1
|
Recent Advances in Natural Product-Based Hybrids as Anti-Cancer Agents. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196632. [PMID: 36235168 PMCID: PMC9572494 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the top leading causes of death worldwide. It is a heterogenous disease characterized by unregulated cell proliferation and invasiveness of abnormal cells. For the treatment of cancer, natural products have been widely used as a source of therapeutic ingredients since ancient times. Although natural compounds and their derivatives have demonstrated strong antitumor activity in many types of cancer, their poor pharmacokinetic properties, low cell selectivity, limited bioavailability and restricted efficacy against drug-resistant cancer cells hinder their wide clinical application. Conjugation of natural products with other bioactive molecules has given rise to a new field in drug discovery resulting to the development of novel, bifunctional and more potent drugs for cancer therapy to overcome the current drawbacks. This review discusses multiple categories of such bifunctional conjugates and highlights recent trends and advances in the development of natural product hybrids. Among them, ADCs, PDCs, ApDCs, PROTACs and AUTOTACs represent emerging therapeutic agents against cancer.
Collapse
|
2
|
Constantinescu T, Mihis AG. Two Important Anticancer Mechanisms of Natural and Synthetic Chalcones. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911595. [PMID: 36232899 PMCID: PMC9570335 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
ATP-binding cassette subfamily G and tubulin pharmacological mechanisms decrease the effectiveness of anticancer drugs by modulating drug absorption and by creating tubulin assembly through polymerization. A series of natural and synthetic chalcones have been reported to have very good anticancer activity, with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration lower than 1 µM. By modulation, it is observed in case of the first mechanism that methoxy substituents on the aromatic cycle of acetophenone residue and substitution of phenyl nucleus by a heterocycle and by methoxy or hydroxyl groups have a positive impact. To inhibit tubulin, compounds bind to colchicine binding site. Presence of methoxy groups, amino groups or heterocyclic substituents increase activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teodora Constantinescu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Iuliu Hatieganu University, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alin Grig Mihis
- Advanced Materials and Applied Technologies Laboratory, Institute of Research-Development-Innovation in Applied Natural Sciences, “Babes-Bolyai” University, Fantanele Str. 30, 400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mohammed HHH, Abd El-Hafeez AA, Ebeid K, Mekkawy AI, Abourehab MAS, Wafa EI, Alhaj-Suliman SO, Salem AK, Ghosh P, Abuo-Rahma GEDA, Hayallah AM, Abbas SH. New 1,2,3-triazole linked ciprofloxacin-chalcones induce DNA damage by inhibiting human topoisomerase I& II and tubulin polymerization. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2022; 37:1346-1363. [PMID: 35548854 PMCID: PMC9116245 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2072308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of novel 1,2,3-triazole-linked ciprofloxacin-chalcones 4a-j were synthesised as potential anticancer agents. Hybrids 4a-j exhibited remarkable anti-proliferative activity against colon cancer cells. Compounds 4a-j displayed IC50s ranged from 2.53-8.67 µM, 8.67-62.47 µM, and 4.19-24.37 µM for HCT116, HT29, and Caco-2 cells; respectively, whereas the doxorubicin, showed IC50 values of 1.22, 0.88, and 4.15 µM. Compounds 4a, 4b, 4e, 4i, and 4j were the most potent against HCT116 with IC50 values of 3.57, 4.81, 4.32, 4.87, and 2.53 µM, respectively, compared to doxorubicin (IC50 = 1.22 µM). Also, hybrids 4a, 4b, 4e, 4i, and 4j exhibited remarkable inhibitory activities against topoisomerase I, II, and tubulin polymerisation. They increased the protein expression level of γH2AX, indicating DNA damage, and arrested HCT116 in G2/M phase, possibly through the ATR/CHK1/Cdc25C pathway. Thus, the novel ciprofloxacin hybrids could be exploited as potential leads for further investigation as novel anticancer medicines to fight colorectal carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamada H H Mohammed
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Amer Ali Abd El-Hafeez
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Cancer Biology Department, Pharmacology and Experimental Oncology Unit, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Kareem Ebeid
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Manufacturing, Deraya University, New Minia City, Minia, Egypt
| | - Aml I Mekkawy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Mohammed A S Abourehab
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emad I Wafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Suhaila O Alhaj-Suliman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Aliasger K Salem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Pradipta Ghosh
