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Ji C, Wu H, Long A, Xiao L, Feng S, Xu S. Methyltrimethoxysilane modified tin dioxide microspheres with hydrophobic networks and abundant adsorbed oxygen for efficient solid-phase microextraction of polychlorinated biphenyls. Mikrochim Acta 2024; 191:537. [PMID: 39143439 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-024-06616-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS) modified tin dioxide microspheres (MTMS/SnO2) were prepared by a facile hydrothermal method and heated reflux reaction strategy. The characterization results indicate that the modification of MTMS induced the formation of a hydrophobic network within the composites, while maintaining abundant adsorbed oxygen species. Subsequently, the MTMS/SnO2 microspheres were used as a solid-phase microextraction (SPME) coating for the efficient extraction and sensitive determination of trace polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in aqueous solutions coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. MTMS/SnO2 coating exhibited superior extraction performances for PCBs compared with commercial SPME and pure SnO2 microspheres coatings, owing to the hydrophobic crosslinking and adsorbed oxygen-enhanced hydrogen bonding. The proposed analytical method presented respectable linearity in the concentration range 0.25-1000 ng L-1, with low limits of detection varying from 0.036 to 0.14 ng L-1 for seven PCBs and excellent precision, with relative standard deviations of 5.7-9.8% for a single fiber and 8.2-13.1% for five fibers. Finally, the proposed method was successfully used for determination of PCBs in real water with recoveries ranging from 75.8 to 115.6%. This study proposed a new type SPME coating of MTMS/SnO2 microspheres, which extended the potential of SnO2 in capturing and determining organic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caixia Ji
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongwei Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453000, People's Republic of China
| | - Anying Long
- 113 Geological Brigade, Guizhou Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, Liupanshui, 553000, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Xiao
- Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental Pollution and Control, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, People's Republic of China.
| | - Suling Feng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengrui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, People's Republic of China.
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Alizadeh R, Shabani S. Zinc oxide-aluminum oxide nanocomposite solid phase microextraction for diazepam and oxazepam trace determination. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2024; 1232:123966. [PMID: 38104432 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2023.123966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
A new efficient ZnO-Al2O3 nanocomposite (ZANC) was synthesized to form solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fiber. The prepared fiber was used for trace determination of benzodiazepines by gas chromatography-flame ionization detector in urine samples. The effective parameters on the extraction process including extraction time, salt percentage, desorption time and sample pH were optimized by a factorial design method. The method was evaluated at the optimum conditions and limits of detection (LODs) were calculated 20 µg/L for diazepam and oxazepam. The method repeatability for oxazepam and diazepam (50 µg/L, n = 4) was calculated at 8.8 % and 6.4 %. Also, the method reproducibility was obtained, 7.45 % and 6.61 % for oxazepam and diazepam (50 µg/L, n = 4). Also, fiber-to-fiber relative standard deviation (RSDs%) for the target analytes were less than 15.5 %. The method linearity is within the range of 62-500 µg/L for diazepam and oxazepam. The ZANC-SPME fiber showed a good lifetime (60 times) with high chemical stability. The high thermal stability of ZANC-SPME fiber was attained at 280 °C. The extraction results of poly dimethylsiloxan/divinyl benzene (PDMS/DVB) fiber were compared by ZANC-SPME fiber. Therefore, the method is proposed as a suitable technique for benzodiazepines detection in the urine sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Alizadeh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Qom, Qom, Iran.
| | - Sara Shabani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Qom, Qom, Iran
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A new generation of solid-phase microextraction based on breathing of metal organic framework nanorods MOF-508 for the determination of diazinon and chlorpyrifos in wheat samples. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Core-shell structured Fe 2O 3/CeO 2@MnO 2 microspheres with abundant surface oxygen for sensitive solid-phase microextraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from water. Mikrochim Acta 2021; 188:337. [PMID: 34510313 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-021-05004-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Core-shell structured Fe2O3/CeO2@MnO2 microspheres were fabricated and used as solid-phase microextraction coating for determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in water samples. XPS spectra demonstrated the generation of abundant surface oxygen on Fe2O3/CeO2@MnO2 microspheres, which provided binding sites for enhancement of analyte extraction. Under optimized conditions, the proposed method presented good linearity in the concentration range 0.04-100 ng mL-1, with low limits of detection varying from 0.38 to 3.57 ng L-1 for eight PAHs. Relative standard deviations for a single fiber and five batches of fibers were in the ranges of 4.1-8.2% and 7.1-11.4%, respectively. The proposed method was successfully used for determination of PAHs in real river water samples with recoveries ranging from 87.1 to 115.9%. The proposed method using as-prepared Fe2O3/CeO2@MnO2 microspheres as SPME coating exhibit significant potential for real sample analysis due to its excellent reproducibility, high sensitivity, and good linearity.
