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Yu Z, He X, Li Z, Zhou S, Guo D, Pu H, Luo H. Anammox bacterial abundance and diversity in different temperatures of purple paddy soils by 13C-DNA stable-isotope probing combined with high-throughput sequencing. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1098681. [PMID: 36756352 PMCID: PMC9899793 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1098681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) plays a vital role in the global nitrogen cycle by oxidizing ammonium to nitrogen under anaerobic environments. However, the existence, abundance, and diversity of anammox bacteria between different temperatures are less studied, particularly in purple paddy soils. Methods 13C-DNA stable-isotope probe combined with Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing was employed to explore soil abundance and diversity of anammox bacteria. In doing so, 40-60 cm depth soils from typical purple paddy soils in Chongqing, southwest China, were cultured under 12CO2-labeled and 13CO2-labeled at 35°C, 25°C, 15°C, and 5°C for 56 days. Results and Discussion Anammox bacteria were not labeled at all by 13CO2 at 5°C. The highest abundance of anammox bacteria was found at 25°C (3.52 × 106~3.66 × 106 copies·g-1 dry soil), followed by 35°C and 15°C (2.01 × 106~2.37 × 106 copies·g-1 dry soil) and almost no increase at 5°C. The relative abundance of Candidatus Jettenia sp. was higher at 25°C and 15°C, while Candidatus Brocadia sp. was higher at 35°C and 5°C. Our results revealed differences in anammox bacteria at different temperatures in purple paddy soils, which could provide a better understanding of soil N cycling regulated by anammox bacteria.
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Wang YF, Gu JD, Dick RP, Han W, Yang HX, Liao HQ, Zhou Y, Meng H. Distribution of ammonia-oxidizing archaea and bacteria along an engineered coastal ecosystem in subtropical China. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2021; 30:1769-1779. [PMID: 33432457 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-020-02327-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and bacteria (AOB) are the crucial players in nitrogen cycle. Both AOA and AOB were examined along a gradient of human activity in a coastal ecosystem from intertidal zone, grassland, and Casuarina equisetifolia forest to farmland. Results showed that the farmland soils had noticeably higher nitrate-N, available P than soils in the other three sites. Generally, AOA and AOB community structures varied across sites. The farmland mainly had Nitrosotalea-like AOA, intertidal zone was dominated by Nitrosopumilus AOA, while grassland and C. equisetifolia forest primarily harbored Nitrososphaera-like AOA. The farmland and C. equisetifolia forest owned Nitrosospira-like AOB, intertidal zone possessed Nitrosomonas-like AOB, and no AOB was detected in the grassland. AOA abundance was significantly greater than AOB in this coastal ecosystem (p < 0.05, n = 8). AOB diversity and abundance in the farmland were significantly higher than those in the other three sites (p < 0.05, n = 2). The biodiversity and abundance of AOA were not significantly correlated with any soil property (p < 0.05, n = 8). However, the diversity of AOB was significantly correlated with pH, available P and total P (p < 0.05, n = 6). The abundance of AOB was significantly correlated with pH, nitrite, available N, available P and total P (p < 0.05, n = 6). This study suggested that the community structures of AOA and AOB vary in the different parts in the bio-engineered coastal ecosystem and agricultural activity appears to influence these nitrifiers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Feng Wang
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Security, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture, Protection and Utilization, Guangdong Academy of Forestry, 233 Guangshan 1st Road, Guangzhou, PR China.
| | - Ji-Dong Gu
- Environmental Engineering, Guangdong Technion Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, 515063, PR China
| | - Richard P Dick
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, The Ohio State University, 2021 Coffey Road, Columbus, OH, 43210-1085, USA
| | - Wei Han
- Agro-Technical Station of Shandong Province, Jinan, PR China
| | - Hui-Xiao Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture, Protection and Utilization, Guangdong Academy of Forestry, 233 Guangshan 1st Road, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Huan-Qin Liao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture, Protection and Utilization, Guangdong Academy of Forestry, 233 Guangshan 1st Road, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture, Protection and Utilization, Guangdong Academy of Forestry, 233 Guangshan 1st Road, Guangzhou, PR China.
