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Endsley CE, Moore KA, Townsley TD, Durston KK, Deweese JE. Bioinformatic Analysis of Topoisomerase IIα Reveals Interdomain Interdependencies and Critical C-Terminal Domain Residues. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5674. [PMID: 38891861 PMCID: PMC11172036 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
DNA Topoisomerase IIα (Top2A) is a nuclear enzyme that is a cancer drug target, and there is interest in identifying novel sites on the enzyme to inhibit cancer cells more selectively and to reduce off-target toxicity. The C-terminal domain (CTD) is one potential target, but it is an intrinsically disordered domain, which prevents structural analysis. Therefore, we set out to analyze the sequence of Top2A from 105 species using bioinformatic analysis, including the PSICalc algorithm, Shannon entropy analysis, and other approaches. Our results demonstrate that large (10th-order) interdependent clusters are found including non-proximal positions across the major domains of Top2A. Further, CTD-specific clusters of the third, fourth, and fifth order, including positions that had been previously analyzed via mutation and biochemical assays, were identified. Some of these clusters coincided with positions that, when mutated, either increased or decreased relaxation activity. Finally, sites of low Shannon entropy (i.e., low variation in amino acids at a given site) were identified and mapped as key positions in the CTD. Included in the low-entropy sites are phosphorylation sites and charged positions. Together, these results help to build a clearer picture of the critical positions in the CTD and provide potential sites/regions for further analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clark E. Endsley
- Biological, Physical, and Human Sciences Department, Freed-Hardeman University, Henderson, TN 38340, USA
| | - Kori A. Moore
- Biological, Physical, and Human Sciences Department, Freed-Hardeman University, Henderson, TN 38340, USA
| | | | - Kirk K. Durston
- Department of Research and Publications, Digital Strategies, Langley, BC V2Y 1N5, Canada
| | - Joseph E. Deweese
- Biological, Physical, and Human Sciences Department, Freed-Hardeman University, Henderson, TN 38340, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
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2
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Swedan HK, Kassab AE, Gedawy EM, Elmeligie SE. Topoisomerase II inhibitors design: Early studies and new perspectives. Bioorg Chem 2023; 136:106548. [PMID: 37094479 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
The DNA topoisomerase enzymes are widely distributed throughout all spheres of life and are necessary for cell function. Numerous antibacterial and cancer chemotherapeutic drugs target the various topoisomerase enzymes because of their roles in maintaining DNA topology during DNA replication and transcription. Agents derived from natural products, like anthracyclines, epipodophyllotoxins and quinolones, have been widely used to treat a variety of cancers. A very active field of fundamental and clinical research is the selective targeting of topoisomerase II enzymes for cancer treatment. This thematic review summarizes the recent advances in the anticancer activity of the most potent topoisomerase II inhibitors (anthracyclines, epipodophyllotoxins and fluoroquinolones) their modes of action, and structure-activity relationships (SARs) organized chronologically in the last ten years from 2013 to 2023. The review also highlights the mechanism of action and SARs of promising new topoisomerase II inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadeer K Swedan
- Central Administration of Research and Health Development, Ministry of Health, and Population (MoHP), Cairo P.O. Box 11516, Egypt
| | - Asmaa E Kassab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo P.O. Box 11562, Egypt.
| | - Ehab M Gedawy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo P.O. Box 11562, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Industries, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo P.O. Box 11829, Egypt
| | - Salwa E Elmeligie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo P.O. Box 11562, Egypt
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Dempke WCM, Zielinski R, Winkler C, Silberman S, Reuther S, Priebe W. Anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity – are we about to clear this hurdle? Eur J Cancer 2023; 185:94-104. [PMID: 36966697 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2023.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
Anthracyclines have contributed significantly to remarkable improvements in overall survival and are regarded as the most effective cytostatic drug for cancer treatment in various malignancies. However, anthracyclines are a significant cause of acute and chronic cardiotoxicity in cancer patients, and long-term cardiotoxicity can lead to death in about one-third of patients. Several molecular pathways have been implicated in the development of anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity, although the underlying mechanisms of some molecular pathways are not fully elucidated. It is now generally believed that anthracycline-induced reactive oxygen species (resulting from intracellular metabolism of anthracyclines) and drug-induced inhibition of topoisomerase II beta are the key mechanisms responsible for the cardiotoxicity. To prevent cardiotoxicity, several strategies are being followed: (i) angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, sartans, beta-blockers, aldosterone antagonists, and statins; (ii) iron chelators; and (iii) by development of new anthracycline derivatives with little or no cardiotoxicity. This review will discuss clinically evaluated doxorubicin analogues that were developed as potentially non-cardiotoxic anticancer agents and include recent development of a novel liposomal anthracycline (L-Annamycin) for the treatment of soft-tissue sarcoma metastatic to the lung and acute myelogenous leukaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfram C M Dempke
- University Medical School, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; Moleculin Inc, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rafal Zielinski
- The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, TX, USA
| | - Christina Winkler
- Haemato-Oncology Saalfeld, Department of Cardio-Oncology, Saalfeld, Germany
| | | | | | - Waldemar Priebe
- The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, TX, USA.
