1
|
Virgilio LR, da Silva Lima F, Keppeler EC, Takemoto RM, Camargo LMA, de Oliveira Meneguetti DU. Endoparasite Communities of Fish at Different Trophic Levels in the Western Brazilian Amazon: Human, Environmental and Seasonal Influence. Acta Parasitol 2023; 68:612-636. [PMID: 37395992 DOI: 10.1007/s11686-023-00685-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The composition of the fish parasite community depends on several factors related to the environment, the host and its biology. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of environmental factors in anthropized and conserved areas on the endoparasite community structure in fish at different trophic levels, in addition to verifying that some species of Digenea are indicators of conserved environments. METHODS The study was carried out in the Upper Juruá River region, Western Amazon, Brazil. Six sampling sites were selected in this region and grouped in conserved and degraded environments. Fish were caught from periods of drought and flood, using passive and active sampling methods. Fish collected were measured, weighed, necropsied and the parasites found were counted, fixed, and subjected to morphological analysis. Physical and chemical variables and environmental characteristics were measured in all sites. RESULTS The present study demonstrated that environmental variables in a floodplain system can influence the richness, diversity, composition and abundance of endoparasites in hosts at different trophic levels. In addition, anthropized environments may favor the abundance of some generalist parasites and present a more homogeneous biota between seasonal periods compared to conserved environments. CONCLUSION Study contributed with information supporting the importance of conservation of aquatic environments, and demonstrated that fish parasites can be excellent indicators of environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucena Rocha Virgilio
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia, Bionorte, Universidade Federal do Acre, Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil.
| | - Fabricia da Silva Lima
- Laboratório de Ecologia Aquática, Universidade Federal do Acre, Campus Floresta, Cruzeiro do Sul, Acre, Brazil
| | - Erlei Cassiano Keppeler
- Laboratório de Ecologia Aquática, Universidade Federal do Acre, Campus Floresta, Cruzeiro do Sul, Acre, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Massato Takemoto
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aquicultura, Laboratório de Ictioparasitologia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Dionatas Ulises de Oliveira Meneguetti
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia, Bionorte, Universidade Federal do Acre, Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil
- Laboratório de Medicina Tropical, Universidade Federal do Acre, Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gomes PGS, Lima EL, Silva SR, Juen L, Brasil LS. Does land use and land cover affect adult communities of Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera (EPT)? A systematic review with meta-analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 194:697. [PMID: 35986788 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10352-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We conducted a systematic review to better understand this gap and analyzed i) in which global regions are studies usually conducted, ii) the taxon studied, iii) sampling methods and iv) how authors collaborated in these studies. We also tested the relationship between different types of land use and land cover and adult EPT communities using a meta-analysis. We searched for relevant articles on the website Web of Science, using specific words related to the subject. We found 454 papers and selected 31 of them for the scientometric analysis, as they were in accordance with our objectives, and eight for the meta-analysis. Among this subset, we observed that study areas and collaborations among authors were largely restricted to a few countries in Europe and North America. Most studies used the group Trichoptera, probably due to its diversity and the longevity of the adults compared to other groups. Light traps were the most common sampling method, most likely due to their efficiency in capturing flying insects with nocturnal habits. The greatest differences in adult EPT communities were found between open areas (moorland and prairie) and forest areas. This result indicated that the conversion of forest habitats into open areas negatively impacts adult EPT communities. Our systematic review can be an important tool to help researchers choose appropriate collection methods and taxonomic groups to work with in studies on impacts of land use change on adult EPT communities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Geovani Silva Gomes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Zoologia, Universidade Federal Do Pará. Av. Perimetral, 2-224 - Guamá, Belém, PA CEP, 66077-830, Brazil.