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Rebecca and John Moore Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Veterans Affairs Medical Center, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gamal El-Din A Abuo-Rahma
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Alaa M Hayallah
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.,Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sphinx University, New Assiut, Egypt
| | - Samar H Abbas
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Synthesis, in vitro and in silico antitumor evaluation of 3-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-1,5-diphenylpentane-1,5‑dione: Structure, spectroscopic, RDG, Hirshfeld and DFT based analyses. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.132002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|
5
|
Investigation of electrochemical and indicator properties of chalcone type compounds. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-022-02115-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
6
|
Synthesis, Anticancer Assessment, and Molecular Docking of Novel Chalcone-Thienopyrimidine Derivatives in HepG2 and MCF-7 Cell Lines. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2021:4759821. [PMID: 35003514 PMCID: PMC8728392 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4759821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Heterocycles containing thienopyrimidine moieties have attracted attention due to their interesting biological and pharmacological activities. In this research article, we reported the synthesis of a series of new hybrid molecules through merging the structural features of chalcones and pyridothienopyrimidinones. Our results indicated that the synthesis of chalcone-thienopyrimidine derivatives from the corresponding thienopyrimidine and chalcones proceeded in a relatively short reaction time with good yields and high purity. Most of these novel compounds exhibited moderate to robust cytotoxicity against HepG2 and MCF-7 cancer cells similar to that of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). The results indicated that IC50 of the two compounds (3b and 3g) showed more potent anticancer activities against HepG2 and MCF-7 than 5-FU. An MTT assay and flow cytometry showed that only 3b and 3g had anticancer activity and antiproliferative activities at the G1 phase against MCF-7 cells, while six compounds (3a-e and 3g) had cytotoxicity and cell cycle arrest at different phases against HepG2 cells. Their cytotoxicity was achieved through downregulation of Bcl-2 and upregulation of Bax, caspase-3, and caspase-9. Although all tested compounds increased oxidative stress via increment of MDA levels and decrement of glutathione reductase (GR) activities compared to control, the 3a, 3b, and 3g in HepG2 and 3b and 3g in MCF-7 achieved the target results. Moreover, there was a positive correlation between cytotoxic efficacy of the compound and apoptosis in both HepG2 (R 2 = 0.531; P = 0.001) and MCF-7 (R 2 = 0.219; P = 0.349) cell lines. The results of molecular docking analysis of 3a-g into the binding groove of Bcl-2 revealed relatively moderate binding free energies compared to the selective Bcl-2 inhibitor, DRO. Like venetoclax, compounds 3a-g showed 2 violations from Lipinski's rule. However, the results of the ADME study also revealed higher drug-likeness scores for compounds 3a-g than for venetoclax. In conclusion, the tested newly synthesized chalcone-pyridothienopyrimidinone derivatives showed promising antiproliferative and apoptotic effects. Mechanistically, the compounds increased ROS production with concomitant cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Therefore, regulation of the cell cycle and apoptosis are possible targets for anticancer therapy. The tested compounds could be potent anticancer agents to be tested in future clinical trials after extensive pharmacodynamic, pharmacokinetic, and toxicity profile investigations.
Collapse
|
7
|
Pereira D, Pinto M, Correia-da-Silva M, Cidade H. Recent Advances in Bioactive Flavonoid Hybrids Linked by 1,2,3-Triazole Ring Obtained by Click Chemistry. Molecules 2021; 27:230. [PMID: 35011463 PMCID: PMC8746422 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
As a result of the biological activities of natural flavonoids, several synthetic strategies aiming to obtain analogues with improved potency and/or pharmacokinetic profile have been developed. Since the triazole ring has been associated with several biological activities and metabolic stability, hybridization with a 1,2,3-triazole ring has been increasingly reported over the last years. The feasible synthesis through copper (I) catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) has allowed the accomplishment of several hybrids. Since 2017, almost 700 flavonoid hybrids conjugated with 1,2,3-triazole, including chalcones, flavones, flavanones and flavonols, among others, with antitumor, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antifouling activity have been reported. This review compiles the biological activities recently described for these hybrids, highlighting the mechanism of action and structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Pereira
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry (LQOF), Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (D.P.); (M.P.)
