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Du G, Yang R, Yan F, Wei S, Ren D, Li X. Use of Microscopic Characteristics and Multielemental Fingerprinting Analysis to Trace Three Different Cultivation Modes of Medicinal and Edible Dendrobium officinale in China. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:1006-1018. [PMID: 35507137 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03196-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The traceability of different cultivation modes is critical for ensuring the commercial viability of high-value Dendrobium officinale. In this study, by means of polarizing microscopy, SEM-EDX, ICP-MS and ICP-AES, the possibility of combining microscopic characteristics, multielemental analysis and multivariate statistical authenticity analysis was realized to determine the origins of the fresh stem and dried stem powder of D. officinale derived from three different cultivation modes from six provinces of China. The microscopic structure, chemical elements on the surface of the main microstructures and concentrations of Ca, K, Ba, Cs, As and Cu varied among specimens derived from different cultivation modes. The fresh stems of D. officinale derived from different cultivation modes can be effectively and quickly identified by various microscopic characteristics and different contents of Ca on the surface of the parenchyma, phloem and xylem. Meanwhile, linear discriminant analysis showed that 98.1% of the dried stem powder samples were correctly classified, and the accuracy of cross-validation was 95.3%. This study facilitated an effective integrated method for determining the traceability of the fresh stem and dried stem powder of D. officinale derived from three different cultivation modes. This approach offers a potential method for identifying the origins of medicinal plants derived from different cultivation modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangying Du
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dongqing South Road, Huaxi, Guiyang, 550025, GuiZhou, China.
| | - Ruidong Yang
- Guizhou University, Huaxi, Guiyang, 550025, GuiZhou, China
| | - Fulin Yan
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dongqing South Road, Huaxi, Guiyang, 550025, GuiZhou, China
| | - Shenghua Wei
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dongqing South Road, Huaxi, Guiyang, 550025, GuiZhou, China
| | - Deqiang Ren
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dongqing South Road, Huaxi, Guiyang, 550025, GuiZhou, China
| | - Xiangping Li
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dongqing South Road, Huaxi, Guiyang, 550025, GuiZhou, China
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Spence A, Wallace T, Barracks E. FT-IR spectroscopy analysis of HF-treated mineral soils, a direct approach for deciphering organo-mineral interactions. MethodsX 2023; 10:102088. [PMID: 36926266 PMCID: PMC10011482 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2023.102088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil organic matter (SOM) constitutes roughly 60% organic carbon (OC) and therefore plays a crucial role in regulating global climate. However, our understanding of the long-term dynamics of the soil carbon pool remains constrained by limitations in analytical approaches capable of providing high resolution molecular-level information from arguably the most complex biomaterial on the planet. In this contribution, we combine hydrofluoric acid (HF) treatment with a spectroscopic approach as a strategy to provide refined molecular-level information on the interactions between soil minerals and SOM. Critically, we have not seen the use of this combined approach anywhere in the literature and strongly believe that it could allow us to improve our overall understanding to the mechanisms and pathways that regulate SOM transformation. Results clearly illustrates which organic structures are preferentially adsorbed to soil minerals and are likely to be protected from degradation, as well as spatial co-variations of SOM with specific mineral components such as Al3+, Si4+ and dibasic cations such as Mg2+as a function of their importance in the interaction process.•Soil samples were collected from different land-use types in rural farming communities of the Upper Rio Grande Valley.•Samples were oven dried, disaggregated, sieved, treated with 10% HF, rinsed and oven dried.•Oven dried samples were subjected to Mid-infrared (4000-400 cm-1), XRD and ED-XRF analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Spence
- International Centre for Environmental and Nuclear Sciences, University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica
| | - T Wallace
- International Centre for Environmental and Nuclear Sciences, University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica
| | - E Barracks
- International Centre for Environmental and Nuclear Sciences, University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica
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Nwokocha M, Romero CA, Holder C, Whylie N, Wong H, Lietch J, Wilks R, Hosang M, Francis S, Brown PD, Paul T, Abel W, Barton E, Wilks R, Nwokocha CR. Blood Pressure Screening Campaign in Jamaica: May Measurement Month 2017. Am J Hypertens 2019; 32:1186-1191. [PMID: 31350551 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpz117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension (HTN) is responsible for a significant disease burden in Jamaica. We are reporting the results of the 2017 blood pressure (BP) screening campaign May Measurement Month in Jamaica that aimed to increase the awareness of HTN. METHODS Adults, 18 years old and older, from different parishes of Jamaica were invited to participate during May to June 2017. Demographic data were collected. BP, weight, and height were measured and recorded. RESULTS Five hundred sixty-six participants (n = 566) were enrolled, 91.6% (519) from urban areas, and 72.6% (410) were females. The average age was 53.7 (18-95) years old and body mass index was 28.2 ± 6.6 kg/m2. The prevalence of HTN was 47.3% (267/566), without gender or living areas differences (both P > 0.1). Prevalence of HTN was lower in those who self-identified as Interracial ethnicity, in comparison with Afro-Caribbean (33% vs. 48.3%; P = 0.04). About third of the hypertensive patients were not aware of the high BP (89/267; 35.6%). Between hypertensive patients, 64.4% (172/267) were receiving antihypertensive drugs. The rate of BP control was 32% of the hypertensive patients and 50% of those receiving antihypertensive medication. Significant lower BP control was observed between diabetic vs. nondiabetic patients (34.3% vs. 60%; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION We found a high prevalence of HTN in this population, especially in patients with diabetes or previous cardiovascular diseases. We report an increase in HTN awareness in Jamaica but more advances need to be performed to increase HTN treatment and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalene Nwokocha
