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He Q, Qin H, Yang L, Tan W, Ji D, Zhang J, Zhang X. N 2O emission in temperate seagrass meadows: Fluxes, pathway and molecular mechanism. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 198:106542. [PMID: 38788475 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Seagrass meadows act as filters for nitrogen in coastal areas, but whether they are a source or sink for N2O has been still controversy. Additionally, the production pathways of N2O as well as the microbial driving mechanism in seagrass meadows are seldom reported. In this study, the air-sea fluxes, sediment release potential, and production pathway of N2O in a temperate Zostera marina and Z. japonica mixed meadow were investigated by using gas chromatography and 15N isotopic tracing methods. The qPCR and metagenome sequencing were used to compare the difference in functional gene abundance and expression between seagrass vegetated and non-grass sediments. The results showed that the N2O air-sea fluxes in the meadow ranged from -1.97 to -1.77 nmol m⁻2 h⁻1, which was slightly lower in the seagrass region than in the adjacent bare region. Seagrass sediment N2O release potential dramatically increased after warming and nitrogen enrichment treatments. Heterotrophic nitrification was firstly investigated in seagrass meadows, and the process (26.80%-62.41%) and denitrification (37.55%-72.83%) contributed significantly to N2O production in the meadow, affected deeply by sediment organic content, while the contribution of autotrophic nitrification can be neglected. Compared with the bare sediments, the ammonia monooxygenase genes amoA, amoB and amoC, and nitrite oxidoreductase genes nxrA and nxrB, as well as nitrite reductase gene nirS and nitric oxide reductase gene norB were down-regulated, while the nitrous oxide reductase gene nosZ was up-regulated in the seagrass sediments, explaining less N2O emission in seagrass regions from the perspective of molecular. The nosZII-bearing bacteria like Bacteroidia, Polyangia, Anaerolineae, and Verrucomicrobiae could play important roles in N2O reduction in the seagrass meadow. The result is of great significance for highlighting the ability of seagrass meadows to mitigate climate changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianling He
- School of Ocean, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Huawei Qin
- Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai, 264006, China
| | - Lin Yang
- School of Ocean, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Wenwen Tan
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Daode Ji
- School of Ocean, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Jianbai Zhang
- Yantai Marine Economic Research Institute, Yantai, 264000, China.
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, China.
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Leibrock LB, Hofmann DM, Fuchs B, Birt A, Reinholz M, Guertler A, Frank K, Giunta RE, Egaña JT, Nickelsen J, Schenck TL, Moellhoff N. In vitro and in vivo detection of microbial gene expression in bioactivated scaffolds seeded with cyanobacteria. Lett Appl Microbiol 2022; 75:401-409. [PMID: 35587396 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Dermal replacement materials bioactivated with cyanobacteria have shown promising potential for wound regeneration. To date, extraction of cyanobacteria RNA from seeded scaffolds has not been described. Aim of this study was to develop a method to isolate total RNA from bioactivated scaffolds and to propose a new approach in determining living bacteria based on real-time PCR. Transgenic synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 (tSyn7002) were seeded in liquid cultures or in scaffolds for dermal regeneration in vitro and in vivo for 7 days. RNA was extracted with a 260/280 ratio of ≥ 2. The small subunit of the 30S ribosome in prokaryotes (16S) and RNAse P protein (rnpA) were validated as reference transcripts for PCR analysis. Gene expression patterns differed in vitro and in vivo. Expression of 16S was significantly upregulated in scaffolds in vitro, as compared to liquid cultures, while rnpA expression was comparable. In vivo, both 16S and rnpA showed reduced expression compared to in vitro (16S: in vivo Ct value 13.21±0.32, in vitro 12.44±0.42; rnpA in vivo Ct value 19.87±0.41, in vitro 17.75±1.41). Overall, the results demonstrate rnpA and 16S expression after 7 days of implantation in vitro and in vivo, proving presence of living bacteria embedded in scaffolds using qPCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars B Leibrock
- Division of Hand, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel M Hofmann
- Division of Hand, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Benedikt Fuchs
- Division of Hand, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Alexandra Birt
- Division of Hand, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Reinholz
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital of Munich, LMU, Germany
| | - Anne Guertler
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital of Munich, LMU, Germany
| | - Konstantin Frank
- Division of Hand, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Riccardo E Giunta
- Division of Hand, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - José T Egaña
- Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Schools of Engineering, Biological Sciences and Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Joerg Nickelsen
- Molecular Plant Science, Department Biology I, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Thilo L Schenck
- Division of Hand, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany.,Frauenklinik Dr. Geisenhofer GmbH, 80538, Munich, Germany
| | - Nicholas Moellhoff
- Division of Hand, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
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