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Madalena Pinto
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry (LQOF), Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (D.P.); (M.P.)
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Marta Correia-da-Silva
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry (LQOF), Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (D.P.); (M.P.)
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Honorina Cidade
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry (LQOF), Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (D.P.); (M.P.)
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yepes AF, Arias JD, Cardona-G W, Herrera-R A, Moreno G. New class of hybrids based on chalcone and melatonin: a promising therapeutic option for the treatment of colorectal cancer. Med Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-021-02805-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
|
9
|
Chalcone Derivatives: Role in Anticancer Therapy. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11060894. [PMID: 34208562 PMCID: PMC8234180 DOI: 10.3390/biom11060894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chalcones (1,3-diaryl-2-propen-1-ones) are precursors for flavonoids and isoflavonoids, which are common simple chemical scaffolds found in many naturally occurring compounds. Many chalcone derivatives were also prepared due to their convenient synthesis. Chalcones as weandhetic analogues have attracted much interest due to their broad biological activities with clinical potentials against various diseases, particularly for antitumor activity. The chalcone family has demonstrated potential in vitro and in vivo activity against cancers via multiple mechanisms, including cell cycle disruption, autophagy regulation, apoptosis induction, and immunomodulatory and inflammatory mediators. It represents a promising strategy to develop chalcones as novel anticancer agents. In addition, the combination of chalcones and other therapies is expected to be an effective way to improve anticancer therapeutic efficacy. However, despite the encouraging results for their response to cancers observed in clinical studies, a full description of toxicity is required for their clinical use as safe drugs for the treatment of cancer. In this review, we will summarize the recent advances of the chalcone family as potential anticancer agents and the mechanisms of action. Besides, future applications and scope of the chalcone family toward the treatment and prevention of cancer are brought out.
Collapse
|
10
|
Rioux B, Pinon A, Gamond A, Martin F, Laurent A, Champavier Y, Barette C, Liagre B, Fagnère C, Sol V, Pouget C. Synthesis and biological evaluation of chalcone-polyamine conjugates as novel vectorized agents in colorectal and prostate cancer chemotherapy. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 222:113586. [PMID: 34116328 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to synthesize chalcone-polyamine conjugates in order to enhance bioavailability and selectivity of chalcone core towards cancer cells, using polyamine-based vectors. Indeed, it is well-known that polyamine transport system is upregulated in tumor cells. 3',4,4',5'-tetramethoxychalcone was selected as parent chalcone since it was found to be an efficient anti-proliferative agent on various cancer cells. A series of five chalcone-polyamine conjugates was obtained using the 4-bromopropyloxy-3',4',5'-trimethoxychalcone as a key intermediate. Chalcone core and polyamine tails were fused through an amine bond. These conjugates were found to possess a marked in vitro antiproliferative effect against colorectal (HT-29 and HCT-116) and prostate cancer (PC-3 and DU-145) cell lines. The most active conjugate (compound 8b) was then chosen for further biological evaluations to elucidate mechanisms responsible for its antiproliferative activity. Investigations on cell cycle distribution revealed that this conjugate can prevent the proliferation of human colorectal and prostate cancer cells by blocking the cell cycle at the G1 and G2 phase, respectively. Flow cytometry analysis revealed a sub-G1 peak, characteristic of apoptotic cell population and our inquiries highlighted apoptosis induction at early and later stages through several pro-apoptotic markers. Therefore, this chalcone-N1-spermidine conjugate could be considered as a promising agent for colon and prostatic cancer adjuvant therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Rioux
