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Xie QP, Li BB, Wei FL, Yu M, Zhan W, Liu F, Lou B. Growth and gonadal development retardations after long-term exposure to estradiol in little yellow croaker, Larimichthys polyactis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 222:112462. [PMID: 34217113 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) including 17β-estradiol (E2) are widely distributed in the aquatic environment and are known to negatively affect the reproductive system of many animals, including fish. EDCs leading to feminization, altered sex ratio and reduced fecundity, it is possibly posing potential risks to the ecosystems. To investigate the potentially toxic effects of E2 exposure on little yellow croaker (Larimichthys polyactis, L. poliactis) who have a unique gonadal development pattern that males undergo a hermaphroditic stage. An experiment was set up where L. poliactis were maintained in tanks and exposed to E2 concentrations of 10 μg/L or no E2 exposure (the ethanol and control groups) from 30 to 90 days post-hatching (dph). After exposure, the E2 withdrawal and continual cultured to 150 and 365 dph. The morphological and histological analyses were used to compare the changes in the fish body and gonad under E2 exposure. The results showed that E2 exposure caused three major phenotypes at 30 and 60 days after treatment (dat), including ovary, ovotestis and gonadal development retardation compared with the control groups. The average ratio of these three phenotypes is 60.6%, 11.97% and 27.43%, respectively. The body length and weight of E2 exposure groups were repressed during the E2 exposure period, while it can recover after E2 withdrawal. However, the gonadal development (Gonadosomatic Index) of E2 exposure groups testis were retarded at 60 dat and doesn't recover until 365 dph. The sex determination/differentiation-related genes erα, erβI, erβII, fshβ and cyp11b2 were significantly decreased in E2-exposure male fish. This research highlights the E2 leads to feminization, disrupts testis maturation and spermatogenesis, this effect persisted into the stage of sexual maturity. Collectively, our findings provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying E2 disturbance of a marine economic fish reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Ping Xie
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China.
| | - Bing-Bing Li
- School of Fishery, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316021, China
| | - Fu-Liang Wei
- School of Fishery, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316021, China
| | - Min Yu
- School of Fishery, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316021, China
| | - Wei Zhan
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Bao Lou
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China.
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Karki NP, Colombo RE, Gaines KF, Maia A. Exposure to 17β estradiol causes erosion of sexual dimorphism in Bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:6450-6458. [PMID: 32997251 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10935-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Estrogenic compounds including 17β estradiol (or E2) are known to negatively affect the reproductive system of many animals, including fish, leading to feminization, altered sex ratio, reduced fecundity, and decreased gonadosomatic index. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of varying concentrations of water-soluble 17β estradiol exposure on the external morphology of Bluegill. An experiment was set up where fish were individually maintained in 10-g tanks and exposed to 17β estradiol concentrations of 40 and 80 ng/L or no 17β estradiol exposure (the control). Fish were exposed for 21 days, with 17β estradiol replenished each week to account for 17β estradiol half-life. Fish were photographed laterally before and after the 21-day exposure to 17β estradiol. Landmark-based geometric morphometrics were conducted in MorphoJ and canonical variate and discriminant function analysis were used to compare the morphological changes in the fish under 17β estradiol exposure. The results showed that 17β estradiol exposure caused male dimorphic characters to change in Bluegill by becoming less prevalent. Specifically, there was a narrowing of the caudal peduncle, smaller nape protrusion, reduced opercular flap and pectoral fin, and a deeper body in the exposed groups compared with control fish under both concentrations. This research highlights the widespread effects of 17β estradiol on fish health beyond the reproductive system, which could have important conservation implications by affecting mate selection and reducing reproductive success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeta Parajulee Karki
- Department of Biology, Eastern Illinois University, 600 Lincoln Ave, Charleston, IL, 61920, USA
| | - Robert E Colombo
- Department of Biology, Eastern Illinois University, 600 Lincoln Ave, Charleston, IL, 61920, USA
| | - Karen F Gaines
- Department of Human Factors and Behavioral Neurobiology, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, 1 Aerospace Blvd., Daytona Beach, FL, 32114, USA
| | - Anabela Maia
- Department of Biology, Eastern Illinois University, 600 Lincoln Ave, Charleston, IL, 61920, USA.
- Department of Biology, Rhode Island College, 600 Mount Pleasant Ave, Providence, RI, 02908, USA.
