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Qin Y, Wei Q, Chen R, Jiang Z, Qiu Y, Jiang Y, Li L. Roles of red mud-based biochar carriers in the recovery of anammox activity: characteristics and mechanisms. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:20488-20498. [PMID: 38376779 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32263-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) sludge is easily deactivated in the process of treating ammonia-laden wastewater. To investigate an effective recovery method, red mud-based biochar carriers (RMBC) were prepared and added to a deactivated anammox reactor; the operation of this reactor had been interrupted for 6 months with starvation and low temperature. The deactivated sludge with added RMBC was recovered rapidly after 31 days, with the specific anammox activity rapidly increasing to 0.84 g N/(g VSS∙day), and the recovery efficiency of nitrogen removal rate increased by four times compared to the unadded control. The granulation degree and extracellular polymeric substances secretion of the anammox sludge with the added RMBC were significantly higher than that of the control group. In addition, a large number of spherical anammox bacteria were observed moored at the porous channels of RMBC, and the copy numbers of functional genes of anammox bacteria were approximately twice that of the control group. Hence, RMBC is a potential sludge activator, and it can provide a "house" to protect anammox bacteria, enhance the metabolic activity and the agglomerative growth of anammox bacteria, and synergistically achieve rapid recovery of deactivated anammox sludge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongli Qin
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Qiaoyan Wei
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Ruihong Chen
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Zhicheng Jiang
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Yuchen Qiu
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Yongrong Jiang
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, China.
| | - Li Li
- School of Electronic Engineering and Automation, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
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Ponce-Jahen SJ, Cercado B, Estrada-Arriaga EB, Rangel-Mendez JR, Cervantes FJ. Anammox with alternative electron acceptors: perspectives for nitrogen removal from wastewaters. Biodegradation 2024; 35:47-70. [PMID: 37436663 PMCID: PMC10774155 DOI: 10.1007/s10532-023-10044-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
In the context of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation process (anammox), great scientific advances have been made over the past two decades, making anammox a consolidated technology widely used worldwide for nitrogen removal from wastewaters. This review provides a detailed and comprehensive description of the anammox process, the microorganisms involved and their metabolism. In addition, recent research on the application of the anammox process with alternative electron acceptors is described, highlighting the biochemical reactions involved, its advantages and potential applications for specific wastewaters. An updated description is also given of studies reporting the ability of microorganisms to couple the anammox process to extracellular electron transfer to insoluble electron acceptors; particularly iron, carbon-based materials and electrodes in bioelectrochemical systems (BES). The latter, also referred to as anodic anammox, is a promising strategy to combine the ammonium removal from wastewater with bioelectricity production, which is discussed here in terms of its efficiency, economic feasibility, and energetic aspects. Therefore, the information provided in this review is relevant for future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio J Ponce-Jahen
- Laboratory for Research on Advanced Processes for Water Treatment, Engineering Institute, Campus Juriquilla, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Blvd. Juriquilla 3001, 76230, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Bibiana Cercado
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico en Electroquímica S.C., Parque Tecnológico Querétaro Sanfandila, Querétaro, 76703, Pedro Escobedo, Mexico
| | - Edson Baltazar Estrada-Arriaga
- Subcoordinación de Tratamiento de Aguas Residuales, Instituto Mexicano de Tecnología del Agua, Paseo Cuauhnáhuac 8532, Progreso, C.P. 62550, Morelos, Mexico
| | - J Rene Rangel-Mendez
- División de Ciencias Ambientales, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (IPICyT), Camino a la Presa San José 2055, Col. Lomas 4ª Sección, SLP78216, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Francisco J Cervantes
- Laboratory for Research on Advanced Processes for Water Treatment, Engineering Institute, Campus Juriquilla, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Blvd. Juriquilla 3001, 76230, Querétaro, Mexico.