- Department of Pathology, The University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica
| | - Cesar A Romero
- Internal Medicine, Hypertension and Vascular Research, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Global Health Initiative, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Cheryl Holder
- Department of Medicine, Family Medicine and Community Health, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, USA
| | | | - Hiu Wong
- Kingston Public Hospital, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Joan Lietch
- Mona Information Technology, The University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica
| | - Rohan Wilks
- Caribbean Institute for Health Research, The University of the West Indies, Mona Jamaica
| | - Mark Hosang
- Caribbean Institute for Health Research, The University of the West Indies, Mona Jamaica
| | - Sheena Francis
- Natural Products Institute, The University of the West Indies, Mona Jamaica
| | - Paul D Brown
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica
| | | | | | - Everard Barton
- Department of Medicine, The University of the West Indies, Mona Campus, Jamaica
| | - Rainford Wilks
- Caribbean Institute for Health Research, The University of the West Indies, Mona Jamaica
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Cheng S, Liu G, Zhou C, Sun R. Chemical speciation and risk assessment of cadmium in soils around a typical coal mining area of China. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 160:67-74. [PMID: 29793203 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The distribution characteristics of Cadmium (Cd) fractions in soils around a coal mining area of Huaibei coalfield were investigated, with the aim to assess its ecological risk. The total Cd concentrations in soils ranged from 0.05 to 0.87 mg/kg. The high percentage of phyto-available Cd (58%) when redox or base-acid equilibria changed. Soil pH was found to be a crucial factor affecting soil Cd fraction, and carbonate-bound Cd can be significantly affected by both organic matter and pH of soils. The static ecological evaluation models, including potential ecological risk index (PERI), geo-accumulation index (Igeo) and risk assessment code (RAC), revealed a moderate soil Cd contamination and prensented high Cd exposure risk in studied soils. However, the dynamic evaluation of Cd risk, determined using a delayed geochemical hazard (DGH), suggested that our studied soils can be classified as median-risk with a mean probability of 24.79% for Cd DGH. These results provide a better assessment for the risk development of Cd contamination in coal mining areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwei Cheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710075, Shaanxi, China
| | - Guijian Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710075, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Chuncai Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Ruoyu Sun
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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Liu C, Chang C, Fei Y, Li F, Wang Q, Zhai G, Lei J. Cadmium accumulation in edible flowering cabbages in the Pearl River Delta, China: Critical soil factors and enrichment models. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 233:880-888. [PMID: 29110895 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.08.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Although many previous studies have reported the soil pH and organic matter to be the most critical factors that affect the transfer of Cd in soil-crop systems in temperate zones, the behavior of Cd transfer is different in the Pearl River Delta (PRD), which is located in a subtropical zone with different climate and soil conditions. Therefore, we must determine the critical environmental factors that influence the transfer of Cd in the soil-vegetable system in the PRD region. Such knowledge can improve the safety of vegetables. In this study, the soil geochemical properties are investigated to explore the key soil factors that control the uptake of Cd by flowering cabbage, a popular leaf vegetable in China, from soils in the PRD region. The Cd contents in vegetables were most positively correlated to soil oxalate-Cd (p < 0.01), which indicates that amorphous Cd is the most available form for uptake into the cabbages. With the characteristics of rich in Fe oxide and Al oxide in the PRD soils, soil Fe and Al oxides were found to be the most relevant to the transfer factors of Cd from the soils to the cabbages. Soil secondary minerals are the key factor that affects the transfer of Cd, thereby influencing the migration and fate of Cd in soil-cabbage systems, with DCB-Fe significantly decreasing the Cd accumulation in cabbages. Additionally, models were developed to predict the enrichment of Cd in flowering cabbages, in which oxalate-Cd, DCB-Fe, and NaOAc-Al in soils were determined to be the most important factors that affect the Cd enrichment in flowering cabbages. In this study, we determine the important role of soil secondary minerals in affecting the transfer of Cd in soil-cabbage systems in the PRD. These observations are important to evaluate the accumulation of Cd in vegetables in subtropical zones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengshuai Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Ago-Environmental Pollution Control and Management, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental Science & Technology, Guangzhou 510650, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Chunying Chang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Contaminated Sited Environmental Management and Remediation, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, Guangzhou 510045, China
| | - Yingheng Fei
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Fangbai Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Ago-Environmental Pollution Control and Management, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental Science & Technology, Guangzhou 510650, China.
