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Luo Y, Wang Z, Zhang ZL, Zhang JQ, Zeng QP, Tian D, Li C, Huang FY, Chen S, Chen L. Contamination characteristics and source analysis of potentially toxic elements in dustfall-soil-crop systems near non-ferrous mining areas of Yunnan, southwestern China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 882:163575. [PMID: 37075998 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in the dustfall-soil-crop system pose a serious threat to the ecological environment and agricultural production. However, there is still a knowledge gap in terms of better understanding the distinctive sources of PTEs by integrating various models and technologies. In this study, we comprehensively investigated the concentrations, distribution, and sources of seven PTEs in a dustfall-soil-crop system (424 samples in total) near a typical non-ferrous mining area, using absolute principal component score/multiple linear regression (APCS/MLR) combined with X-ray diffraction (XRD) and microscopy techniques. Our results showed that the mean values of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn in the soils were 211, 14, 105, 91, 65, 232, and 325 mg/kg, respectively. These values were significantly higher than the background soil values in Yunnan. Except for Ni and Cr, all elements in the soil were significantly higher than the screening values of agricultural lands in China. The spatial distribution of PTE concentrations was similar among the three media. The ACPS/MLR, XRD, and microscopy analyses further indicated that soil PTEs mainly originated from industrial activities (37 %), vehicle emissions and agricultural activities (29 %), respectively. Dustfall PTEs mainly originated from vehicle emissions and industrial activities, accounting for 40 % and 37 %, respectively. Crop PTEs mainly originated from vehicle emissions and soil (57 %), and agricultural activities (11 %), respectively. PTEs seriously threaten the safety of agricultural products and the ecological environment once they settle from the atmosphere to soil and crop leaves, further accumulate in crops, and spread through the food chain. Therefore, our study provides scientific evidence for government regulators to control PTE pollution and reduce their environmental risks in dustfall-soil-crop systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Luo
- College of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science & Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- College of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science & Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, China.
| | - Zhen-Long Zhang
- College of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science & Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, China
| | - Jia-Qian Zhang
- College of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science & Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, China
| | - Qiu-Ping Zeng
- College of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science & Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, China
| | - Duan Tian
- College of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science & Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, China
| | - Chao Li
- College of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science & Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, China
| | - Feng-Yu Huang
- School of Environment and Resources, Xichang University, Xichang, Sichuan 615000, China
| | - Shu Chen
- College of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science & Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, China
| | - Li Chen
- College of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science & Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, China; College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
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Guo G, Li K, Zhang D, Lei M. Quantitative source apportionment and associated driving factor identification for soil potential toxicity elements via combining receptor models, SOM, and geo-detector method. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 830:154721. [PMID: 35341851 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Quantitative source apportionment of soil potential toxicity elements (PTEs) and associated driving factor identification are critical for prevention and control of soil PTEs. In this study, 421 soil samples from a typical area in southeastern Yunnan Province of China were collected to evaluate the pollution level of soil PTE using pollution factors, pollution load index, and enrichment factors. Positive matrix factorization (PMF), absolute principal component score/multiple line regression (APCS/MLR), edge analysis (UNMIX) and self-organizing map (SOM) were applied for source apportionment of soil PTEs. The geo-detector method (GDM) was used to identify the driving factor to PTE pollution sources, which assisted in source interpretation derived from receptor models. The results showed that the geometric mean of As, Cd, Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb, and Zn were 94.94, 1.02, 108.6, 75.40, 57.14, 160.2, and 200.3 mg/kg, which were significantly higher than their corresponding background values (P < 0.00). Particularly, As and Cd were 8.71 and 12.75 times higher than their corresponding background values, respectively. SOM yielded four clusters of soil PTEs: AsCd, PbZn, CrNi, and Cu. APCS/MLR was regarded as the preferred receptor model for source apportionment of soil PTEs due to its optimal performance. The results of ACPS/MLR revealed that 36.64% of Pb and 38.30% of Zn were related to traffic emissions, Cr (92.64%) and Ni (82.51%) to natural sources, As (85.83%) and Cd (87.04%) to industrial discharge, and Cu (42.78%) to agricultural activities. Distance to road, lithology, distance to industries, and land utilization were the respective major driving factor influencing these four sources, with the q values of 0.1213, 0.1032, 0.2295 and 0.1137, respectively. Additionally, GDM revealed that nonlinear interactions between anthropogenic and natural factors influencing PTEs sources. Based on these results, comprehensive prevention and control strategies should be considered for pollution prevention and risk controlling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghui Guo
