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Taparli OE, Shahi PK, Cagatay NS, Aycan N, Ozaydin B, Yapici S, Liu X, Cikla U, Zafer D, Eickhoff JC, Ferrazzano P, Pattnaik BR, Cengiz P. Selectively compromised inner retina function following hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy in mice: A noninvasive measure of severity of the injury. Neurochem Int 2023; 163:105471. [PMID: 36592700 PMCID: PMC9905320 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2022.105471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The intricate system of connections between the eye and the brain implies that there are common pathways for the eye and brain that get activated following injury. Hypoxia-ischemia (HI) related encephalopathy is a consequence of brain injury caused by oxygen and blood flow deprivation that may result in visual disturbances and neurodevelopmental disorders in surviving neonates. We have previously shown that the tyrosine receptor kinase B (TrkB) agonist/modulator improves neuronal survival and long-term neuroprotection in a sexually differential way. In this study, we tested the hypotheses that; 1) TrkB agonist therapy improves the visual function in a sexually differential way; 2) Visual function detected by electroretinogram (ERG) correlates with severity of brain injury detected by magnetic resonance (MRI) imaging following neonatal HI in mice. To test our hypotheses, we used C57/BL6 mice at postnatal day (P) 9 and subjected them to either Vannucci's rodent model of neonatal HI or sham surgery. ERG was performed at P 30, 60, and 90. MRI was performed following the completion of the ERG. ERG in these mice showed that the a-wave is normal, but the b-wave amplitude is severely abnormal, reducing the b/a wave amplitude ratio. Inner retina function was found to be perturbed as we detected severely attenuated oscillatory potential after HI. No sex differences were detected in the injury and severity pattern to the retina as well as in response to 7,8-DHF therapy. Strong correlations were detected between the percent change in b/a ratio and percent hemispheric/hippocampal tissue loss obtained by MRI, suggesting that ERG is a valuable noninvasive tool that can predict the long-term severity of brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onur E Taparli
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, USA; Department of Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, USA
| | - Pawan K Shahi
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, USA; McPherson Eye Research Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, USA
| | - Nur Sena Cagatay
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, USA; Department of Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, USA
| | - Nur Aycan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, USA
| | - Burak Ozaydin
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, USA
| | - Sefer Yapici
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, USA; Department of Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, USA
| | - Xinying Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, USA
| | - Ulas Cikla
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, USA; Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, USA
| | - Dila Zafer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, USA; Department of Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jens C Eickhoff
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, USA
| | - Peter Ferrazzano
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, USA; Department of Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, USA
| | - Bikash R Pattnaik
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, USA; McPherson Eye Research Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, USA; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, USA.
| | - Pelin Cengiz
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, USA; Department of Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, USA.
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Basu P, Hornung RS, Averitt DL, Maier C. Euphorbia bicolor ( Euphorbiaceae) Latex Extract Reduces Inflammatory Cytokines and Oxidative Stress in a Rat Model of Orofacial Pain. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:8594375. [PMID: 31612077 PMCID: PMC6757321 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8594375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have reported that the transient receptor potential V1 ion channel (TRPV1), a pain generator on sensory neurons, is activated and potentiated by NADPH oxidase-generated reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS are increased by advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs), which activate NADPH oxidase by upregulating Nox4 expression. Our previous studies reported that Euphorbia bicolor (Euphorbiaceae) latex extract induced peripheral analgesia, partly via TRPV1, in hindpaw-inflamed male and female rats. The present study reports that E. bicolor latex extract also can evoke analgesia via reduction of oxidative stress biomarkers and proinflammatory cytokines/chemokines in a rat model of orofacial pain. Male and female rats were injected with complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) into the left vibrissal pad to induce orofacial inflammation, and mechanical allodynia was measured by the von Frey method. Twenty-four hours later, rats received one injection of E. bicolor latex extract or vehicle into the inflamed vibrissal pad. Mechanical sensitivity was reassessed at 1, 6, 24, and/or 72 hours. Trigeminal ganglia and trunk blood were collected at each time point. In the trigeminal ganglia, ROS were quantified using 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate dye, Nox4 protein was quantified by Western blots, and cytokines/chemokines were quantified using a cytokine array. AOPPs were quantified in trunk blood using a spectrophotometric assay. E. bicolor latex extract significantly reduced orofacial mechanical allodynia in male and female rats at 24 and 72 hours, respectively. ROS, Nox4, and proinflammatory cytokines/chemokines were significantly reduced in the trigeminal ganglia, and plasma AOPP was significantly reduced in the trunk blood of extract-treated compared to vehicle-treated rats. In vitro assays indicate that E. bicolor latex extract possessed antioxidant activities by scavenging free radicals. Together our data indicate that the phytochemicals in E. bicolor latex may serve as novel therapeutics for treating oxidative stress-induced pain conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paramita Basu
- Department of Biology, Texas Woman's University, Denton, 76204 TX, USA
| | | | - Dayna L. Averitt
- Department of Biology, Texas Woman's University, Denton, 76204 TX, USA
| | - Camelia Maier
- Department of Biology, Texas Woman's University, Denton, 76204 TX, USA
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