| | - Qi Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Ago-Environmental Pollution Control and Management, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental Science & Technology, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Guangshu Zhai
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Ago-Environmental Pollution Control and Management, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental Science & Technology, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Jing Lei
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China
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Bing H, Wu Y, Zhou J, Liang J, Wang J, Yang Z. Mobility and eco-risk of trace metals in soils at the Hailuogou Glacier foreland in eastern Tibetan Plateau. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:5721-5732. [PMID: 26581692 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5592-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The concentrations and fractions of cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) in soils collected from Hailuogou Glacier foreland in eastern Tibetan Plateau were analyzed to decipher their mobility, and their eco-risk was assessed combined with multiple environmental indices. The concentrations of Cd were more than ten times higher than its local background in the O horizon and nearly three times higher in the A horizon. The concentrations of Pb and Zn were relatively high in the O horizon, whereas that of Cu increased with soil depth. The main fractions of metals in the surface horizons were reducible and acid-soluble for Cd, oxidizable and residual for Cu, reducible and oxidizable for Pb, and reducible and residual for Zn. The metal mobility generally followed the order of Cd > Pb > Zn > Cu in the O horizon and Cd > Pb > Cu > Zn in the A horizon. Sorption and complexation by soil organic matters imparted an important effect on the mobilization and transformation of Cd, Pb, and Zn in the soils. The oxidizable Cu fraction in the soils showed significant correlation with organic matters, and soil pH mainly modulated the acid-soluble and reducible Cu fractions. The concentrations and other environmental indices including contamination factor, enrichment factor, geoaccumulation index, and risk assessment index revealed that Cd reached high contamination and very high eco-risk, Pb had medium contamination but low eco-risk, Zn showed low contamination and low eco-risk, and Cu was not contaminated in the soils. The data indicated that Cd was the priority to concern in the soils of Hailuogou Glacier catchment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijian Bing
- Alpine Ecosystem Observation and Experiment Station of Gongga Mountain, The Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 9#, Block 4, Renminnan Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yanhong Wu
- Alpine Ecosystem Observation and Experiment Station of Gongga Mountain, The Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 9#, Block 4, Renminnan Road, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Jun Zhou
- Alpine Ecosystem Observation and Experiment Station of Gongga Mountain, The Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 9#, Block 4, Renminnan Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jianhong Liang
- Alpine Ecosystem Observation and Experiment Station of Gongga Mountain, The Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 9#, Block 4, Renminnan Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jipeng Wang
- Alpine Ecosystem Observation and Experiment Station of Gongga Mountain, The Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 9#, Block 4, Renminnan Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zijiang Yang
- Alpine Ecosystem Observation and Experiment Station of Gongga Mountain, The Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 9#, Block 4, Renminnan Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
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Aiken WD, Jones KS, Ragin C, James K. Rural-urban differences in the clinico-pathologic profiles of Jamaican men with prostate cancer. Infect Agent Cancer 2015; 10:32. [PMID: 26417385 PMCID: PMC4584435 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-015-0023-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prostate cancer causes the highest number of cancer-related deaths in Jamaican men. It is not known whether rural-dwelling men present with worse disease than urban-dwelling men at initial presentation. Since rural and urban-dwelling Jamaicans are predominantly of African descent and generally similar in respect of racial composition, if any significant variation in initial presentation were found, it would suggest that these are likely due to differences in awareness, access to care, and screening patterns. Methods The medical records of rural and urban-dwelling patients with prostate cancer were compared. Patients’ age at presentation, initial prostate-specific antigen level, digital rectal examination findings, biopsy Gleason scores and initial treatment received were compared using bivariate and logistic regression analyses. Results In unadjusted analyses rural-dwelling men were older compared to urban-dwelling men (72 years versus 68.5 years, p = 0.035), had higher median PSA values (22.9 ng/ml versus 18 ng/ml, p = 0.001), higher local tumour stage (65.2 % versus 34.8 % T3 disease; 73.7 % versus 26.3 % T4 disease; p = 0.005), higher mean Gleason scores (p = 0.048) and more non-curative initial treatments. Local tumour stage was the only statistically significant difference between rural and urban-dwelling men in logistic regression analysis with rural-dwelling men having a 70 % higher risk of locally-advanced disease (OR = 1.70, 95 % CI: 1.03-2.79; p = 0.038). Conclusion Rural-dwelling men presented with more advanced prostate cancer compared to urban-dwelling men. As both rural and urban-dwelling men are of predominant African descent it is likely that these differences are due to differences in access to care, screening practice and awareness of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- William D Aiken
- Division of Urology, Section of Surgery, The Department of Surgery, Radiology, Anaesthesia & Intensive care, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, Kingston 7, Mona, W.I. Jamaica
| | - Kieron S Jones
- Hargreaves Memorial Hospital, 32 Hargreaves Avenue Mandeville, Manchester, W.I. Jamaica
| | - Camille Ragin
- The Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111 USA
| | - Kenneth James
- Section of Community Health, The Department of Community Health and Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, Kingston 7, Mona, W.I. Jamaica
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