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Kai Li
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Degang Zhang
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mei Lei
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Stein M, Georgiadis A, Ingwersen J, Rennert T. Does silica addition affect translocation and leaching of cadmium and copper in soil? ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 288:117738. [PMID: 34256290 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Soil and groundwater contamination with potentially toxic elements (PTEs) including cadmium (Cd) and copper (Cu) has become a serious problem for ecosystem functioning. Silicon (Si) may precipitate these metals as silicates, and may also form, at undersaturation of silicates, 'Si-contaminant compounds', i.e. particles of polymerized silica with PTEs incorporated or adsorbed by inner-sphere complexes. While the formation of these compounds in aqueous solution has been proven, their formation in soil remains unclear yet. Therefore, we conducted column experiments with a topsoil horizon artificially contaminated with Cd or Cu solutions (10 mM) in the presence (10 mM) and absence of monomeric Si, and monitored the elemental composition of the eluates during 12 irrigation steps with artificial rainwater by microwave-plasma atomic emission spectrometry, the size and charge of the particles eluted by dynamic light scattering and phase analysis light scattering, and determined the spatial distribution of total and exchangeable Cd and Cu in soil after the experiments. When Si was previously applied to soil, significantly larger particles (up to > 200 nm) in the eluates indicated Si polymerization and formation of Si-contaminant compounds. However, Cd and Cu concentrations were very low (<0.4 μM), pointing to efficient retardation in soil. In any variant, the particles formed were slightly negatively charged (-11 mV). The molar metal:Si ratios in the eluates and significant correlations between the amounts of Si and metals in soil extracted by NH4NO3 pointed to the formation of Si-contaminant compounds, too. More Cu than Cd was retained in soil, and significantly more in the presence of Si, but less Cu than Cd was in exchangeable form. While particularly Cu formed Si-contaminant compounds, which reduced the concentration of Cu ions, the Si-contaminant-compound particles in the eluates remained very small, thus potentially susceptible to particulate export from soil into the groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Stein
- Fachgebiet Bodenchemie mit Pedologie, Institut für Bodenkunde und Standortslehre, Universität Hohenheim, 70593, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Anna Georgiadis
- Fachgebiet Bodenchemie mit Pedologie, Institut für Bodenkunde und Standortslehre, Universität Hohenheim, 70593, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Joachim Ingwersen
- Fachgebiet Biogeophysik, Institut für Bodenkunde und Standortslehre, Universität Hohenheim, 70593, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Thilo Rennert
- Fachgebiet Bodenchemie mit Pedologie, Institut für Bodenkunde und Standortslehre, Universität Hohenheim, 70593, Stuttgart, Germany.
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Experimental and modeling studies of competitive Pb (II) and Cd (II) bioaccumulation by Aspergillus niger. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:6477-6488. [PMID: 34424384 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11497-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Co-existence of toxic metals causes complex toxicity to microorganisms during bioremediation in water and soil. This study investigated the immobilization of Pb2+ and Cd2+ by fungus Aspergillus niger, which has been widely applied to environmental remediation. Five treatments were set, i.e., CK (no toxic metals), Pb2+ only, Cd2+ only, Pb2+/Cd2+ = 1:1(molar ratio), and Pb2+/Cd2+ = 2:1. Cadmium induced strong toxicity to the fungus, and maintained the high toxicity during incubation. However, as Pb/Cd ratio increased from 0 to 2, the removal rates of Cd2+ by A. niger were raised from 30 to 50%. The elevated activities of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) and citrate synthetase (CS) enzymes confirmed that Pb addition could stimulate the growth of A. niger. For instance, citric acid concentrations and CS activities were 463.22 mg/L and 78.37 nmol/min/g, respectively, during 3-day incubation as Pb/Cd = 1. However, these two values were as low as ~ 50 with addition of only Cd. It was hence assumed that appropriate co-existence of Pb2+ enhanced microbial activity by promoting TCA cycle of the fungus. Moreover, the SEM analysis and geochemical modeling demonstrated that Pb2+ cations were more easily adsorbed and mineralized on A. niger with respect to Cd2+. Therefore, instead of intensifying metal toxicity, the addition of appropriate Pb actually weakened Cd toxicity to the fungus. This study sheds a bright future on application of A. niger to the remediation of polluted water with co-existence of Pb and Cd. KEY POINTS: • Cd2+ significantly inhibited P consumption, suggesting its high toxicity to A. niger. • Pb2+ stimulated the growth of A. niger by promoting TCA cycle in the cells. • Cd2+ removal by A. niger were improved with co-existence of Pb2+.