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A silica fiber coated with a ZnO-graphene oxide nanocomposite with high specific surface for use in solid phase microextraction of the antiepileptic drugs diazepam and oxazepam. Mikrochim Acta 2018; 185:312. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-018-2850-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Dargahi R, Ebrahimzadeh H, Alizadeh R. Polypyrrole coated ZnO nanorods on platinum wire for solid-phase microextraction of amitraz and teflubenzuron pesticides prior to quantitation by GC-MS. Mikrochim Acta 2018; 185:150. [PMID: 29594491 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-018-2692-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The authors describe a new sorbent for amitraz and teflubenzuron pesticides. It consists of a platinum wire coated with polypyrrole-coated ZnO nanorods. The nanocomposite was prepared by a two-step process. In the first step, oriented ZnO nanorods were hydrothermally grown in situ on a platinum wire. Subsequently, oxidative vapor phase polymerization of pyrrole was performed on FeCl3-impregnated ZnO nanorods to give a porous polypyrrole film. The organic/inorganic nanocomposite synthesized through hydrothermal deposition and chemical vapor deposition polymerization yields material with attractive properties. The coated wire was applied to solid-phase microextraction of amitraz (in the form of 2,4-dimethylaniline resulting from the hydrolysis of amitraz) and teflubenzuron. The effects of extraction temperature, extraction time, sample pH value and salt concentration were optimized. The analytes 2,4-dimethylaniline and teflubenzuron were then quantified by GC-MS. Under optimum conditions, the LODs range between 0.1 and 0.15 ng.mL-1. Relative standard deviations at two concentration are <8.3% for intraday precision and <10.3% for inter-day precision. In all cases, the fiber to fiber reproducibility is <12.2%. For both analytes the linear dynamic ranges are 0.5-300 ng.mL-1. The procedure was successfully applied to the analysis of spiked agricultural water samples. Graphical abstract A novel inorganic/organic hybrid nanocomposite was synthesized through in situ hydrothermal deposition of ZnO nanorods and ten placing a thin layer of polypyrrole on them by chemical vapor deposition polymerization. This nanocomposite was applied to fabricate a solid-phase microextraction fiber for the extraction of amitraz and teflubenzuron pesticides residue from agricultural samples prior to their quantitation by GC-MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Dargahi
- Faculty of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., Evin, Tehran, 1983969411, Iran
| | - Homeira Ebrahimzadeh
- Faculty of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., Evin, Tehran, 1983969411, Iran.
| | - Reza Alizadeh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Qom University, Qom, 3716146611, Iran
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Abbasian M, Balali-Mood M, Mozaffari SA, Amoli HS. Solid-phase microextraction of ultra-trace amounts of tramadol from human urine by using a carbon nanotube/flower-shaped zinc oxide hollow fiber. J Sep Sci 2016; 39:4449-4457. [PMID: 27696671 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201600729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2016] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A new method is successfully developed for the separation and determination of a very low amount of tramadol in urine using functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes/flower-shaped zinc oxide before solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography. Under ultrasonic agitation, a sol of multiwalled carbon nanotubes and flower-shaped zinc oxide were forced into and trapped within the pore structure of the polypropylene and the sol solution immobilized into the hollow fiber. Flower-shaped zinc oxide was synthesized and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The morphology of the fabricated solid-phase microextraction surface was investigated by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The parameters affecting the extraction efficiencies were investigated and optimized. Under the optimized conditions, the method shows linearity in a wide range of 0.12-7680 ng/mL, and a low detection limit (S/N = 3) of 0.03 ng/mL. The precision of the method was determined and a relative standard deviation of 3.87% was obtained. This method was successfully applied for the separation and determination of tramadol in urine samples. The relative recovery percentage obtained for the spiked urine sample at 1000 ng/mL was 94.2%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Abbasian
- Separation Science Lab, Department of Chemical Technology, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Balali-Mood
- Medical Toxicology Research Centre, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sayed Ahmad Mozaffari
- Separation Science Lab, Department of Chemical Technology, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Salar Amoli
- Separation Science Lab, Department of Chemical Technology, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Tehran, Iran
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Zinc oxide-copper oxide nanoplates composite as coating for solid phase microextraction combined with high performance liquid chromatography-UV detection for trace analysis of chlorophenols in water and tomato juice samples. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 408:3727-36. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-9457-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Revised: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Alizadeh R. Chlorophenol's ultra-trace analysis in environmental samples by chitosan-zinc oxide nanorod composite as a novel coating for solid phase micro-extraction combined with high performance liquid chromatography. Talanta 2015; 146:831-8. [PMID: 26695336 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2015.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Revised: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a simple, novel, and efficient preconcentration method has been developed for the determination of some chlorophenols (4-chlorophenol, 2,5-dichlorophenol, 2,3-dichlorophenol, and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol) using a direct solid phase microextraction (D-SPME) based on chitosan-ZnO nanorod composite combined with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). A one step-novel hydrothermal method was demonstrated on the fabrication of ZnO nanorods arrayed on the fused silica fiber in the chitosan hydrogel solution (CZNC) as a new coating of SPME fiber. The coating was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) instruments. The CZNC coating has combined the merits of both ZnO nanorods and chitosan hydrogel; it has several improvements such as increased extraction efficiency of chlorophenols and longer life time (over 80 cycles of D-SPME-HPLC operation). Experimental design method was used for optimization of extraction conditions and determination of four chlorophenols in water samples by SPME-HPLC-UV method. The calibration curves were linear from 5 to 1000 µg L(-1) for analytes, and the limits of detection were between 0.1 and 2 µg L(-1). Single fiber repeatability and fiber-to-fiber reproducibility were in the range of 5.8-10.2% and 8.8-14.5%, respectively. The spiked recoveries at 50 µg L(-1) for environmental water sample were in the range of 93-102%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Alizadeh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Qom University, Qom, Iran.
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