- Université de Limoges, Laboratoire PEIRENE EA 7500, Faculté de Pharmacie, 2 Rue Du Dr Marcland, 87025, Limoges Cedex, France
| | - Aline Pinon
- Université de Limoges, Laboratoire PEIRENE EA 7500, Faculté de Pharmacie, 2 Rue Du Dr Marcland, 87025, Limoges Cedex, France
| | - Aurélie Gamond
- Université de Limoges, Laboratoire PEIRENE EA 7500, Faculté de Pharmacie, 2 Rue Du Dr Marcland, 87025, Limoges Cedex, France
| | - Frédérique Martin
- Université de Limoges, Laboratoire PEIRENE EA 7500, Faculté de Pharmacie, 2 Rue Du Dr Marcland, 87025, Limoges Cedex, France
| | - Aurélie Laurent
- Université de Limoges, Laboratoire PEIRENE EA 7500, Faculté de Pharmacie, 2 Rue Du Dr Marcland, 87025, Limoges Cedex, France
| | - Yves Champavier
- Université de Limoges, Laboratoire PEIRENE EA 7500, Faculté de Pharmacie, 2 Rue Du Dr Marcland, 87025, Limoges Cedex, France; Université de Limoges, BISCEm NMR Platform, GEIST, 2 Rue Du Dr Marcland, 87025, Limoges Cedex, France
| | - Caroline Barette
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INSERM, IRIG, BGE U1038, Genetics & Chemogenomics, 17 Avenue des Martyrs, Grenoble, 38054, France
| | - Bertrand Liagre
- Université de Limoges, Laboratoire PEIRENE EA 7500, Faculté de Pharmacie, 2 Rue Du Dr Marcland, 87025, Limoges Cedex, France
| | - Catherine Fagnère
- Université de Limoges, Laboratoire PEIRENE EA 7500, Faculté de Pharmacie, 2 Rue Du Dr Marcland, 87025, Limoges Cedex, France
| | - Vincent Sol
- Université de Limoges, Laboratoire PEIRENE EA 7500, Faculté de Pharmacie, 2 Rue Du Dr Marcland, 87025, Limoges Cedex, France
| | - Christelle Pouget
- Université de Limoges, Laboratoire PEIRENE EA 7500, Faculté de Pharmacie, 2 Rue Du Dr Marcland, 87025, Limoges Cedex, France.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
The Newly Synthetized Chalcone L1 Is Involved in the Cell Growth Inhibition, Induction of Apoptosis and Suppression of Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition of HeLa Cells. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26051356. [PMID: 33802621 PMCID: PMC7961543 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past decades, natural products have emerged as promising agents with multiple biological activities. Many studies suggest the antioxidant, antiangiogenic, antiproliferative and anticancer effects of chalcones and their derivatives. Based on these findings, we decided to evaluate the effects of the newly synthetized chalcone L1 in a human cervical carcinoma cell (HeLa) model. Presented results were obtained by western blot and flow cytometric analyses, live cell imaging and antimigratory potential of L1 in HeLa cells was demonstrated by scratch assay. In the present study, we proved the role of L1 as an effective agent with antiproliferative activity supported by G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Moreover, we proved that L1 is involved in modulating Transforming Growth Factor-β1 (TGF-β) signal transduction through Smad proteins and it also modulates other signalling pathways including Akt, JNK, p38 MAPK, and Erk1/2. The involvement of L1 in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition was demonstrated by the regulation of N-cadherin, E-cadherin, and MMP-9 levels. Here, we also evaluated the effect of conditioned medium from BJ-5ta human foreskin fibroblasts in HeLa cell cultures with subsequent L1 treatment. Taken together, these data suggest the potential role of newly synthesized chalcone L1 as an anticancer-tumour microenvironment modulating agent.