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Asadi MR, Moslehian MS, Sabaie H, Poornabi M, Ghasemi E, Hassani M, Hussen BM, Taheri M, Rezazadeh M. Stress Granules in the Anti-Cancer Medications Mechanism of Action: A Systematic Scoping Review. Front Oncol 2021; 11:797549. [PMID: 35004322 PMCID: PMC8739770 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.797549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress granule (SG) formation is a well-known cellular mechanism for minimizing stress-related damage and increasing cell survival. In addition to playing a critical role in the stress response, SGs have emerged as critical mediators in human health. It seems logical that SGs play a key role in cancer cell formation, development, and metastasis. Recent studies have shown that many SG components contribute to the anti-cancer medications' responses through tumor-associated signaling pathways and other mechanisms. SG proteins are known for their involvement in the translation process, control of mRNA stability, and capacity to function in both the cytoplasm and nucleus. The current systematic review aimed to include all research on the impact of SGs on the mechanism of action of anti-cancer medications and was conducted using a six-stage methodological framework and the PRISMA guideline. Prior to October 2021, a systematic search of seven databases for eligible articles was performed. Following the review of the publications, the collected data were subjected to quantitative and qualitative analysis. Notably, Bortezomib, Sorafenib, Oxaliplatin, 5-fluorouracil, Cisplatin, and Doxorubicin accounted for the majority of the medications examined in the studies. Overall, this systematic scoping review attempts to demonstrate and give a complete overview of the function of SGs in the mechanism of action of anti-cancer medications by evaluating all research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Asadi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Hani Sabaie
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Marziye Poornabi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Science, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Elham Ghasemi
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Mehdi Hassani
- Student Research Committee, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Maryam Rezazadeh
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Tabriz Valiasr Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Martins-Teixeira MB, Carvalho I. Antitumour Anthracyclines: Progress and Perspectives. ChemMedChem 2020; 15:933-948. [PMID: 32314528 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202000131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Anthracyclines are ranked among the most effective chemotherapeutics against cancer. They are glycoside drugs comprising the amino sugar daunosamine linked to a hydroxy anthraquinone aglycone, and act by DNA intercalation, oxidative stress generation and topoisomerase II poisoning. Regardless of their therapeutic value, multidrug resistance and severe cardiotoxicity are important limitations of anthracycline treatment that have prompted the discovery of novel analogues. This review covers the most clinically relevant anthracyclines and their development over decades, since the first discovered natural prototypes to recent semisynthetic and synthetic derivatives. These include registered drugs, drug candidates undergoing clinical trials, and compounds under pre-clinical investigation. The impact of the structural modifications on antitumour activity, toxicity and resistance profile is addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maristela B Martins-Teixeira
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo Avenida do Café s/n Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, 14040903, Brazil
| | - Ivone Carvalho
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo Avenida do Café s/n Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, 14040903, Brazil
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Al-malky HS, Al Harthi SE, Osman AMM. Major obstacles to doxorubicin therapy: Cardiotoxicity and drug resistance. J Oncol Pharm Pract 2019; 26:434-444. [DOI: 10.1177/1078155219877931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundDoxorubicin is one of the most commonly prescribed and time-tested anticancer drugs. Although being considered as a first line drug in different types of cancers, the two main obstacles to doxorubicin therapy are drug-induced cardiotoxicity and drug resistance.MethodThe study utilizes systemic reviews on publications of previous studies obtained from scholarly journal databases including PubMed, Medline, Ebsco Host, Google Scholar, and Cochrane. The study utilizes secondary information obtained from health organizations using filters and keywords to sustain information relevancy. The study utilizes information retrieved from studies captured in the peer-reviewed journals on “doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity” and “doxorubicin resistance.”Discussion and resultsThe exact mechanisms of cardiotoxicity are not known; various hypotheses are studied. Doxorubicin can lead to free radical generation in various ways. The commonly proposed underlying mechanisms promoting doxorubicin resistance are the expression of multidrug resistance proteins as well as other causes.ConclusionIn this review, we have described the major obstacles to doxorubicin therapy, doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity as well as the mechanisms of cancer drug resistance and in following the treatment failures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamdan S Al-malky
