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Kamarudin MKA, Toriman ME, Abd Wahab N, Abu Samah MA, Abdul Maulud KN, Mohamad Hamzah F, Mohd Saudi AS, Sunardi S. Hydrological and climate impacts on river characteristics of pahang river basin, Malaysia. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21573. [PMID: 38058642 PMCID: PMC10695850 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The climate, geomorphological changes, and hydrological elements that have occurred have all influenced future flood episodes by increasing the likelihood and intensity of extreme weather occurrences like extreme precipitation events. River bank erosion is a natural geomorphic process that occurs in all channels. As modifications of sizes and channel shapes are made to transport the discharge, sediment abounds from the stream catchment, and floods are triggered dramatically. The aim of this study is to analyze the flood-sensitive regions along the Pahang River Basin and determine how climate and river changes would have an impact on flooding based on hydrometeorological data and information on river characteristics. The study is divided into three stages, namely the upstream, middle stream, and downstream of the Pahang River. The main primary hydrometeorological data and river characteristics, such as Sinuosity Index, Dominant Slope Range and Entrenchment Ratio collected as important inputs in the statistical analysis process. The statistical analyses, namely HACA, PCA, and Linear Regression applied in river classification. The result showed that the middle stream and downstream areas demonstrated the worst flooding affected by anthropogenic and hydrological factors. Rainfall distribution is one of the factors that contributed to the flood disaster. There are strong correlations between the Sinuosity Index (SI) and water level, which indicates that changes occurred at both planform and stream classification. The best management practices towards sustainability are based on the application of the outcomes that have been obtained after the analysis of Pahang River planform changes, Pahang River geometry, and the local rainfall pattern in the Pahang River Basin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Khairul Amri Kamarudin
- Faculty of Applied Social Science, University Sultan Zainal Abidin, Gong Badak Campus, 21300, Terengganu, Malaysia
- East Coast Environmental Research Institute (ESERI), University Sultan Zainal Abidin, Gong Badak Campus, 21300, Kuala, Nerus, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Ekhwan Toriman
- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, National University of Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Noorjima Abd Wahab
- Faculty of Applied Social Science, University Sultan Zainal Abidin, Gong Badak Campus, 21300, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Armi Abu Samah
- Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Khairul Nizam Abdul Maulud
- Earth Observation Center, Institute of Climate Change, National University of Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Firdaus Mohamad Hamzah
- Department of Mathematics, Defense Base Center, National Defence University of Malaysia, Sungai Besi Camp, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Shakir Mohd Saudi
- Department of Environmental Health, Institute of Medical Science Technology Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sunardi Sunardi
- Graduate Program on Environmental Studies, Postgraduate School, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Dipati Ukur No. 35, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
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Wei SS, Yen CM, Marshall IPG, Hamid HA, Kamal SS, Nielsen DS, Ahmad HF. Gut microbiome and metabolome of sea cucumber (Stichopus ocellatus) as putative markers for monitoring the marine sediment pollution in Pahang, Malaysia. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 182:114022. [PMID: 35963228 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic contamination in the marine environment forms an emerging threat to marine ecosystems. This study aimed to compare the gut and coelomic microbiota of Stichopus ocellatus with sediments between two coastal districts of Pahang, which potentially conferring as putative biomarkers for sediment pollution monitoring. The composition of the bacteria communities was determined using 16S rRNA V3-region gene amplicon sequencing, while hybrid whole-genome sequencing was employed to analyze the genome of Vibrio parahaemolyticus. The trace elements and antibiotic compositions were access using high-throughput spectrometry. The alpha- and beta-diversity of bacteria in gut and sediment samples from Kuantan differed substantially within (p-value = 0.017604) and between samples (p-value <0.007), respectively. Vibrio genera predominated in Kuantan samples, while Flavobacterium and Synechococcus_E genera predominated in Pekan samples. Vibrio parahaemolyticus revealed the presence of tet(35) and blaCARB-33 genes that conceived resistance towards tetracycline and beta-lactam antibiotics, respectively, which were detected in sediment and gut samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siew Shing Wei
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, 26300 Gambang, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Choo Mei Yen
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, 26300 Gambang, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Ian P G Marshall
- Center for Electromicrobiology, Department of Biology, Ny Munkegade 116, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | - Hazrulrizawati Abd Hamid
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, 26300 Gambang, Pahang, Malaysia; Centre for Research in Advanced Tropical Bioscience (Biotropic Centre), Lebuhraya Tun Razak, 26300 Gambang, Pahang, Malaysia.
| | - Shamrulazhar Shamzir Kamal
- Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia.
| | | | - Hajar Fauzan Ahmad
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, 26300 Gambang, Pahang, Malaysia.
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