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Ashraf H, Ghouri F, Liang J, Xia W, Zheng Z, Shahid MQ, Fu X. Silicon Dioxide Nanoparticles-Based Amelioration of Cd Toxicity by Regulating Antioxidant Activity and Photosynthetic Parameters in a Line Developed from Wild Rice. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1715. [PMID: 38931146 PMCID: PMC11207486 DOI: 10.3390/plants13121715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
An extremely hazardous heavy metal called cadmium (Cd) is frequently released into the soil, causing a considerable reduction in plant productivity and safety. In an effort to reduce the toxicity of Cd, silicon dioxide nanoparticles were chosen because of their capability to react with metallic substances and decrease their adsorption. This study examines the processes that underlie the stress caused by Cd and how SiO2NPs may be able to lessen it through modifying antioxidant defense, oxidative stress, and photosynthesis. A 100 μM concentration of Cd stress was applied to the hydroponically grown wild rice line, and 50 μM of silicon dioxide nanoparticles (SiO2NPs) was given. The study depicted that when 50 μM SiO2NPs was applied, there was a significant decrease in Cd uptake in both roots and shoots by 30.2% and 15.8% under 100 μM Cd stress, respectively. The results illustrated that Cd had a detrimental effect on carotenoid and chlorophyll levels and other growth-related traits. Additionally, it increased the levels of ROS in plants, which reduced the antioxidant capability by 18.8% (SOD), 39.2% (POD), 32.6% (CAT), and 25.01% (GR) in wild rice. Nevertheless, the addition of silicon dioxide nanoparticles reduced oxidative damage and the overall amount of Cd uptake, which lessened the toxicity caused by Cd. Reduced formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), including MDA and H2O2, and an increased defense system of antioxidants in the plants provided evidence for this. Moreover, SiO2NPs enhanced the Cd resistance, upregulated the genes related to antioxidants and silicon, and reduced metal transporters' expression levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humera Ashraf
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (H.A.); (F.G.); (J.L.); (W.X.); (Z.Z.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Fozia Ghouri
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (H.A.); (F.G.); (J.L.); (W.X.); (Z.Z.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jiabin Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (H.A.); (F.G.); (J.L.); (W.X.); (Z.Z.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Weiwei Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (H.A.); (F.G.); (J.L.); (W.X.); (Z.Z.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhiming Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (H.A.); (F.G.); (J.L.); (W.X.); (Z.Z.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Muhammad Qasim Shahid
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (H.A.); (F.G.); (J.L.); (W.X.); (Z.Z.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xuelin Fu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (H.A.); (F.G.); (J.L.); (W.X.); (Z.Z.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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Pradhan AK, Gope M, Pobi KK, Saha S, Gupta S, Bhattacharjee RR, Nayek S. Geostatistical appraisal of water quality, contamination, source distribution of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in the lower stretches of Subarnarekha River (Odisha), India, and health risk assessment by Monte Carlo simulation approach. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2024; 46:42. [PMID: 38227078 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01815-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
In the present study, the status of water quality, environmental contamination in the lower stretch of Subarnarekha River with respect to potentially toxic elements (PTEs), its seasonal distribution, and ecotoxicological health impacts were investigated. For this purpose, a combination of indexing approaches and geospatial methods was used. The estimated water quality index (WQI) has shown that the river water falls under "moderate to very poor" category during the pre-monsoon and "moderate to poor" category in the post-monsoon season. The abundance of PTEs (Pb, Cu, Ni, Cd, Fe, and Cr) was on the higher side during the pre-monsoon in comparison with the post-monsoon season. The results of contamination index (Cd) and heavy metal evaluation index (HEI) explain that Subarnarekha River has low-to-moderate levels of contamination with PTEs in the majority of sampling sites. However, HPI indicated that the river water is moderate-to-highly contaminated with PTEs in both seasons. Principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) reveal that anthropogenic sources are prime contributors to PTEs contamination in Subarnarekha River. The potential non-cancerous health concerns for child and adults due to Cr and Pb in some sampling stations along the river stretch have been observed. The carcinogenic risk (CR) has been established for Cr, Pb, and Cd in Subarnarekha River with Cr (> 10-4) as the most unsafe element. Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) indicates a high risk of cancer hazards due to Cr (values > 1E-04) in present as well as future for both child and adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anup Kumar Pradhan
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Manash Gope
- Department of Environmental Science, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Sucharita Saha
- Department of Environmental Science, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal, India
| | - Srimanta Gupta
- Department of Environmental Science, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Sumanta Nayek
- Amity Institute of Environmental Sciences, Amity University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
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Vig N, Ravindra K, Mor S. Environmental impacts of Indian coal thermal power plants and associated human health risk to the nearby residential communities: A potential review. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 341:140103. [PMID: 37689154 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide, harmful emissions from coal power plants cause many illnesses contribute to premature deaths burden. Despite its high impact on human health and being a major source of toxic pollutants, coal has been considered a component of global energy for decades. Hence, this work was envisaged to understand the rising environmental and multiple health issues from coal power plants. Studies on the adverse impacts of coal power plants on the environment, including soil, surface water, groundwater and air, were critically evaluated. The health risk from exposure to different pollutants and toxic metals released from the power plant was also demonstrated. The study also highlighted the government initiatives and policies regarding coal power operation and generation. Lastly, the study focused on guiding coal power plant owners and policymakers in identifying the essential cues for the risk assessment and management. The current study found an association between environmental and human health risks due to power generation, which needs intervention from the scientific and medical fields to jointly address public concerns. It is also suggested that future research should concentrate on exposure assessment techniques by integrating source-identification and geographic information systems to assess the health effects of different contaminants from power plants and to mitigate their adverse impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitasha Vig
- Department of Environment Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
| | - Khaiwal Ravindra
- Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, 160012, India.