| | - Han Meng
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
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Yuan Q, Wang K, He B, Liu R, Qian L, Wan S, Zhou Y, Cai H, Gong H. Spontaneous mainstream anammox in a full-scale wastewater treatment plant with hybrid sludge retention time in a temperate zone of China. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2021; 93:854-864. [PMID: 33150637 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Spontaneous anammox bacteria enrichment at mainstream conditions was reported in a full-scale Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) in a temperate zone of China. The mainstream anammox was observed after WWTP process retrofit, which constructed a hybrid sludge retention time (SRT) system by providing moving carriers in the anaerobic/anoxic tank and was initially designed to enhance the denitrification process in a conventional anaerobic/anoxic/oxic process. The hybrid SRT system achieved 86.0 ± 4.6% total nitrogen (TN) removal via combined mainstream anammox and conventional denitrification. Autotrophic denitrification via mainstream anammox was confirmed by various shreds of evidence including high-throughput sequencing, specific anammox activity test, and 15 N isotopic tracing. Long-term anammox bacteria existence in the biofilm of the carrier in anoxic zones was detected in a much higher relative abundance compared with other spots. The contribution of anammox activity to TN removal was estimated at around 20%-30%. The reasons leading to spontaneous anammox enrichment were mainly attributed to the carriers for slow-growing bacteria growth and dissolved oxygen gradient in the anoxic tank (caused by intermittent aeration) for nitrite production. The insights of this full-scale case study provide important perspectives for future mainstream anammox application, and also the design of an energy-neutral WWTP process. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Spontaneous mainstream anammox in a full-scale WWTP after its retrofit in a temperate zone of China was reported. Anammox bacteria enrichment and long-term stability on moving carriers at mainstream conditions was achieved by modified hybrid SRT system. The hybrid SRT system achieve stable nitrogen removal even in cold winter and high BOD/N situation by combining mainstream anammox with conventional denitrification. Long term full-scale operation demonstrated excellent nitrogen removal with about 20%-30% contribution of mainstream anammox. This full-scale case study provided perspectives for future optimizing mainstream anammox application, and also energy-neutral WWTP process design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Yuan
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Kaijun Wang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | | | | | | | - Shuo Wan
- Thunip Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Yaxu Zhou
- Xi'an Wastewater Treatment Co. Ltd., Xi'an, China
| | - Hulin Cai
- Xi'an Wastewater Treatment Co. Ltd., Xi'an, China
| | - Hui Gong
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation Bacteria in a Freshwater Recirculating Pond Aquaculture System. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18094941. [PMID: 34066435 PMCID: PMC8124726 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18094941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) is a key biochemical process to reduce nitrogen pollution in aquaculture, especially in water recirculating pond aquaculture system (RPAS). We used 16S RNA and quantified PCR to study the distribution and environmental impacts of anammox bacteria in RPAS. The results show that the anammox bacterial community distributions and diversities that are apparently unit-specific and seasonal have significant (p < 0.05) difference variation in the RPAS. Most of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria sequences (77.72%) retrieved from the RPAS belong to the Brocadia cluster. The abundance of anammox bacterial in the RPAS ranged from 3.33 × 101 to 41.84 × 101 copies per ng of DNA. The environmental parameter of temperature and nitrogen composition in water could have impacted the anammox bacterial abundance. This study provides more information on our understanding of the anammox bacteria in the RPAS, and provides an important basis for RPAS improvement and regulation.
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Naufal M, Wu JH. Stability of microbial functionality in anammox sludge adaptation to various salt concentrations and different salt-adding steps. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 264:114713. [PMID: 32388308 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The stability of community functioning in anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox) sludge adaptation to various salinity changes are concerned but not fully explored. In this study, two anammox reactors were designed in response to different salt levels and salt-adding methods. The reactor PI, run with small stepwise salt increments (0.5%-1.0%), removed >90% of nitrite and ammonium in the influent over the range of 0%-4% salt. By contrast, the reactor SI, run with a sharp salt increment (>2.5%), exhibited a reduced performance (by up to 44%) over the same salt range with a new steady state. The observed resilience times after salt perturbations indicated that the PI reactor recovered substantially and rapidly at all imposed salt levels. Principal coordinates analysis of 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequences revealed that bacterial community structures of the anammox sludge altered conspicuously in response to the salinity changes. However, quantitative PCR analysis showed that the shift in copy number of studied nitrogen-converting genes encoding hydrazine synthase (hzsA), bacterial and archaeal ammonia monooxygenases (amoA), nitrite oxidoreductase (nxrB), nitrite reductase (nirK), and nitrous oxide reductase (nosZ) was not significant (p > 0.05) in anammox sludge across the salt levels of 0.5%-4%, which suggests the stability of microbial community functioning in the osmoadaptation processes. The freshwater anammox Ca. Kuenenia showed high osmoadaptation by potentially adopting both high-salt-in and low-salt-in strategies to dominate in both reactors. The quantitative transcript analysis showed that the active anammox bacteria represented by hzsA transcripts in the SI reactor were approximately two orders of magnitude lower than those in the PI reactor during the long-term exposure to 4% salinity, manifesting the influence by the salt-increasing methods. These results provided new insight into osmo-adaptation of the anammox microbiome and will be useful for managing salinity effects on nitrogen removal processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Naufal
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan
| | - Jer-Horng Wu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan.
