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Yadav SK, Dutta TK, Chatterjee A, Dutta S, Mohammad A, Das AK. Environmental contamination of arsenic: pathway analysis through water-soil-feed-livestock in Nadia District (India) and potential human health risk. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024:10.1007/s11356-024-34956-6. [PMID: 39294538 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-34956-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/20/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated arsenic (As) concentrations in diverse environmental components and their potential impact on the health risks faced by residents of the arsenic (As)-contaminated Nadia district in West Bengal, India. A random selection of 182 cattle and 255 goats from 40 livestock farmers in the district revealed that both animals and humans were naturally exposed to elevated arsenic levels through contaminated drinking water, foods, grasses, concentrate feeds, various fodder tree leaves, and other food/feed resources. The mean As concentration in roughages (483.18 µg/kg DM) was significantly higher (p < 0.001) than in tree leaves (391.53 µg/kg DM), and concentrate feed/ingredients (186.66 µg/kg DM). Pond water exhibited higher arsenic levels (106.11 µg/L) compared to shallow tube well water (47.96 µg/L) and deep tube well water/tap water (10.64 µg/L and 10.04 µg/L, respectively). The mean arsenic concentration in soils DM of fodder fields, crop fields, and grassland was 10.25, 10.58, and 10.20 mg/kg, respectively. It was observed that protein-rich feeds had lower levels of arsenic accumulation (p < 0.048), while fiber-rich feeds containing more cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin had higher arsenic levels (p < 0.017). Goats consumed 73.46% more arsenic per kg body weight compared to dairy cows. Although chronic and sub-chronic arsenic exposure in the district did not typically manifest symptoms or visible signs in ruminant animals, concentrations in the hair and feces of both cattle and goats exceeded normal values. Cattle feces had significantly higher arsenic (410.43 µg/kg DM) levels (p < 0.001) than goat feces (227.00 µg/kg DM), and arsenic concentration in cattle hair (1917.74 µg/kg DM) was also significantly greater (p < 0.001) than goat hair (1435.74 µg/kg DM). Arsenic levels in milk samples from both species were below 10 µg/kg. Liver (356.02 µg/kg DM) and kidney (317.22 µg/kg DM) contained significantly higher (p < 0.001) levels of arsenic compared to muscle (204.23 µg/kg DM), and bone (161.98 µg/kg DM) in local meat-type adult male goats. The skin accumulated the highest amount of arsenic (576.24 µg/kg DM) among the non-edible parts of the goat carcass. The cumulative cancer risk value for adults was 4.96 × 10-3, exceeding the threshold value (1 × 10-6). This suggests a significant risk of cancer development for the population in arsenic-affected areas. Non-cancer risks (hazard indexes) were estimated at 11.01 for adults. Our observations revealed that the highest bioaccumulation of arsenic occurred in the hair of cows, and goats in the examined localities. The biotransformation factor (BTF) for hair was much higher compared to other excreted samples from both species. The calculated BTF followed the order: hair > feces > milk for cows and goats. Livestock farmers in Nadia district are advised to carefully select feed resources, prioritizing those high in crude protein and low in neutral detergent fiber, and they should provide drinking water from deep aquifers to ensure the safety of milk and meat for human consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushil Kumar Yadav
- ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, Kalyani, West Bengal, 751235, India
| | - Tapas Kumar Dutta
- ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, Kalyani, West Bengal, 751235, India.