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Baraud F, Zaiter A, Porée S, Leleyter L. New approach for determination of Cd, Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb, and Zn in sewage sludges, fired brick, and sediments using two analytical methods by microwave-induced plasma optical spectrometry and induced coupled plasma optical spectrometry. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-020-03220-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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6
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Zhou W, Zhang J, Zou M, Liu X, Du X, Wang Q, Liu Y, Liu Y, Li J. Feasibility of Using Rice Leaves Hyperspectral Data to Estimate CaCl 2-extractable Concentrations of Heavy Metals in Agricultural Soil. Sci Rep 2019; 9:16084. [PMID: 31695089 PMCID: PMC6834560 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52503-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Heavy metals contamination is a serious problem of China. It is necessary to estimate bioavailability concentrations of heavy metals in agricultural soil for keeping the food security and human health. This study aimed to use hyperspectral data of rice (Oryza sativa) leaves as an indicator to retrieve the CaCl2-extractable concentrations of heavy metals in agricultural soil. Twenty-one rice samples, soil samples and reflectance spectra of rice leaves were collected, respectively. The potential relations between hyperspectral data and CaCl2-extractable heavy metals (E-HM) were explored. The partial least-squares regression (PLSR) method with leave-one-out cross-validation has been used to predict concentrations of CaCl2-extractable cadmium (E-Cd) and concentrations of CaCl2-extractable lead (E-Pb) in farmland soil. The results showed that the concentrations of E-Cd in soil had significant correlation with concentrations of Cd in rice leaves; the number of bands associated with E-Cd was more than that of E-Pb. Four indices (normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), carotenoid reflectance index (CRI), photochemical reflectance index 2 (PRI2), normalized pigments chlorophyll ratio index (NPCI)) were significant (P < 0.05) and negatively related to the E-Cd concentrations. The PLSR model of E-Cd concentrations performed better than the PLSR model of E-Pb concentrations, which with R2 = 0.592 and RMSE = 0.046. We conclude that if the rice was sensitive to E-HM and/or the crop was stressed by the E-HM, the hyperspectral data of field rice leaves hold potentials in estimating concentration of E-HM in farmland soil. Therefore, this method provides a new insight to monitoring the E-HM content in agricultural soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihong Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.,Suzhou Institute of Technology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhangjiagang, 215600, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Mengmeng Zou
- School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Xiaolong Du
- School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Qian Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Yangyang Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Jianlong Li
- School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
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7
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Qu C, Chen W, Hu X, Cai P, Chen C, Yu XY, Huang Q. Heavy metal behaviour at mineral-organo interfaces: Mechanisms, modelling and influence factors. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 131:104995. [PMID: 31326822 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.104995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The mineral-organo composites control the speciation, mobility and bioavailability of heavy metals in soils and sediments by surface adsorption and precipitation. The dynamic changes of soil mineral, organic matter and their associations under redox, aging and microbial activities further complicate the fate of heavy metals. Over the past decades, the wide application of advanced instrumental techniques and modelling has largely extended our understanding on heavy metal behavior within mineral-organo assemblages. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary of recent progress on heavy metal immobilization by mineral-humic and mineral-microbial composites, with a special focus on the interfacial reaction mechanisms of heavy metal adsorption. The impacts of redox and aging conditions on heavy metal speciations and associations with mineral-organo complexes are discussed. The modelling of heavy metals adsorption and desorption onto synthetic mineral-organo composites and natural soils and sediments are also critically reviewed. Future challenges and prospects in the mineral-organo interface are outlined. More in-depth investigations are warranted, especially on the function and contribution of microorganisms in the immobilization of heavy metals at the complex mineral-organo interface. It has become imperative to use the state-of-the-art methodologies to characterize the interface and develop in situ analytical techniques in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Wenli Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Xiping Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Peng Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chengrong Chen
- School of Environment and Sciences, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Xiao-Ying Yu
- Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, United States
| | - Qiaoyun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Jiang Z, Jiang L, Zhang L, Su M, Tian D, Wang T, Sun Y, Nong Y, Hu S, Wang S, Li Z. Contrasting the Pb (II) and Cd (II) tolerance of Enterobacter sp. via its cellular stress responses. Environ Microbiol 2019; 22:1507-1516. [PMID: 31215728 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.14719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Successful application of microorganisms to heavy metal remediation depends on their resistance to toxic metals. This study contrasted the differences of tolerant mechanisms between Pb2+ and Cd2+ in Enterobacter sp. Microbial respiration and production of formic acid showed that Enterobacter sp. had a higher tolerant concentration of Pb (>1000 mg l-1 ) than Cd (about 200 mg l-1 ). Additionally, SEM confirmed that most of Pb and Cd nanoparticles (NPs) were adsorbed onto cell membrane. The Cd stress, even at low concentration (50 mg l-1 ), significantly enlarged the sizes of cells. The cellular size raised from 0.4 × 1.0 to 0.9 × 1.6 μm on average, inducing a platelet-like shape. In contrast, Pb cations did not stimulate such enlargement even up to 1000 mg l-1 . Moreover, Cd NPs were adsorbed homogeneously by almost all the bacterial cells under TEM. However, only a few cells work as 'hot spots' on the sorption of Pb NPs. The heterogeneous sorption might result from a 'self-sacrifice' mechanism, i.e., some cells at a special life stage contributed mostly to Pb sorption. This mechanism, together with the lower mobility of Pb cations, caused higher microbial tolerance and removal efficiency towards Pb2+ . This study sheds evident contrasts of bacterial resistance to the two most common heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongquan Jiang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Liu Jiang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China.,Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Mu Su