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Mills S, Trego AC, Prevedello M, De Vrieze J, O’Flaherty V, Lens PN, Collins G. Unifying concepts in methanogenic, aerobic, and anammox sludge granulation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ECOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 17:100310. [PMID: 37705860 PMCID: PMC10495608 DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2023.100310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
The retention of dense and well-functioning microbial biomass is crucial for effective pollutant removal in several biological wastewater treatment technologies. High solids retention is often achieved through aggregation of microbial communities into dense, spherical aggregates known as granules, which were initially discovered in the 1980s. These granules have since been widely applied in upflow anaerobic digesters for waste-to-energy conversions. Furthermore, granular biomass has been applied in aerobic wastewater treatment and anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) technologies. The mechanisms underpinning the formation of methanogenic, aerobic, and anammox granules are the subject of ongoing research. Although each granule type has been extensively studied in isolation, there has been a lack of comparative studies among these granulation processes. It is likely that there are some unifying concepts that are shared by all three sludge types. Identifying these unifying concepts could allow a unified theory of granulation to be formed. Here, we review the granulation mechanisms of methanogenic, aerobic, and anammox granular sludge, highlighting several common concepts, such as the role of extracellular polymeric substances, cations, and operational parameters like upflow velocity and shear force. We have then identified some unique features of each granule type, such as different internal structures, microbial compositions, and quorum sensing systems. Finally, we propose that future research should prioritize aspects of microbial ecology, such as community assembly or interspecies interactions in individual granules during their formation and growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Mills
- Microbial Communities Laboratory, School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Anna Christine Trego
- Microbial Ecology Laboratory School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of Galway, University Road, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Marco Prevedello
- Microbial Communities Laboratory, School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Jo De Vrieze
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000, Gent, Belgium
| | - Vincent O’Flaherty
- Microbial Ecology Laboratory School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of Galway, University Road, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Piet N.L. Lens
- University of Galway, University Road, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Gavin Collins
- Microbial Communities Laboratory, School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
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Wu T, Ding J, Zhong L, Sun HJ, Pang JW, Zhao L, Bai SW, Ren NQ, Yang SS. Sulfate-reducing ammonium oxidation: A promising novel process for nitrogen and sulfur removal. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 893:164997. [PMID: 37336410 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Sulfate-reducing ammonium oxidation (sulfammox), a novel and promising process that has emerged in recent years, is essential to nitrogen and sulfur cycles and offers significant potential for the elimination of ammonium and sulfate. This review discussed the development of sulfammox process, the mechanism, characteristics of microbes, potential influencing factors, applicable bioreactors, and proposed the research needs and future perspective. The sulfammox process could be affected by many factors, such as the NH4+/SO42- ratio, carbon source, pH, and temperature. However, these potential influencing factors were only obtained based on what has been seen in papers studying related processes such as denitrification, sulfate-reduction, etc., and have to be further tested in bioreactors carrying out the sulfammox process in the future. Currently, sulfammox is predominantly used in granular activated carbon anaerobic fluidized beds, up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket reactors, anaerobic expanded granular bed reactors, rotating biological contact reactors, and moving bed biofilm reactors. In the future, the operating parameters of sulfammox should be further optimized to improve the processing performance, and the system can be further scaled up for actual wastewater treatment. In addition, the isolation, identification, and characterization of key functional microbes and the analysis of microbial interrelationships will also be focused on in future studies to enable an in-depth analysis of the sulfammox mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Jie Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Le Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Han-Jun Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Ji-Wei Pang
- China Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection Group, CECEP Talroad Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100096, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Shun-Wen Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Nan-Qi Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Shan-Shan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
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Derwis D, Majtacz J, Kowal P, Al-Hazmi HE, Zhai J, Ciesielski S, Piechota G, Mąkinia J. Integration of the sulfate reduction and anammox processes for enhancing sustainable nitrogen removal in granular sludge reactors. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023:129264. [PMID: 37271463 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The Anammox and Sulfate Reduction Ammonium Oxidation processes were compared in two granular sequencing batch reactors operated for 160 days under anammox conditions. It was hypothesized that increasing the concentration of SO42- may positively influence the rate of N removal under anaerobic conditions and it was tested whether SO42- reduction and anammox occur independently or are related to each other. The cooperation of N-S cycles by increasing the concentration of influent SO42- to 952 mg S/L in the second reactor, a higher ammonium utilization rate and sulfate utilization rate was achieved compared to the first reactor, i.e., 2.1-fold and 15-fold, respectively. Nitrosomonas played the dominant role in the N metabolism, while Thauera - in the S metabolism. This study highlights the benefits of linking the N-S cycles as an effective approach for the treatment of NH4+ and SO42- - rich wastewater, including lower substrate removal cost and reduced energy consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Derwis
- Department of Sanitary Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza Street, Gdańsk 80-233, Poland
| | - Joanna Majtacz
- Department of Sanitary Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza Street, Gdańsk 80-233, Poland
| | - Przemysław Kowal
- Department of Sanitary Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza Street, Gdańsk 80-233, Poland
| | - Hussein E Al-Hazmi
- Department of Sanitary Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza Street, Gdańsk 80-233, Poland
| | - Jun Zhai
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Sławomir Ciesielski
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Faculty of Geoengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Słoneczna 45G, Olsztyn 10-719, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Piechota
- GPCHEM. Laboratory of Biogas Research and Analysis, ul. Legionów 40a/3, Toruń 87-100, Poland.