Collapse
|
12
|
Xia LY, Zhang YL, Yang R, Wang ZC, Lu YD, Wang BZ, Zhu HL. Tubulin Inhibitors Binding to Colchicine-Site: A Review from 2015 to 2019. Curr Med Chem 2021; 27:6787-6814. [PMID: 31580244 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666191003154051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Due to the three domains of the colchicine-site which is conducive to the combination with small molecule compounds, colchicine-site on the tubulin has become a common target for antitumor drug development, and accordingly, a large number of tubulin inhibitors binding to the colchicine-site have been reported and evaluated over the past years. In this study, tubulin inhibitors targeting the colchicine-site and their application as antitumor agents were reviewed based on the literature from 2015 to 2019. Tubulin inhibitors were classified into ten categories according to the structural features, including colchicine derivatives, CA-4 analogs, chalcone analogs, coumarin analogs, indole hybrids, quinoline and quinazoline analogs, lignan and podophyllotoxin derivatives, phenothiazine analogs, N-heterocycle hybrids and others. Most of them displayed potent antitumor activity, including antiproliferative effects against Multi-Drug-Resistant (MDR) cell lines and antivascular properties, both in vitro and in vivo. In this review, the design, synthesis and the analysis of the structure-activity relationship of tubulin inhibitors targeting the colchicine-site were described in detail. In addition, multi-target inhibitors, anti-MDR compounds, and inhibitors bearing antitumor activity in vivo are further listed in tables to present a clear picture of potent tubulin inhibitors, which could be beneficial for medicinal chemistry researchers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Ying Xia
- Zhengzhou Children’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450018, P.R. China,State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
| | - Ya-Liang Zhang
- Zhengzhou Children’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450018, P.R. China,State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
| | - Rong Yang
- Zhengzhou Children’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450018, P.R. China,State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
| | - Zhong-Chang Wang
- Zhengzhou Children’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450018, P.R. China,State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
| | - Ya-Dong Lu
- Neonatal Medical Center, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, P.R. China
| | - Bao-Zhong Wang
- Zhengzhou Children’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450018, P.R. China,State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Liang Zhu
- Zhengzhou Children’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450018, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Girase PS, Dhawan S, Kumar V, Shinde SR, Palkar MB, Karpoormath R. An appraisal of anti-mycobacterial activity with structure-activity relationship of piperazine and its analogues: A review. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 210:112967. [PMID: 33190957 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Piperazine, is privileged six membered nitrogen containing heterocyclic ring also known as 1,4-Diazacyclohexane. Consequently, piperazine is a versatile medicinally important scaffold and is an essential core in numerous marketed drugs with diverse pharmacological activities. In recent years several potent molecules containing piperazine as an essential subunit of the structural frame have been reported, especially against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). Remarkably, a good number of these reported molecules also displayed potential activity against multidrug-resistant (MDR), and extremely drug-resistant (XDR) strains of MTB. In this review, we have made a concerted effort to retrace anti-mycobacterial compounds for the past five decades (1971-2019) specifically where piperazine has been used as a vital building block. This review will benefit medicinal chemists as it elaborates on the design, rationale and structure-activity relationship (SAR) of the reported potent piperazine based anti-TB molecules, which in turn will assist them in addressing the gaps, exploiting the reported strategies and developing safer, selective, and cost-effective anti-mycobacterial agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj S Girase
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville), Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Sanjeev Dhawan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville), Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Vishal Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville), Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Suraj R Shinde
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville), Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Mahesh B Palkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville), Durban, 4000, South Africa; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, K.L.E. College of Pharmacy (Constituent Unit of KAHER), Vidyanagar, Hubballi, 580031, Karnataka, India
| | - Rajshekhar Karpoormath
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville), Durban, 4000, South Africa.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Yang J, Mu WW, Liu GY. Synthesis and evaluation of the anticancer activity of bischalcone analogs in human lung carcinoma (A549) cell line. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 888:173396. [PMID: 32798508 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Bischalcone has gained much attention because of its wide range of application in pharmaceutical chemistry. This work aims to evaluate the antiproliferation effects and explore the anticancer mechanism of bischalcone analogs on human lung cancer A549 cells. In this study, we synthesized a series of bischalcone analogs via Aldol condensation reaction; MTT method was used to evaluate the antiproliferation effects; the 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein fluorescence assay was used to determine the intracellular reactive oxygen species levels; the glutathione reductase-DTNB recycling assay was used to detect the redox imbalance; determination of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance was used to evaluate the lipid peroxidation; Rhodamine 123 was used to test the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP); the FITC/PI kit was used to detect the apoptosis; Western blotting was used to detect the expression of Bax and Caspase 3. After treatment with curcumin and bischalcone analogs, compounds 1d and 1g, the more stabilities compounds than curcumin, exhibited much higher potency in A549 cells than curcumin and other bischalcone analogs. Further mechanism of action studies revealed that 1d and 1g exhibited more stronger reactive oxygen species production abilities than curcumin and accompanied by the redox imbalance, lipid peroxidation, the loss of MMP, the activition of Bax and Caspase 3, and ultimately resulted in apoptosis of A549 cell. These data suggest that enhancing the reactive oxygen species generation ability of bischalcone analogs may be a promising strategy for the treatment of human lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Liaocheng University, 1 Hunan Street, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, China.