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Da Tian
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Tong Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Yalin Sun
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Ying Nong
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Shuijin Hu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China.,Department of Entomology & Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Shimei Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China.,Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhen Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China.,Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
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Ren H, Zhou Q, He J, Hou Y, Jiang Y, Rodrigues JLM, Cobb AB, Wilson GWT, Hu J, Zhang Y. Determining landscape-level drivers of variability for over fifty soil chemical elements. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 657:279-286. [PMID: 30543977 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Syntheses of large datasets have allowed increased clarity of distribution patterns and variation in soil major and trace elements. However, the drivers of variation in topsoil elements across biogeographical scales are not well understood. Our aim was to (1) identify how landscape-scale climate, geographical features, and edaphic factors influence soil elements, and (2) determine key environmental thresholds for shifts in soil element concentration. We analyzed patterns of variation in topsoil elements using 9830 samples collected across 39,000km2 in subtropical land in southeast China. Canonical correlations and multiple linear regressions were used to model variations of each element across mean annual temperature (MAT), mean annual precipitation (MAP), land use, spatial topography, and soil pH. Element concentrations show significant latitudinal and longitudinal trends, and are significantly influenced by climate, land use, spatial topography, and soil pH. Longitude, pH, MAT, and MAP were the environmental factors most tightly correlated with element concentrations. Climate and soil pH drove positive or negative alterations in soil elements, with threshold indicators of MAP=1000mm/1500mm, MAT=17.8°C/18.0°C, and pH=5.8/5.0, respectively. Our results indicate topsoil elements have structural and functional thresholds of climate and soil pH in relatively wet and acidic environments. Our findings can facilitate holistic soil element concentration predictions and help elucidate the specific influences of climate and soil pH, enabling development of more complete biogeochemical models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Ren
- College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Quanping Zhou
- Nanjing Institute Geological & Mineral Resources, Nanjing 210016, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianbo He
- Soybean Research Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ying Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yuehua Jiang
- Nanjing Institute Geological & Mineral Resources, Nanjing 210016, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jorge L M Rodrigues
- Department of Land, Air and Water Resources, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Adam B Cobb
- Natural Resource Ecology and Management, Oklahoma State University, 008C Ag Hall, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Gail W T Wilson
- Natural Resource Ecology and Management, Oklahoma State University, 008C Ag Hall, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Jian Hu
- College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yingjun Zhang
- College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Department of Grassland Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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10
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Zhu B, Liao Q, Zhao X, Gu X, Gu C. A multi-surface model to predict Cd phytoavailability to wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 630:1374-1380. [PMID: 29554757 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The prediction of metal bioavailability in soils is critical to metal risk assessments and the amount of dissolved metal in soils is a key factor determining bioavailability. Because the recently developed geochemical multi-surface models (MSMs) offer a promising tool for the determination of metal partitioning in soils, in this study, a MSM based on generic parameters was used to assess the bioavailability of Cd in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) growing in 12 soils with a wide range of properties. The amount of MSM-calculated dissolved Cd correlated strongly with the amount of Cd uptake by wheat (R2=0.873 for roots and R2=0.837 for shoots), and the model's performance was better than that of chemical extraction methods (0.01M CaCl2, 0.43M HNO3 and soil total Cd). The reactive fraction of soil organic matter, the soil/solution ratio, and the inclusion/exclusion of background cations influenced the calculation results. The best calculation condition was optimized. The application of the MSM was also examined in 84 wheat-soil samples from the field. The amount of Cd in wheat seeds had a stronger correlation with the amount of MSM-predicted Cd than with the amount of Cd obtained using chemical extraction methods. Our results suggested that MSM-calculated Cd is an effective indicator of the bioavailability of Cd in soils and demonstrated the utility of the method as a tool to assess the risk of Cd contamination in soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bojing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Xianlin Ave. 163, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Qilin Liao
- Geological Survey of Jiangsu Province, Zhujiang Rd. 700, 210002, PR China
| | - Xiaopeng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Xianlin Ave. 163, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Xueyuan Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Xianlin Ave. 163, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| | - Cheng Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Xianlin Ave. 163, Nanjing 210023, PR China
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