| | - Jacek Mąkinia
- Department of Sanitary Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza Street, Gdańsk 80-233, Poland
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Li L, Peng C, Yang Z, He Y, Liang M, Cao H, Qiu Q, Song J, Su Y, Gong B. Microbial communities in swamps of four mangrove reserves driven by interactions between physicochemical properties and microbe in the North Beibu Gulf, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:37582-37597. [PMID: 35066825 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-18134-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Mangroves are distributed in coastal and estuarine regions and are characterized as a sink for terrestrial pollution. It is believed that complex interactions between environmental factors and microbial communities exist in mangrove swamps. However, little is known about environment-microbe interactions. There is a need to clarify some important environmental factors shaping microbial communities and how environmental factors interact with microbial assemblages in mangrove swamps. In the present study, physicochemical and microbial characteristics in four mangrove reserves (named ZZW, Qin, Bei, and GQ) in the North Beibu Gulf were determined. The interactions between environmental factors and microbial assemblages were analyzed with statistical methods in addition to CCA and RDA. Higher concentrations of sulfate (SO42--S) and Fe but lower concentrations of total phosphorus (TP) and NO3--N were detected in ZZW and Qin. Nutrient elements (NO3--N, NH4+-N, organic matter (OM), SO42--S, Fe, and TP) were more important than heavy metals for determining the microbial assemblages, and NO3--N was the most important factor. NO3--N, SO42--S, TP, and Fe formed a significant co-occurrence network in conjunction with some bacterial taxa, most of which were Proteobacteria. Notably, comparatively elevated amounts of sulfate-reducing bacteria (Desulfatibacillum, Desulfomonile, and Desulfatiglans) and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (Thioprofundum and Thiohalophilus) were found in ZZW and Qin. The co-occurrence network suggested that some bacteria involved in sulfate reduction and sulfur oxidation drive the transformation of P and N, resulting in the reduction of P and N in mangrove swamps. Through the additional utilization of multivariate regression tree (MRT) and co-occurrence network analysis, our research provides a new perspective for understanding the interactions between environmental factors and microbial communities in mangroves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Li
- The Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, College of Marine Sciences, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, 535011, China
| | - Chunyan Peng
- The Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, College of Marine Sciences, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, 535011, China
| | - Zicong Yang
- The Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, College of Marine Sciences, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, 535011, China
| | - Yu He
- The Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, College of Marine Sciences, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, 535011, China
| | - Meng Liang
- The Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, College of Marine Sciences, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, 535011, China
| | - Hongmin Cao
- The Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, College of Marine Sciences, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, 535011, China
| | - Qinghua Qiu
- The Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, College of Marine Sciences, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, 535011, China
| | - Jingjing Song
- The Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, College of Marine Sciences, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, 535011, China.
| | - Youlu Su
- Innovative Institute of Animal Healthy Breeding, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China.
| | - Bin Gong
- The Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, College of Marine Sciences, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, 535011, China.
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Chen X, Wei H, Zhang J. Nitrogen and Sulfur Additions Improved the Diversity of nirK- and nirS-Type Denitrifying Bacterial Communities of Farmland Soil. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10111191. [PMID: 34827184 PMCID: PMC8615190 DOI: 10.3390/biology10111191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) deposition can change above- and belowground biodiversity, including soil microbial diversity. The diversity of denitrifying microorganisms is of great significance to the calculation of the global nitrogen cycle and nitrogen flux. For a long time, nirK and nirS have been used as the functional genes to study denitrifying microorganisms, and have gradually become molecular markers for studying the composition and diversity of denitrifying bacteria. Here, three-time exposures to N and S applications (7, 30, and 60 days), were independently established. Additionally, the abundance, diversity, and structure of nirK- and nirS-type denitrifying communities were examined by sequencing analyses in response to three treatments, namely, N and S (TN/S), sodium chloride (TNaCl) and deionized water (pH = 7.0) (CK). Our results suggest that TN/S led to higher electrical conductivity (EC), total nitrogen (TN), total organic carbon (TOC), nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N), ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N), and lower pH compared with TNaCl and CK, which affected the diversity of nirK- and nirS-type denitrifying bacterial communities. We also observed that the nirK-type denitrifying community demonstrated a higher sensitivity to N and S additions. Overall, our results are important for the understanding of nitrogen in soil and N2O emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Chen
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (X.C.); (H.W.)
| | - Hui Wei
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (X.C.); (H.W.)
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-Agriculture and Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jiaen Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (X.C.); (H.W.)
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-Agriculture and Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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