| | - Edgar Luis Lima
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ecologia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF CEP, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Samantha Ribeiro Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Zoologia, Universidade Federal Do Pará. Av. Perimetral, 2-224 - Guamá, Belém, PA CEP, 66077-830, Brazil
| | - Leandro Juen
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Zoologia, Universidade Federal Do Pará. Av. Perimetral, 2-224 - Guamá, Belém, PA CEP, 66077-830, Brazil
| | - Leandro Schlemmer Brasil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Zoologia, Universidade Federal Do Pará. Av. Perimetral, 2-224 - Guamá, Belém, PA CEP, 66077-830, Brazil
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Av. Universitária 3500, 78698-000, Pontal do Araguaia, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Veras DS, Pinto NS, Calvão L, Lustosa GS, de Azevêdo CAS, Juen L. Environmental thresholds of dragonflies and damselflies from a Cerrado-Caatinga ecotone. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 194:614. [PMID: 35895142 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10310-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic ecosystems are affected by different land uses that modify gradients of environmental conditions. These impacts act directly on the community structure, especially the most sensitive ones, such as aquatic insects. Thus, dragonflies have been used as good models to assess these changes, since their suborders Anisoptera and Zygoptera have different ecophysiological and behavioral requirements. This study aimed to evaluate the following hypotheses: (1) dragonfly species composition differs along the environmental gradients of streams; therefore, we expect a higher proportion of species of the suborder Anisoptera in environments with a higher degree of disturbance, since these environmental conditions select heliothermic species with exophytic oviposition; (2) the reduction of habitat integrity and canopy cover will lead to a lower richness of the Zygoptera suborder, due to the restrictions of its thermoregulation and oviposition behavior in relation to Anisoptera, since the higher light input would favor heliothermic and exophytic species; (3) alterations in habitat integrity create ecological thresholds and points of change in the abundance and frequency of Odonata species, generating gradients in the environmental integrity conditions. Specimens were collected from 24 streams (first to third order), in a gradient of land uses. Canopy cover and stream width were predictors of taxonomic richness and abundance of the suborders Anisoptera and Zygoptera, with greater coverage and smaller width, positively affecting Zygoptera and negatively Anisoptera. The turning points were determined by a habitat integrity index, where below 0.38 there is an increase in generalist taxa and a decline in sensitive taxa. On the other hand, above 0.79, there was a sensitive taxa increase in detriment of generalists. Four individual taxa indicators were selected, two of which associated with a negative response (Perithemis tenera and Acanthagrion aepiolum) and two with positive responses (Epipleoneura metallica and Zenithoptera lanei) for habitat integrity. Our results are important to guide management strategies, recovery, and protection policies for areas of permanent protection, aiming to conserving biodiversity and natural resources essential to life quality maintenance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Silas Veras
- Laboratório de Ecologia E Conservação, Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ecologia-PPGECO, Universidade Federal Do Pará, Belém, Brazil.
- Laboratório de Ecologia de Comunidades, Instituto Federal Do Maranhão Campus Caxias, Caxias, Brazil.
| | - Nelson Silva Pinto
- Colégio Estadual Pedro Neca, Rede Amazônia Sustentável/SYNERGIZE, Universidade Federal Do Pará, Aparecida de Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Lenize Calvão
- Laboratório de Ecologia E Conservação, Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ecologia-PPGECO, Universidade Federal Do Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Ambientais-PPGCA, Universidade Federal Do Amapá, Macapá, Amapá, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Santana Lustosa
- Laboratório de Ecologia de Comunidades, Instituto Federal Do Maranhão Campus Caxias, Caxias, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Biodiversidade E Conservação-PPGBC Universidade Federal Do Piauí, Floriano, Brazil
| | | | - Leandro Juen
- Laboratório de Ecologia E Conservação, Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ecologia-PPGECO, Universidade Federal Do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bakonyi G, Vásárhelyi T, Szabó B. Pollution impacts on water bugs (Nepomorpha, Gerromorpha): state of the art and their biomonitoring potential. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 194:301. [PMID: 35344112 PMCID: PMC8960648 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-09961-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
As water pollution poses an increasing risk worldwide, it is timely to assess the achievements of the aquatic macroinvertebrate ecotoxicology to provide a sound basis for the discipline's future and support the development of biomonitoring. Aquatic and semi-aquatic bugs (Hemiptera: Nepomorpha, Gerromorpha) are ubiquitous in almost all water types, sometimes in high densities, and play a significant role in organic material turnover and energy flow. Nevertheless, they are ignored in the water pollution biomonitoring schemes. Here, based on 300 papers, we review and evaluate the effects of chemical pesticides, microorganism-derived pesticides, insecticides of plant origin, heavy metals, eutrophication, salinisation and light pollution which are summarised for the first time. Our review encompasses the results of 100 laboratory and 39 semi-field/field experiments with 47 pesticides and 70 active ingredients. Pyrethroids were found to be more toxic than organochlorine, organophosphate and neonicotinoid insecticides to water bugs, like other macroinvertebrate groups. Additionally, in 10 out of 17 cases, the recommended field concentration of the pesticide was higher than the LC50 values, indicating potential hazards to water bugs. The recommended field concentrations of pesticides used in mosquito larvae control were found non-toxic to water bugs. As very few replicated studies are available, other findings on the effects of pesticides cannot be generalised. The microorganism-derived pesticide Bti appears to be safe when used at the recommended field concentration. Data indicates that plant-derived pesticides are safe with a high degree of certainty. We have identified three research areas where water bugs could be better involved in water biomonitoring. First, some Halobates spp. are excellent, and Gerris spp. are promising sentinels for Cd contamination. Second, Micronecta and, to a certain extent, Corixidae species composition is connected to and the indicator of eutrophication. Third, the species composition of the Corixidae is related to salinisation, and a preliminary method to quantify the relationship is already available. Our review highlights the potential of water bugs in water pollution monitoring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Bakonyi
- Department of Zoology and Ecology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 2100, Gödöllő, Hungary.
