Falkenstein IA, Cheng L, Wong-Staal F, Tammewar AM, Barron EC, Silva GA, Li QX, Yu D, Hysell M, Liu G, Ke N, Macdonald JE, Freeman WR. Toxicity and intraocular properties of a novel long-acting anti-proliferative and anti-angiogenic compound IMS2186.
Curr Eye Res 2008;
33:599-609. [PMID:
18600493 DOI:
10.1080/02713680802226582]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE
To investigate the intraocular properties and toxicity of IMS2186, a small molecule developed as an anti-choroidal neovascularization (anti-CNV) drug.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Cellular toxicity and mechanism of action was tested on cell lines in vitro. Intraocular studies used rabbits for drug dissolution as well as toxicity and rats for the treatment study as well as the toxicity confirmation study. Rabbits' eyes were injected with 2.5 mg of IMS2186 and observed for 36 weeks. Laser-induced CNV in rats was treated with IMS2186, Kenalog, or phosphate-buffered saline (pBS). Fluorescein angiography (FA) and immunohistochemical processing of the globes was performed.
RESULTS
The anti-proliferative IC(50) of IMS2186 for human fibroblast cells was 1.0-3.0 microM and 0.3-3.0 microM for human cancer cells; the IC(50) of IMS2186 to inhibit endothelial tube formation was 0.1-0.3 microM. The IC(50) of IMS2186 for inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines was 0.3-1 microM. The IC(50) of IMS2186 for inhibiting macrophage migration was 1 micrM. These biological properties were not species specific. IMS2186 can be formulated as a suspension for long-lasting release and when delivered intraocularly, no intraocular toxicity was observed by slit lamp exam, fundus exam, intraocular pressure measurements, or by electroretinography. FA showed a reduction in the leakage in eyes treated with IMS2186 and triamcinolone acetonide; DAPI staining also showed significantly less cellularity in IMS2186-treated lesions as compared to PBS (p = 0.0025).
CONCLUSION
IMS2186 may be a safe intraocular therapeutic agent for intraocular proliferation and angiogenesis.
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