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3
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An electrochemiluminescence sensor for 17β-estradiol detection based on resonance energy transfer in α-FeOOH@CdS/Ag NCs. Talanta 2021; 221:121479. [PMID: 33076091 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
An electrochemiluminescence (ECL) resonance energy transfer system is constructed for 17β-estradiol (E2) detection using α-FeOOH@CdS nanospheres as the ECL-active substrates and Ag NCs as an efficient quencher. CdS QDs loaded onto three-dimensional (3D) urchin-like α-FeOOH nanospheres (α-FeOOH@CdS nanospheres) exhibited excellent ECL responses, which is attributed to dual-amplification of α-FeOOH frameworks. The 3D hierarchical structure of the α-FeOOH nanospheres provided abundant sites for loading ECL-active species, thus significantly improving the ECL performance of substrates; While Fe3+ presented on surface of α-FeOOH nanospheres could be reduced to Fe2+ in negative potentials, after which might activate persulfate in a Fenton-like process, resulting in more sulfate free radicals for more effective ECL responses via electron transfer reactions. Additionally, Ag nanoclusters (Ag NCs) stabilized by single stranded oligonucleotide were introduced as quenching probes for CdS QDs owing to the well-matched donor-acceptor spectrum for efficient energy transfer, which makes them appropriate for detection of E2. The proposed strategy displayed a desirable dynamic range from 0.01 to 10 pg mL-1 with a limit of detection of 0.003 pg mL-1. The proposed strategy based on the ECL-RET strategy offered an ideal way for E2 detection, and also revealed an alternative platform for detection of other small molecules.
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Pratush A, Ye X, Yang Q, Kan J, Peng T, Wang H, Huang T, Xiong G, Hu Z. Biotransformation strategies for steroid estrogen and androgen pollution. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:2385-2409. [PMID: 31993703 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10374-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The common steroid hormones are estrone (E1), 17β-estradiol (E2), estriol (E3), 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2), and testosterone (T). These steroids are reported to contaminate the environment through wastewater treatment plants. Steroid estrogens are widespread in the aquatic environment and therefore pose a potential risk, as exposure to these compounds has adverse impacts on vertebrates. Excessive exposure to steroid estrogens causes endocrine disruption in aquatic vertebrates, which affects the normal sexual life of these animals. Steroid pollutants also cause several health problems in humans and other animals. Microbial degradation is an efficient method for removing hormone pollutants from the environment by remediation. Over the last two decades, microbial metabolism of steroids has gained considerable attention due to its higher efficiency to reduce pollutants from the environment. The present review is focused on the major causes of steroid pollution, concentrations of these pollutants in surface water, groundwater, drinking water, and wastewater, their effect on humans and aquatic animals, as well as recent efforts by various research groups that seek better ways to degrade steroids by aerobic and anaerobic microbial systems. Detailed overview of aerobic and anaerobic microbial biotransformation of steroid estrogens and testosterone present in the environment along with the active enzyme systems involved in these biotransformation reactions is described in the review article, which helps readers to understand the biotransformation mechanism of steroids in depth. Other measures such as co-metabolic degradation, consortia degradation, algal, and fungal steroid biotransformation are also discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Pratush
- Biology Department, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Xueying Ye
- Biology Department, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Qi Yang
- Biology Department, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Jie Kan
- Biology Department, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Tao Peng
- Biology Department, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Biology Department, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Tongwang Huang
- Biology Department, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Guangming Xiong
- Institute of Toxicology and Pharmacology for Natural Scientists, University Medical School, Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Brunswiker Str. 10, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Zhong Hu
- Biology Department, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China.