| | | | - Borbála Szabó
- Centre for Ecological Research, Institute of Ecology and Botany, "Lendület" Landscape and Conservation Ecology, 2163, Vácrátót, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pereira-Moura L, de Sena WS, Neiss UG, Couceiro SRM. Environmental integrity as a modeler of the composition of the Odonata community. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2021; 193:160. [PMID: 33661407 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-021-08957-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Human actions often alter natural environments, causing homogenization of micro-habitats and, consequently, the loss or replacement of species. Our research evaluates how the effects of environmental integrity and the physical and chemical characteristics of streams influence the adult Odonata community in a region of the Amazon, in western Pará. The data were obtained in 15 streams of first and second order in the municipality of Santarém, Pará, between October and December 2014 (dry season) and between March and May 2015 (rainy season). A total of 544 specimens were collected, distributed in 23 genera, 35 species. Significant differences were observed in the composition of Odonata based on the integrity of streams, and species are replaced as the habitat integrity gradient is reduced, with species that need more preserved conditions extinct locally, making room for generalist species. However, only Psaironeura tenuissima was an indicator of more preserved sites, while Argia sp.1 and Mnesarete smaragdina were indicative of altered sites. None of the variables had any influence on the richness or abundance of Odonata.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Pereira-Moura
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Biodiversidade, Instituto de Ciências E Tecnologia das Águas, Laboratório de Ecologia E Taxonomia de Invertebrados Aquáticos, Universidade Federal Do Oeste Do Pará, Campus Tapajós Rua Vera Paz, sn, bloco 11, sala 03, Salé, Santarem, Para, 68035-110, Brazil.
| | - Waldilene Silva de Sena
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Recursos Aquáticos Continentais Amazônicos, Instituto de Ciências E Tecnologia das Águas, Universidade Federal Do Oeste Do Pará, Campus Tapajós Rua Vera Paz, sn, bloco 11, sala 03, Salé, Santarem, Para, 68035-110, Brazil
| | - Ulisses Gaspar Neiss
- Polícia Civil Do Estado Do Amazonas, Instituto de Criminalística - IC, Avenida Noel Nutels, 300, Cidade Nova, Manaus, AM, 69090000, Brazil
| | - Sheyla Regina Marques Couceiro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Biodiversidade, Instituto de Ciências E Tecnologia das Águas, Laboratório de Ecologia E Taxonomia de Invertebrados Aquáticos, Universidade Federal Do Oeste Do Pará, Campus Tapajós Rua Vera Paz, sn, bloco 11, sala 03, Salé, Santarem, Para, 68035-110, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Response of the Zygopteran Community (Odonata: Insecta) to Change in Environmental Integrity Driven by Urbanization in Eastern Amazonian Streams. ECOLOGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/ecologies2010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The accelerated and disordered growth of large urban centers has caused a significant loss of biodiversity and the negative effects are more significant in aquatic environments. Thus, the objective of this study is to assess the effects of environmental change due to urbanization in the abundance and biomass patterns of species belonging to the Zygoptera suborder. We tested the hypothesis that, in altered streams, there will be a predominance of organisms with fast growth and small biomass (r-strategists), and intermediate streams will have an overlapping of r and k-strategists. In control streams, there will be a predominance of k-strategists, with slow growth, decreased abundance, and high biomass. Urban expansion in Amazonian streams will cause loss of Zygoptera species richness. Streams draining urban areas will have higher air temperatures than control streams. Thus, small-sized and less abundant species will be favored. We sampled 15 streams in the metropolitan area of Belém. Sites were classified, using the index of physical habitat integrity, as control, intermediate and altered. Comparisons between biomass and abundance were analyzed using W Statistics. Our analyses showed that: the effects of urbanization cause loss of k-strategists and favors r-strategists, once abundance was placed above biomass; in intermediate environments, contrary to what we expected, there was no overlapping of strategies, once r-strategists were also placed above k-strategists; in control environments, biomass was placed above abundance, suggesting these environments have a predominance of k-strategist species, as we suggested; and we observed increased levels of temperature favor the most abundant species, the ones having generalist biological mechanisms; however, contrary to what we expected, there was no difference in richness. With these results, we reinforce the need for public policies to create or maintain the riparian forest along streams running through urban areas and create or maintain urban parks.