| | - Wen-Wen Mu
- School of Pharmacy, Liaocheng University, 1 Hunan Street, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, China
| | - Guo-Yun Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Liaocheng University, 1 Hunan Street, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Gao F, Huang G, Xiao J. Chalcone hybrids as potential anticancer agents: Current development, mechanism of action, and structure-activity relationship. Med Res Rev 2020; 40:2049-2084. [PMID: 32525247 DOI: 10.1002/med.21698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The continuous emergency of drug-resistant cancers and the low specificity of anticancer agents have been the major challenges in the control and treatment of cancer, making an urgent need to develop novel anticancer agents with high efficacy. Chalcones, precursors of flavonoids and isoflavonoids, exhibit structural heterogeneity and can act on various drug targets. Chalcones which demonstrated potential in vitro and in vivo activity against both drug-susceptible and drug-resistant cancers, are useful templates for the development of novel anticancer agents. Hybridization of chalcone moiety with other anticancer pharmacophores could provide the hybrids which have the potential to overcome drug resistance and improve the specificity, so it represents a promising strategy to develop novel anticancer agents. This review emphasizes the development, the mechanisms of action as well as structure-activity relationships of chalcone hybrids with potential therapeutic application for many cancers in recent 10 years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaqi Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ultrasounds-mediated 10-seconds synthesis of chalcones as potential farnesyltransferase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:127149. [PMID: 32247731 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A broad range of chalcones and derivatives were easily and rapidly synthesized, following Claisen-Schmidt condensation of (hetero)aryl ketones and (hetero)aryl aldehydes using a ultrasound probe. A comparison was made with classical magnetic stirring experiments, and an optimization study was realized, showing lithium hydroxide to be the best basic catalyst of the studied condensations. By-products of the reactions (β-hydroxy-ketone, diketones, and cyclohexanols) were also isolated. All compounds were evaluated in vitro for their ability to inhibit human farnesyltransferase, a protein implicated in cancer and rare diseases and on the NCI-60 cancer cell lines panel. Molecules showed inhibitory activity on the target protein and cytostatic effect on different cell lines with particular activity against MCF7, breast cancer cells.
Collapse
|
17
|
Takac P, Kello M, Vilkova M, Vaskova J, Michalkova R, Mojzisova G, Mojzis J. Antiproliferative Effect of Acridine Chalcone Is Mediated by Induction of Oxidative Stress. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10020345. [PMID: 32098428 PMCID: PMC7072140 DOI: 10.3390/biom10020345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chalcones are naturally occurring phytochemicals with diverse biological activities including antioxidant, antiproliferative, and anticancer effects. Some studies indicate that the antiproliferative effect of chalcones may be associated with their pro-oxidant effect. In the present study, we evaluated contribution of oxidative stress in the antiproliferative effect of acridine chalcone 1C ((2 E)-3-(acridin-9-yl)-1-(2,6-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one) in human colorectal HCT116 cells. We demonstrated that chalcone 1C induced oxidative stress via increased reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) and superoxide production with a simultaneous weak adaptive activation of the cellular antioxidant defence mechanism. Furthermore, we also showed chalcone-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, DNA damage, and apoptosis induction. Moreover, activation of mitogen activated phosphokinase (MAPK) signalling pathway in 1C-treated cancer cells was also observed. On the other hand, co-treatment of cells with strong antioxidant, N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), significantly attenuated all of the above-mentioned effects of chalcone 1C, that is, decreased oxidant production, prevent mitochondrial dysfunction, DNA damage, and induction of apoptosis, as well as partially preventing the activation of MAPK signalling. Taken together, we documented the role of ROS in the antiproliferative/pro-apoptotic effects of acridine chalcone 1C. Moreover, these data suggest that this chalcone may be useful as a promising anti-cancer agent for treating colon cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Takac
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University, 040 11 Kosice, Slovakia (R.M.)