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Yien Fang T, Praveena SM, Aris AZ, Syed Ismail SN, Rasdi I. Quantification of selected steroid hormones (17β-Estradiol and 17α-Ethynylestradiol) in wastewater treatment plants in Klang Valley (Malaysia). CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 215:153-162. [PMID: 30316157 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Steroid estrogens, such as 17β-estradiol (E2) and 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2) are potent and were categorized as "Watch List" in Directive 2013/39/EU because of their potential risks to aquatic environment. Commercialized enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits have been used to quantify steroid estrogens in wastewater samples due to their simplicity, rapid, cost-effectiveness, and validated assays. Hence, this study aims to determine the occurrence and removal of steroid hormones in Malaysian wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) by ELISA, to identify the association of removal efficiency (E2 and EE2) with respect to WWTPs operating conditions, and to assess the potential risks of steroid estrogens to aquatic environment and human. Results showed E2 concentration ranged from 88.2 ± 7.0 ng/L to 93.9 ± 6.9 ng/L in influent and 35.1 ± 17.3 ng/L to 85.2 ± 7.6 ng/L in effluent, with removal of 6.4%-63.0%. The EE2 concentration ranged from 0.2 ± 0.2 ng/L to 4.9 ± 6.3 ng/L in influent and 0.02 ± 0.03 ng/L to 1.0 ± 0.8 ng/L in effluent, with removal of 28.3-99.3%. There is a correlation between EE2 removal with total suspended solid (TSS) and oxidation reduction potential (ORP), and was statistically significant. Despite the calculated estrogenic activity for E2 and EE2 was relatively high, dilution effects could lower estrogenic response to aquatic environment. Besides, these six selected WWTPs have cumulative RQ values below the allowable limit, except WWTP 1. Relatively high precipitation (129-218 mm) could further dilute estrogens concentration in the receiving river. These outputs can be used as quantitative information for evaluating the occurrence and removal of steroid estrogens in Malaysian WWTPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Yien Fang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Sarva Mangala Praveena
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Ahmad Zaharin Aris
- Environmental Forensics Research Centre, Faculty of Environmental Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Sharifah Norkhadijah Syed Ismail
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Irniza Rasdi
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
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Orozco-Hernández L, Gutiérrez-Gómez AA, SanJuan-Reyes N, Islas-Flores H, García-Medina S, Galar-Martínez M, Dublán-García O, Natividad R, Gómez-Oliván LM. 17β-Estradiol induces cyto-genotoxicity on blood cells of common carp (Cyprinus carpio). CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 191:118-127. [PMID: 29031051 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
17β-Estradiol, a natural hormone present at high concentrations in aquatic ecosystems, affects and modifies endocrine function in animals. In recent years research workers have expressed concern over its potential effects on aquatic organisms; however, little is known about its capacity to induce genetic damage or the pro-apoptotic effects of such damage on fish. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate 17β-estradiol-induced cyto-genotoxicity in blood cells of the common carp Cyprinus carpio exposed to different concentrations (1 ng, 1 μg and 1 mg L-1). Peripheral blood samples were collected and evaluated by comet assay, micronucleus test, determination of caspase-3 activity and TUNEL assay at 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h of exposure. Increases in frequency of micronuclei, TUNEL-positive cells and caspase-3 activity were observed, particularly at the highest concentration. In contrast, the comet assay detected significant increases at 24 and 96 h with the 1 μg and 1 ng L-1 concentrations respectively. The set of assays used in the present study constitutes a reliable early warning biomarker for evaluating the toxicity induced by this type of emerging contaminants on aquatic species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Orozco-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón Intersección Paseo Tollocan s/n. Col. Residencial Colón, 50120, Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Adriana Andrea Gutiérrez-Gómez
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón Intersección Paseo Tollocan s/n. Col. Residencial Colón, 50120, Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Nely SanJuan-Reyes
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón Intersección Paseo Tollocan s/n. Col. Residencial Colón, 50120, Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Hariz Islas-Flores
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón Intersección Paseo Tollocan s/n. Col. Residencial Colón, 50120, Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Sandra García-Medina
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Acuática, Departamento de Farmacia, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Av. Wilfrido Massieu S/n y Cerrada de Manuel Stampa, Col. Industrial Vallejo, C.P. 007700, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Marcela Galar-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Acuática, Departamento de Farmacia, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Av. Wilfrido Massieu S/n y Cerrada de Manuel Stampa, Col. Industrial Vallejo, C.P. 007700, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Octavio Dublán-García
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón Intersección Paseo Tollocan s/n. Col. Residencial Colón, 50120, Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Reyna Natividad
- Chemical Engineering Lab., Centro Conjunto de Investigación en Química Sustentable UAEM-UNAM, Carretera Toluca-Atlacomulco Km 14.5, Unidad San Cayetano, Toluca, Estado de México, 50200, Mexico
| | - Leobardo Manuel Gómez-Oliván
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón Intersección Paseo Tollocan s/n. Col. Residencial Colón, 50120, Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico.
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