| | - Anupam Chatterjee
- ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, Kalyani, West Bengal, 751235, India
| | - Sneha Dutta
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odissa, 751019, India
| | - Asif Mohammad
- ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, Kalyani, West Bengal, 751235, India
| | - Arun Kumar Das
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700037, India
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Eslami H, Askari FR, Mahdavi M, Taghavi M, Ghaseminasab-Parizi M. Environmental arsenic exposure and reproductive system toxicity in male and female and mitigatory strategies: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2024; 46:420. [PMID: 39269655 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-024-02197-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
Environmental Arsenic (As) exposure is one of the main health challenges in different area of the world. As is a significant factor responsible to the reproductive system toxicity in both male and female. In this study, the most important effects mechanisms and biomarkers related to environmental exposure to As and the reproductive system toxicity, and infertility risk are reviewed in male and female. The results showed that the most important As-induced reproductive system toxicity in the male were alteration in the quantity and quality of semen, testicular toxicity, oxidative stress, testosterone reduction, and sperm apoptosis. For female were oxidative stress, spontaneous miscarriage, reproductive cycle disruption, decrease in the estradiol, progesterone, and testosterone levels and impair fecundity. The main mechanisms of reproductive system toxicity caused by As exposure in male were, genotoxic effects, reduction of glutathione, disruption of sex hormones, sperm flagellum formation impairment, inhibition of spermatogenesis, disruption of cell signaling pathways, and metabolites disruption. For female were abnormal signaling in gene expression, hormonal homeostasis, As-accumulation in placental tissue and creation of reactive oxygen, disruption in the neurotransmitters balance, and sex hormones disruption. The suitable biomarkers for As-induced reproductive toxicity in male were changes in testosterone, one-carbon and lipid metabolism, noncoding RNAs, and steroid hormone homeostasis, and for female was human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) changes. Finaly, taking selenium, zinc, silymarin, vitamins (C and E) and phytonutrients can be effective in reducing the As-induced reproductive system toxicity and infertility risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Eslami
- Occupational Environment Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Occupational Safety and Health Research Center, NICICO, World Safety Organization and Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
| | - Foad Ranjbar Askari
- Student Research Committee, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Mahdavi
- Student Research Committee, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Taghavi
- Department of Environment Health Engineering, School of Health, Social Determinates of Health Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Maryam Ghaseminasab-Parizi
- Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Health, Occupational Environment Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
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Kumar A, Kumar K, Ali M, Raj V, Srivastava A, Kumar M, Niraj PK, Kumar M, Kumar R, Kumar D, Bishwapriya A, Kumar R, Kumar S, Anand G, Kumar S, Sakamoto M, Ghosh AK. Severe Disease Burden and the Mitigation Strategy in the Arsenic-Exposed Population of Kaliprasad Village in Bhagalpur District of Bihar, India. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:1948-1964. [PMID: 37632687 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03822-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
The present study was carried out in the village Kaliprasad of Bhagalpur district of Bihar to know the arsenic exposure effect in the exposed population. A total of n = 102 households were studied, and their water and biological samples such as urine and hair were collected and analyzed in a graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometer (GF-AAS). The assessment of arsenic-exposed village population reveals that the villagers were suffering from serious health-related problems such as skin manifestations (hyperkeratosis and melanosis in their palm and soles), breathlessness, general body weakness, mental disorders, diabetes, hypertension (raised blood pressure), hormonal imbalance, neurological disorders, and few cancer cases. About 77% of household hand pump water had arsenic level more than the WHO recommended level of 10 µg/L, with highest level of 523 µg/L. Moreover, in 60% individual's urine samples, arsenic concentration was very high with maximum 374 µg/L while in hair 64% individuals had arsenic concentration above the permissible limit with maximum arsenic concentration of 11,398 µg/kg. The hazard quotient (HQ) was also calculated to know the arsenic risk percentage in children as 87.11%, in females as 83.15%, and in males as 82.27% by groundwater. This has surpassed the threshold value of 1 × 10 - 6 for carcinogenic risk (CR) in children, female, and male population group in the village. Hence, the exposed population of Kaliprasad village are at very high risk of the disease burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Kumar
- Mahavir Cancer Sansthan and Research Centre, Patna, Bihar, 801505, India.