Collapse
|
7
|
Luiza-Andrade A, Brasil LS, Torres NR, Brito J, Silva RR, Maioli LU, Barbirato MF, Rolim SG, Juen L. Effects of Local Environmental and Landscape Variables on the Taxonomic and Trophic Composition of Aquatic Insects in a Rare Forest Formation of the Brazilian Amazon. NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2020; 49:821-831. [PMID: 32946024 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-020-00814-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we analyzed a unique phytophysiognomy in the Amazon region, which is formed by savanna-like vegetation on iron-rich soil (known locally as canga) located within an iron-ore mining region. We used the habitat template theory to test the hypothesis that changes in the physical-chemical properties of streams and the physical structure of their habitats at in-stream and micro-basin (landscape) levels affect the taxonomic and trophic composition of immature aquatic insects. For this, we used a local environmental matrix composed of nine physical-chemical and structural habitat variables, together with the Habitat Integrity Index. We also calculated landscape metrics based on the area of the micro-basin, such as relief, slope, mean current flow, and vegetation cover. We divided the aquatic insects into five functional feeding groups based on their diet and food sources. Our results indicate that changes in the trophic level of the insects of the orders Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera are more easily observed than the taxonomic structure of communities. The loss of environmental integrity and vegetation cover were responsible for 84% of the variation observed in the composition of functional feeding groups (FFGs). Our study shows that aquatic insect communities in the canga and in the Amazon regions dominated by forest require specific in-stream and landscape conditions. These findings reinforce the need for the preservation of areas of canga vegetation, which not only have a unique levels of biological diversity, but are also targeted for the exploitation of their economically valuable natural resources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Luiza-Andrade
- Graduate Program in Zoology, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Univ Federal do Pará/Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, Belém, Pará, Brasil.
| | - L S Brasil
- Graduate Program in Zoology, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Univ Federal do Pará/Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, Belém, Pará, Brasil
| | - N R Torres
- Graduate Program in Aquatic Ecology and Fisheries, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Univ Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brasil
| | - J Brito
- Graduate Program in Ecology, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Univ Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brasil
| | - R R Silva
- Graduate Program in Zoology, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Univ Federal do Pará/Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, Belém, Pará, Brasil
| | - L U Maioli
- Environmental Management, Vale S.A. Canaã dos Carajás, Carajás, Pará, Brasil
| | - M F Barbirato
- Environmental Management, Vale S.A. Canaã dos Carajás, Carajás, Pará, Brasil
| | - S G Rolim
- Project Coordination, Amplo Engenharia e Gestão de Projetos Ltd., Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - L Juen
- Graduate Program in Zoology, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Univ Federal do Pará/Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, Belém, Pará, Brasil
- Graduate Program in Ecology, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Univ Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Rocha L, Hegoburu C, Torremorell A, Feijoó C, Navarro E, Fernández HR. Use of ecosystem health indicators for assessing anthropogenic impacts on freshwaters in Argentina: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2020; 192:611. [PMID: 32870472 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-020-08559-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Indicators of ecosystem health are effective tools to assess freshwater ecosystem impairment. However, they are scarcely used as a monitoring tool by local environmental agencies in Argentina. Here, we review the literature to analyze the use of ecosystem health indicators in freshwaters from Argentina. We found 91 scientific articles relating to the use of ecological indices to assess the impact of different environmental stressors in aquatic environments published between 1996 and 2019. We generated Google Earth map where we deployed the sampling sites and type of indices reported by each article. As biological indices were the most used, we also surveyed bioindication experts to gather information on their application. We found that most studies were concentrated mainly in Pampas (34%), Dry Chaco (20%), Espinal (12%), and Patagonian Steppe (10%) ecoregions. Biological indices (mainly with invertebrates) were more used than geomorphological or physico-chemical indices. Indices resulted useful to evaluate the impact of stressors in 63% of cases, being land use the most studied stressor. However, sampling design varied greatly among studies, making their comparison difficult. The information compiled here could help to the design of monitoring protocols, the adoption of regional indices, and the creation of a national inventory of ecosystem health status, which are mandatory to propose well-grounded conservation and management policies for freshwaters in Argentina.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Rocha
- Aquatic Ecology Group (GIEA), INEDES (CONICET-UNLu), Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Luján, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Cecilia Hegoburu
- Freshwater Biogeochemistry Programme (BED), INEDES (CONICET-UNLu), Luján, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ana Torremorell
- Ecology Program of Protists and Fungi (PEPHON), INEDES (CONICET-UNLu), Luján, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Claudia Feijoó
- Ecology Program of Protists and Fungi (PEPHON), INEDES (CONICET-UNLu), Luján, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Enrique Navarro
- Pyrenean Institute of Ecology, Spanish National Research Council (IPE-CSIC), 50059, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Hugo R Fernández
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo, IBN (CONICET-UNT), San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|