| | - Suman Mor
- Department of Environment Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
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He S, Lian X, Zhang B, Liu X, Yu J, Gao Y, Zhang Q, Sun H. Nano silicon dioxide reduces cadmium uptake, regulates nutritional homeostasis and antioxidative enzyme system in barley seedlings (Hordeum vulgare L.) under cadmium stress. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:67552-67564. [PMID: 37115454 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27130-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) toxicity is one of the most severe environmental threats inhibiting crop growth and productivity. Strategies to mitigate the adverse effects of Cd stress on plants are under scrutiny. Nano silicon dioxide (nSiO2) is an emerging material and could protect plants against abiotic stress. Can nSiO2 alleviate Cd toxicity in barley, and the possible mechanisms are poorly understood. A hydroponic experiment was conducted to study the mitigation effects of nSiO2 on Cd toxicity in barley seedlings. The results showed that the application of nSiO2 (5, 10, 20, and 40 mg/L) increased barley plant growth and chlorophyll and protein content, improving photosynthesis, compared with Cd-treated alone. Specifically, 5-40 mg/L nSiO2 addition increased net photosynthetic rate (Pn) by 17.1, 38.0, 30.3, and - 9.7%, respectively, relative to the Cd treatment alone. Furthermore, exogenous nSiO2 reduced Cd concentration and balanced mineral nutrient uptake. The application of 5-40 mg/L nSiO2 decreased Cd concentration in barley leaves by 17.5, 25.4, 16.7, and 5.8%, respectively, relative to the Cd treatment alone. Moreover, exogenous nSiO2 lowered malondialdehyde (MDA) content by 13.6-35.0% in roots, and by 13.5-27.2% in leaves, respectively, compared with Cd-treated alone. Besides, nSiO2 altered antioxidant enzyme activities and alleviated detrimental effects on Cd-treated plants, attaining maximal values at 10 mg/L nSiO2. These findings revealed that exogenous nSiO2 application may be a viable option for addressing Cd toxicity of barley plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songjie He
- School of Environment and Resources, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, People's Republic of China
- School of Applied Sciences, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Lian
- School of Environment and Resources, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, People's Republic of China
- College of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Zhang
- School of Environment and Resources, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianjun Liu
- School of Environment and Resources, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Yu
- School of Environment and Resources, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifan Gao
- School of Environment and Resources, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingmei Zhang
- School of Applied Sciences, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyan Sun
- School of Environment and Resources, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, People's Republic of China.
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Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Groundwater of Hainan Island Using the Monte Carlo Simulation Coupled with the APCS/MLR Model. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19137827. [PMID: 35805486 PMCID: PMC9266011 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19137827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Groundwater is a significant component of water resources, but drinking groundwater with excessive heavy metals (HMs) is harmful to human health. Currently, quantitative source apportionment and probabilistic health risk assessment of HMs in groundwater are relatively limited. In this study, 60 groundwater samples containing seven HMs were collected from Hainan Island and analyzed by the coupled absolute principal component scores/multiple linear regression (APCS/MLR), the health risk assessment (HRA) and the Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) to quantify the pollution sources of HMs and the health risks. The results show that the high-pollution-value areas of HMs are mainly located in the industry-oriented western region, but the pollution level by HMs in the groundwater in the study area is generally low. The main sources of HMs in the groundwater are found to be the mixed sources of agricultural activities and traffic emissions (39.16%), industrial activities (25.57%) and natural sources (35.27%). Although the non-carcinogenic risks for adults and children are negligible, the carcinogenic risks are at a high level. Through analyzing the relationship between HMs, pollution sources, and health risks, natural sources contribute the most to the health risks, and Cr is determined as the priority control HM. This study emphasizes the importance of quantitative evaluation of the HM pollution sources and probabilistic health risk assessment, which provides an essential basis for water pollution prevention and control in Hainan Island.
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