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Shen LD, Liu X, Wu HS. Importance of anaerobic ammonium oxidation as a nitrogen removal pathway in freshwater marsh sediments. J Appl Microbiol 2018; 125:1423-1434. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.14042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L.-D. Shen
- Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agricultural Meteorology; School of Applied Meteorology; Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology; Nanjing China
- Department of Ecology; School of Applied Meteorology; Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology; Nanjing China
| | - X. Liu
- Department of Ecology; School of Applied Meteorology; Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology; Nanjing China
| | - H.-S. Wu
- Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agricultural Meteorology; School of Applied Meteorology; Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology; Nanjing China
- Department of Ecology; School of Applied Meteorology; Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology; Nanjing China
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Abundance and diversity of anammox bacteria in a mainstream municipal wastewater treatment plant. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:6713-6723. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9126-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Azari M, Walter U, Rekers V, Gu JD, Denecke M. More than a decade of experience of landfill leachate treatment with a full-scale anammox plant combining activated sludge and activated carbon biofilm. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 174:117-126. [PMID: 28160675 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.01.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The performance of biological treatment for high ammonium removal from landfill leachate has been demonstrated. The plant was upgraded combining the activated sludge process followed by activated carbon reactor. Based on a long-term analysis of data collected from 2006 to 2015, the average total nitrogen removal efficiency of 94% was achieved for wastewaters with a C: N ratio varying from 1 to 5 kg-COD kg-TN-1. But without the presence of activated carbon reactor, the average of biological removal efficiency for total nitrogen was only 82% ± 6% for the activated sludge stage. It means that up to 20% of the nitrogen in the influent can only be eliminated by microorganisms attached to granular activated carbon. After upgrades of the plant, the energy efficiency showed a reduction in the specific energy demand from 1.6 to less than 0.2 kWh m-3. Methanol consumption and sludge production was reduced by 91% and 96%, respectively. Fluorescent in situ Hybridization was used for microbial diversity analysis on floccular sludge and granular biofilm samples. Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) bacteria and nitrifiers were detected and Candidatus Scalindua was found in two forms of flocs and biofilms. Due to stochastic risk assessment based on the long-term data analysis given in this research, the treatment criteria were achieved and the combination of granular activated carbon biofilm process and activated sludge can be a novel and sought approach to better enrich anammox biomass for full-scale treatment applications to reduce operating costs and promote nutrient removal stability and efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Azari
- Department of Urban Water- and Waste Management, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 15, 45141, Essen, Germany.
| | - Uwe Walter
- LAMBDA Gesellschaft für Gastechnik mbH, Hertener Mark 3, 45699, Herten, Germany
| | - Volker Rekers
- LAMBDA Gesellschaft für Gastechnik mbH, Hertener Mark 3, 45699, Herten, Germany
| | - Ji-Dong Gu
- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology and Toxicology, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Martin Denecke
- Department of Urban Water- and Waste Management, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 15, 45141, Essen, Germany
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Li M, Gu JD. The diversity and distribution of anammox bacteria in the marine aquaculture zones. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:8943-53. [PMID: 27368740 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7690-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of toxic inorganic nitrogen is one of the major water quality problems in intensive aquaculture systems, thus the N removal in aquaculture systems is an important issue for the sustainable development of aquaculture. To understand one of the major microbial N removal processes, anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox), phylogenetic diversity, and distribution of anammox bacteria in sediments of four different marine aquaculture zones in Hong Kong (HK) were investigated. The 16S rRNA genes analysis indicated that sequences detected from Cheung Sha Wan (CSW) and Sok Kwu Wan (SKW) were closely related to several clusters within the Scalindua genus of anammox bacteria, including a new habitat-specific group, while only several sequences related to Scalindua and Kuenenia were detected in Sham Wan (SW) and Yim Tin Tsai East (YTTE). Most of the sequences obtained in SW and YTTE with the same PCR primers showed a low similarity to the known anammox bacteria, forming several novel groups within the Planctomycetes. However, results from the hydrazine oxidoreductase (HZO) encoding gene showed that only sequences from SW were related to the genus of Kuenenia, and sequences from other three sites were closely related to the genus of Scalindua. The community analysis showed that CSW and SKW share similar anammox bacterial community structures while SW and YTTE contain a unique anammox bacterial community. Furthermore, correlations reflect that organic matter is positively correlated with Kuenenia-like anammox bacteria, while the redox potential is significantly correlated with Scalindua-like anammox bacteria in marine aquaculture zones. Our results extend the knowledge of anammox bacteria in marine aquaculture systems and highlight the importance of environmental factors in shaping the community structures of anammox bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Li
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ji-Dong Gu
- Laboratory of Environmental microbiology and Toxicology, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
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Zhang FQ, Pan W, Gu JD, Xu B, Zhang WH, Zhu BZ, Wang YX, Wang YF. Dominance of ammonia-oxidizing archaea community induced by land use change from Masson pine to eucalypt plantation in subtropical China. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:6859-6869. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7506-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/25/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Gan XH, Zhang FQ, Gu JD, Guo YD, Li ZQ, Zhang WQ, Xu XY, Zhou Y, Wen XY, Xie GG, Wang YF. Differential distribution patterns of ammonia-oxidizing archaea and bacteria in acidic soils of Nanling National Nature Reserve forests in subtropical China. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2015; 109:237-51. [DOI: 10.1007/s10482-015-0627-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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