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sameer E Al Harthi
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdel-Moneim M Osman
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Pharmacology Unit, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Atwal M, Swan RL, Rowe C, Lee KC, Lee DC, Armstrong L, Cowell IG, Austin CA. Intercalating TOP2 Poisons Attenuate Topoisomerase Action at Higher Concentrations. Mol Pharmacol 2019; 96:475-484. [PMID: 31399497 PMCID: PMC6744389 DOI: 10.1124/mol.119.117259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Topoisomerase II (TOP2) poisons are effective cytotoxic anticancer agents that stabilize the normally transient TOP2-DNA covalent complexes formed during the enzyme reaction cycle. These drugs include etoposide, mitoxantrone, and the anthracyclines doxorubicin and epirubicin. Anthracyclines also exert cell-killing activity via TOP2-independent mechanisms, including DNA adduct formation, redox activity, and lipid peroxidation. Here, we show that anthracyclines and another intercalating TOP2 poison, mitoxantrone, stabilize TOP2-DNA covalent complexes less efficiently than etoposide, and at higher concentrations they suppress the formation of TOP2-DNA covalent complexes, thus behaving as TOP2 poisons at low concentration and inhibitors at high concentration. We used induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived human cardiomyocytes as a model to study anthracycline-induced damage in cardiac cells. Using immunofluorescence, our study is the first to demonstrate the presence of topoisomerase IIβ (TOP2B) as the only TOP2 isoform in iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes. In these cells, etoposide robustly induced TOP2B covalent complexes, but we could not detect doxorubicin-induced TOP2-DNA complexes, and doxorubicin suppressed etoposide-induced TOP2-DNA complexes. In vitro, etoposide-stabilized DNA cleavage was attenuated by doxorubicin, epirubicin, or mitoxantrone. Clinical use of anthracyclines is associated with cardiotoxicity. The observations in this study have potentially important clinical consequences regarding the effectiveness of anticancer treatment regimens when TOP2-targeting drugs are used in combination. These observations suggest that inhibition of TOP2B activity, rather than DNA damage resulting from TOP2 poisoning, may play a role in doxorubicin cardiotoxicity. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: We show that anthracyclines and mitoxantrone act as topoisomerase II (TOP2) poisons at low concentration but attenuate TOP2 activity at higher concentration, both in cells and in in vitro cleavage experiments. Inhibition of type II topoisomerases suppresses the action of other drugs that poison TOP2. Thus, combinations containing anthracyclines or mitoxantrone and etoposide may reduce the activity of etoposide as a TOP2 poison and thus reduce the efficacy of drug combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandeep Atwal
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom (M.A., R.L.S., C.R., K.C.L., I.G.C., C.A.A.) and Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom (D.C.L., L.A.)
| | - Rebecca L Swan
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom (M.A., R.L.S., C.R., K.C.L., I.G.C., C.A.A.) and Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom (D.C.L., L.A.)
| | - Chloe Rowe
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom (M.A., R.L.S., C.R., K.C.L., I.G.C., C.A.A.) and Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom (D.C.L., L.A.)
| | - Ka C Lee
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom (M.A., R.L.S., C.R., K.C.L., I.G.C., C.A.A.) and Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom (D.C.L., L.A.)
| | - David C Lee
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom (M.A., R.L.S., C.R., K.C.L., I.G.C., C.A.A.) and Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom (D.C.L., L.A.)
| | - Lyle Armstrong
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom (M.A., R.L.S., C.R., K.C.L., I.G.C., C.A.A.) and Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom (D.C.L., L.A.)
| | - Ian G Cowell
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom (M.A., R.L.S., C.R., K.C.L., I.G.C., C.A.A.) and Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom (D.C.L., L.A.)
| | - Caroline A Austin
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom (M.A., R.L.S., C.R., K.C.L., I.G.C., C.A.A.) and Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom (D.C.L., L.A.)