| | - Kanhaiya Kumar
- Mahavir Cancer Sansthan and Research Centre, Patna, Bihar, 801505, India
| | - Mohammad Ali
- Mahavir Cancer Sansthan and Research Centre, Patna, Bihar, 801505, India
| | - Vivek Raj
- Patna Women's College, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Abhinav Srivastava
- Mahavir Cancer Sansthan and Research Centre, Patna, Bihar, 801505, India
| | | | - Pintoo Kumar Niraj
- Mahavir Cancer Sansthan and Research Centre, Patna, Bihar, 801505, India
| | - Mukesh Kumar
- Mahavir Cancer Sansthan and Research Centre, Patna, Bihar, 801505, India
| | - Rishav Kumar
- Mahavir Cancer Sansthan and Research Centre, Patna, Bihar, 801505, India
| | - Dhruv Kumar
- UPES University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | | | - Ranjit Kumar
- Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Suresh Kumar
- Sido Kanhu Murmu University, Dumka, Jharkhand, India
| | | | | | | | - Ashok Kumar Ghosh
- Mahavir Cancer Sansthan and Research Centre, Patna, Bihar, 801505, India
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Das A, Joardar M, De A, Mridha D, Ghosh S, Das B, Mandal J, Thakur BK, Roychowdhury T. Appraisal of treated drinking water quality from arsenic removal units in West Bengal, India: Approach on safety, efficiency, sustainability, future health risk and socioeconomics. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133216. [PMID: 38101016 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
The present study depicts the true failed scenario of the arsenic (As) removal units (ARU) in West Bengal by evaluating their treated water quality. Annual As removal efficiency of the 12 studied ARUs range between 35.2% and 82.6%. A comprehensive physico-chemical parameters and trace elements analysis find almost 25% and 16.7% of treated drinking water samples with poor water quality index (WQI) and high heavy metal evaluation index (HEI), respectively. The pond-based water treatment plant maintains the production of continuous As-safe water with a range between 60.2% and 66.7% due to its high Fe/As ratio. It's a discontent concluding the treated drinking water of the groundwater based-ARUs were observed with sufficient As mediated cancer risk (3 ×10-3). The non-cancer risk (HQ) of As is safe for the surface water treatment plant (0.38), whereas it is threatening for the groundwater based-ARUs (7.44). However, the drinking water samples are safe in view of HQ from the other trace elements like Hg, Al, Cd, Cr, Pb, F- and NO3-. Small scale ARU could be a feasible mitigation strategy in reducing the As menace in the long run if the plants are maintained correctly. Nevertheless, surface treated water is the most sustainable solution as withdrawal of groundwater for drinking purpose is not a viable practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antara Das
- School of Environmental Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Madhurima Joardar
- School of Environmental Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Ayan De
- School of Environmental Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Deepanjan Mridha
- School of Environmental Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Swetanjana Ghosh
- School of Environmental Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Bipradip Das
- Department of Mining Engineering, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, West Bengal, India
| | - Jajati Mandal
- School of Science, Engineering and Environment, University of Salford, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Barun Kumar Thakur
- Department of Economics, FLAME University, Pune, Maharashtra 412115, India
| | - Tarit Roychowdhury
- School of Environmental Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India.
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Roy A, Datta SP, Barman M, Golui D, Bhattacharyya S, Meena MC, Chinnusamy V, Pushkar S, Pandey PS, Rahman MM. Co-Application of Silicate and Low-Arsenic-Accumulating Rice Cultivars Efficiently Reduces Human Exposure to Arsenic-A Case Study from West Bengal, India. TOXICS 2023; 11:64. [PMID: 36668790 PMCID: PMC9865337 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11010064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the effect of practically realizable doses of silicate on arsenic (As) uptake by differential-As-accumulating rice cultivars grown on geogenically As-polluted soil. The possible health risk from the dietary ingestion of As through rice was also assessed. In addition, a solution culture experiment was conducted to examine the role of root-secreted weak acids in differential As acquisition by rice cultivars. When grown without silicate, Badshabhog accumulated a much smaller amount of As in grain (0.11 mg kg-1) when compared to the other three varieties. Satabdi, IR-36, and Khitish accumulated As in grain beyond the permissible limit (0.2 mg kg-1) for human consumption. The application of silicate effectively reduced the As content in the grain, husk, and straw of all of the cultivars. The grain As content fell to 17.2 and 27.6% with the addition of sodium metasilicate at the rates of 250 and 500 mg kg-1, respectively. In the case of Khitish, the grain As content was brought down within permissible limits by the applied silicate (500 mg kg-1). The integrated use of low-As-accumulating cultivars and silicate has great potential to reduce the public health risks associated with As. A positive correlation between root-secreted total weak acid and grain As content could explain the different rice cultivars' differential As acquisition capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arkaprava Roy
- Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Siba Prasad Datta
- Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Mandira Barman
- Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Debasis Golui
- Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
- Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58102, USA
| | | | - Mahesh Chand Meena
- Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Viswanathan Chinnusamy
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Suchitra Pushkar
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Punyavrat S. Pandey
- Education Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Mohammad Mahmudur Rahman
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
- Department of General Educational Development, Faculty of Science & Information Technology, Daffodil International University, Ashulia, Savar, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
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