) plays an important role in the detection and further examination of gastritis and early gastric cancer (EGC). Linked color imaging (LCI) is also useful for detecting and evaluating gastritis, gastric intestinal metaplasia as a pre-cancerous lesion, and EGC. LCI provides a clear excellent endoscopic view of the atrophic border and the demarcation line under various conditions of gastritis. We could recognize gastritis as the lesions of the diffuse redness to purple color area with LCI. On the other hand, EGCs are recognized as the lesions of the orange-red, orange, or orange-white color area in the lesion of the purple color area, which is the surround atrophic mucosa with LCI. With further prospective randomized studies, we will be able to evaluate the diagnosis ability for EGC by IEE, and it will be necessary to evaluate the role of WLI/IEE and the additional effects of the diagnostic ability by adding IEE to WLI in future.
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Yashima K, Onoyama T, Kurumi H, Takeda Y, Yoshida A, Kawaguchi K, Yamaguchi N, Isomoto H. Current status and future perspective of linked color imaging for gastric cancer screening: a literature review. J Gastroenterol 2023; 58:1-13. [PMID: 36287268 PMCID: PMC9825522 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-022-01934-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Screening endoscopy has advanced to facilitate improvements in the detection and prognosis of gastric cancer. However, most early gastric cancers (EGCs) have subtle morphological or color features that are difficult to detect by white-light imaging (WLI); thus, even well-trained endoscopists can miss EGC when using this conventional endoscopic approach. This review summarizes the current and future status of linked color imaging (LCI), a new image-enhancing endoscopy (IEE) method, for gastric screening. LCI has been shown to produce bright images even at a distant view and provide excellent visibility of gastric cancer due to high color contrast relative to the surrounding tissue. LCI delineates EGC as orange-red and intestinal metaplasia as purple, regardless of a history of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) eradication, and contributes to the detection of superficial EGC. Moreover, LCI assists in the determination of Hp infection status, which is closely related to the risk of developing gastric cancer. Transnasal endoscopy (ultra-thin) using LCI is also useful for identifying gastric neoplastic lesions. Recently, several prospective studies have demonstrated that LCI has a higher detection ratio for gastric cancer than WLI. We believe that LCI should be used in routine upper gastrointestinal endoscopies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuo Yashima
- Division of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 36-1 Nishicho, Yonago, 683-8504, Japan.
| | - Takumi Onoyama
- Division of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 36-1 Nishicho, Yonago, 683-8504, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kurumi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 36-1 Nishicho, Yonago, 683-8504, Japan
| | - Yohei Takeda
- Division of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 36-1 Nishicho, Yonago, 683-8504, Japan
| | - Akira Yoshida
- Division of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 36-1 Nishicho, Yonago, 683-8504, Japan
| | - Koichiro Kawaguchi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 36-1 Nishicho, Yonago, 683-8504, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Yamaguchi
- Department of Endoscopy, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hajime Isomoto
- Division of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 36-1 Nishicho, Yonago, 683-8504, Japan
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Sugimoto M, Koyama Y, Itoi T, Kawai T. Using texture and colour enhancement imaging to evaluate gastrointestinal diseases in clinical practice: a review. Ann Med 2022; 54:3315-3332. [PMID: 36420822 PMCID: PMC9704096 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2022.2147992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
White light imaging (WLI) is the most common endoscopic technique used for screening of gastrointestinal diseases. However, despite the advent of a new processor that offers sufficient clear illumination and other advanced developments in endoscopic instrumentation, WLI alone is inadequate for detecting all gastrointestinal diseases with abnormalities in mucosal discoloration and morphological changes to the mucosal surface. The recent development of image-enhanced endoscopy (IEE) has dramatically improved the detection of gastrointestinal diseases. Texture and colour enhancement imaging (TXI) is a new type of IEE that enhances brightness, surface irregularities, such as elevations or depressions, and subtle colour changes. TXI with two modes, namely modes 1 and 2, can selectively enhance brightness in dark areas of an endoscopic image and subtle tissue differences such as slight morphological or colour changes while simultaneously preventing over-enhancement. Several clinical studies have investigated the efficacy of TXI for detecting and visualizing gastrointestinal diseases, including oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), Barret's epithelium, gastric cancer, gastric mucosal atrophy and intestinal metaplasia. Although TXI is often more useful for detecting and visualizing gastrointestinal diseases than WLI, it remains unclear whether TXI outperforms other IEEs, such as narrow-band imaging (NBI), in similar functions, and whether the performance of TXI modes 1 and 2 are comparable. Therefore, large-scale prospective studies are needed to compare the efficacy of TXI to WLI and other IEEs for endoscopic evaluation of patients undergoing screening endoscopy. Here, we review the characteristics and efficacy of TXI for the detection and visualization of gastrointestinal diseases.Key MessagesTXI mode 1 can improve the visibility of gastrointestinal diseases and qualitative diagnosis, especially for diseases associated with colour changes.The enhancement of texture and brightness with TXI mode 2 enables the detection of diseases, and is ideal for use in the first screening of gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsushige Sugimoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Endoscopy, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yohei Koyama
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takao Itoi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Kawai
- Department of Gastroenterological Endoscopy, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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Esaki M, Minoda Y, Ihara E. In Living Color: Linked Color Imaging for the Detection of Early Gastric Cancer. Dig Dis Sci 2022; 67:1922-1924. [PMID: 34463885 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-021-07235-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuru Esaki
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan. .,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, 1-6 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-0062, Japan.
| | - Yosuke Minoda
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Eikichi Ihara
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
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The Efficacy of Tumor Characterization for Colorectal Lesions with Blue Light Imaging of a Compact Light-Emitting Diode Endoscopic System Compared to a Laser Endoscopic System: A Pilot Study. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2022; 2022:9998280. [PMID: 35462983 PMCID: PMC9019446 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9998280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: A compact and cost-effective light source-processor combined 3-color light-emitting diode (LED) endoscopic system (ELUXEO-Lite: EP-6000, Fujifilm Co., Tokyo) with a magnified colonoscope (EC-6600ZP, Fujifilm Co.) has been released. Aims: In this study, we analyzed the efficacy of this system for colorectal tumor characterization with magnified blue light imaging (BLI-LED) and image's subjective and objective evaluations, compared to a magnified blue laser imaging (BLI-LASER) using a standard LASER endoscopic system. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 37 lesions observed with both BLI-LED and BLI-LASER systems from 2019 using the Japanese narrow band imaging classification. Two representative magnified images, one BLI-LED and one BLI-LASER, of the same area of a lesion were evaluated for diagnostic accuracy and visualization quality by three experts and three non-experts. Their color difference values (CDVs) and brightness values (BVs) were also calculated as objective indicators. Results: Among 37 lesions, mean tumor size was 18.9 ± 13.1 mm, and 21 lesions were nonpolypoid. Histopathology revealed 14 sessile serrated lesions, 7 adenomas, 12 high-grade dysplasias and T1a cancers, and 4 T1b cancers. The diagnostic accuracy rates of BLI-LED/BLI-LASER of experts and non-experts were 90.1% and 87.4% (p = 0.52) and 89.2% and 89.2% (p = 0.99). The percentages of instances where BLI-LED images were better, the two imaging types were equivalent, or BLI-LASER images were better were 16%/83%/1% for experts and 19%/58%/23% for non-experts (p < 0.001). CDVs and BVs between BLI-LED and BLI-LASER were not significantly different (CDVs: p = 0.653, BVs: p = 0.518). Conclusions: BLI-LED using the compact system was noninferior to BLI-LASER for colorectal tumor characterization and image quality.
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