- Institute of Human and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Martin Kello
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University, 040 11 Kosice, Slovakia (R.M.)
- Correspondence: (M.K.); (J.M.)
| | - Maria Vilkova
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Safarik University, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia;
| | - Janka Vaskova
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia;
| | - Radka Michalkova
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University, 040 11 Kosice, Slovakia (R.M.)
| | - Gabriela Mojzisova
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia;
| | - Jan Mojzis
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University, 040 11 Kosice, Slovakia (R.M.)
- Correspondence: (M.K.); (J.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhu H, Tang L, Zhang C, Wei B, Yang P, He D, Zheng L, Zhang Y. Synthesis of Chalcone Derivatives: Inducing Apoptosis of HepG2 Cells via Regulating Reactive Oxygen Species and Mitochondrial Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1341. [PMID: 31803052 PMCID: PMC6874057 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Chalcone derivatives, as a hot research field, exhibit a variety of physiological bioactivities and target multiple biological receptors. Based on the skeleton of (E)-1,3-diphenyl-2-propene-1-one, 14 chalcone derivatives were designed and synthesized, and evaluated as the antitumor candidates agents against four human cancer cell lines (A549, Hela, HepG2, and HL-60) as well as one normal cell line (WI-38). Among the title compounds, compound a14 showed better inhibitory activity against HepG2 cells (IC50 = 38.33 µM) and had relatively weak cytotoxicity towards normal cells WI-38 (IC50 = 121.29 µM). In this study, apoptosis, cycle arrest, assessment of reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, and measurement of mitochondrial membrane potential were adopted to explore the inhibitory mechanism of a14 towards HepG2. Compound a14 could effectively block the division of HepG2 cell lines in the G2/M phase and robustly induced generation of ROS, demonstrating that the generation of ROS induced by a14 was the main reason for resulting in the apoptosis of HepG2 cells. Moreover, the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) of HepG2 cells treated with a14 was significantly decreased, which was closely related to the enhanced ROS level. Furthermore, based on Western blot experiment, cell apoptosis induced by a14 also involved the expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) family and Caspase 3 protein. In summary, compound a14 could contribute to the apoptosis of HepG2 cells through regulating ROS-mitochondrial pathway, which provides valuable hints for the discovery of novel anti-tumor drug candidates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongtian Zhu
- Materia Medica Development Group, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Lanzhou University School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou, China.,Innovative Drug Research Department, Lanzhou Weihuan Biological Science and Technology Development Co, Ltd., Lanzhou, China
| | - Lei Tang
- Materia Medica Development Group, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Lanzhou University School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou, China.,Innovative Drug Research Department, Lanzhou Weihuan Biological Science and Technology Development Co, Ltd., Lanzhou, China
| | - Chenghong Zhang
- Materia Medica Development Group, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Lanzhou University School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou, China.,Innovative Drug Research Department, Lanzhou Weihuan Biological Science and Technology Development Co, Ltd., Lanzhou, China
| | - Baochu Wei
- Materia Medica Development Group, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Lanzhou University School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou, China.,Pharmacy Department, Lanzhou Pulmonary Hospital Pharmacy, Lanzhou, China
| | - Pingrong Yang
- Materia Medica Development Group, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Lanzhou University School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou, China.,NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Chinese Materia Medica and Prepared Slices), Gansu Institute for Drug Control, Lanzhou, China
| | - Dian He
- Materia Medica Development Group, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Lanzhou University School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou, China.,NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Chinese Materia Medica and Prepared Slices), Gansu Institute for Drug Control, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lifang Zheng
- Materia Medica Development Group, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Lanzhou University School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Innovative Drug Research Department, Lanzhou Weihuan Biological Science and Technology Development Co, Ltd., Lanzhou, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|