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Van Tine BA, Agulnik M, Olson RD, Walsh GM, Klausner A, Frank NE, Talley TT, Milhem MM. A phase II clinical study of 13-deoxy, 5-iminodoxorubicin (GPX-150) with metastatic and unresectable soft tissue sarcoma. Cancer Med 2019; 8:2994-3003. [PMID: 31016866 PMCID: PMC6558450 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND 13-Deoxy, 5-iminodoxorubicin (GPX-150) is a doxorubicin (DOX) analog synthesized to reduce the formation of reactive oxygen species and the cardiotoxic metabolite, doxorubiciniol, the two pathways that are linked to the irreversible, cumulative dose-dependent cardiotoxicity of DOX. In a preclinical chronic models and a phase I clinical study of GPX-150, no irreversible, cumulative dose-dependent cardiotoxicity was demonstrated. Recent studies suggest that DOX cardiotoxicity may be mediated, at least in part, by the poisoning of topoisomerase IIβ. PATIENTS AND METHODS An open-label, single-arm phase II clinical study in metastatic and unresectable soft tissue sarcoma (STS) patients was initiated to further evaluate the efficacy and safety of GPX-150, including cardiac function, specifically left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). RESULTS GPX-150 was administered at 265 mg/m2 every 3 weeks for up to 16 doses with prophylactic G-CSF until progression, death, or patient withdrawal from the study. GPX-150 exhibited efficacy assessed as progression-free survival (PFS) rates of 38% and 12% at 6 and 12 months and an overall survival rate of 74% and 45% at 6 and 12 months. GPX-150-treated patients did not develop any evidence of irreversible, cumulative dose-dependent chronic cardiotoxicity. Toxicities included grade 3 anemia, neutropenia, and one grade 4 leukopenia. Correlative analysis demonstrated that GPX-150 was more selective than DOX for the inhibition of topoisomerase IIα over IIβ in vitro. CONCLUSION These results suggest future studies are warranted to further evaluate the clinical efficacy of GPX-150 in STS, perhaps at doses higher than 265 mg/m2 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian A Van Tine
- Division of Medical Oncology, Washington University in St. Louis, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Mark Agulnik
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | | | | | - Nicole E Frank
- College of Pharmacy, Idaho State University, Meridian, Idaho
| | - Todd T Talley
- College of Pharmacy, Idaho State University, Meridian, Idaho
| | - Mohammed M Milhem
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa
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Yu J, Wang C, Kong Q, Wu X, Lu JJ, Chen X. Recent progress in doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity and protective potential of natural products. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 40:125-139. [PMID: 29496165 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2017] [Revised: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/14/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As an anthracycline antibiotic, doxorubicin (DOX) is one of the most potent and widely used chemotherapeutic agents for various types of solid tumors. Unfortunately, clinical application of this drug results in severe side effects of cardiotoxicity. PURPOSE We aim to review the research focused on elimination or reduction of DOX cardiotoxicity without affecting its anticancer efficacy by natural products. METHODS This study is based on pertinent papers that were retrieved by a selective search using relevant keywords in PubMed and ScienceDirect. The literature mainly focusing on natural products and herb extracts with therapeutic efficacies against experimental models both in vitro and in vivo was identified. RESULTS Current evidence revealed that multiple molecules and signaling pathways, such as oxidative stress, iron metabolism, and inflammation, are associated with DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. Based on these knowledge, various strategies were proposed, and thousands of compounds were screened. A number of natural products and herb extracts demonstrated potency in limiting DOX cardiotoxicity toward cultured cells and experimental animal models. CONCLUSIONS Though a panel of natural products and herb extracts demonstrate protective effects on DOX-induced cardiotoxicity in cells and animal models, their therapeutic potentials for clinical needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, PR China
| | - Changxi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, PR China
| | - Qi Kong
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Comparative Medical Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, PR China
| | - Xiaxia Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, PR China
| | - Jin-Jian Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, PR China
| | - Xiuping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, PR China.
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Carter-Cooper BA, Fletcher S, Ferraris D, Choi EY, Kronfli D, Dash S, Truong P, Sausville EA, Lapidus RG, Emadi A. Synthesis, characterization and antineoplastic activity of bis-aziridinyl dimeric naphthoquinone - A novel class of compounds with potent activity against acute myeloid leukemia cells. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 27:6-10. [PMID: 27890379 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.11.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis, characterization and antileukemic activity of rationally designed amino dimeric naphthoquinone (BiQ) possessing aziridine as alkylating moiety is described. Bis-aziridinyl BiQ decreased proliferation of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell lines and primary cells from patients, and exhibited potent (nanomolar) inhibition of colony formation and overall cell survival in AML cells. Effective production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and double stranded DNA breaks (DSB) induced by bis-aziridinyl BiQ is reported. Bis-dimethylamine BiQ, as the isostere of bis-aziridinyl BiQ but without the alkylating moiety did not show as potent anti-AML activity. Systemic administration of bis-aziridinyl BiQ was well tolerated in NSG mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon A Carter-Cooper
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Steven Fletcher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland, School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Dana Ferraris
- Department of Chemistry, McDaniel College, Westminster, MD, United States
| | - Eun Yong Choi
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Dahlia Kronfli
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Smaraki Dash
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Phuc Truong
- Department of Chemistry, McDaniel College, Westminster, MD, United States
| | - Edward A Sausville
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Rena G Lapidus
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Ashkan Emadi
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, United States.
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