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Aktar S, Islam ARMT, Mia MY, Jannat JN, Islam MS, Siddique MAB, Masud MAA, Idris AM, Pal SC, Senapathi V. Assessing metal(loid)s-Induced long-term spatiotemporal health risks in Coastal Regions, Bay of Bengal: A chemometric study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024:10.1007/s11356-024-33141-z. [PMID: 38625466 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33141-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Despite sporadic and irregular studies on heavy metal(loid)s health risks in water, fish, and soil in the coastal areas of the Bay of Bengal, no chemometric approaches have been applied to assess the human health risks comprehensively. This review aims to employ chemometric analysis to evaluate the long-term spatiotemporal health risks of metal(loid)s e.g., Fe, Mn, Zn, Cd, As, Cr, Pb, Cu, and Ni in coastal water, fish, and soils from 2003 to 2023. Across coastal parts, studies on metal(loid)s were distributed with 40% in the southeast, 28% in the south-central, and 32% in the southwest regions. The southeastern area exhibited the highest contamination levels, primarily due to elevated Zn content (156.8 to 147.2 mg/L for Mn in water, 15.3 to 13.2 mg/kg for Cu in fish, and 50.6 to 46.4 mg/kg for Ni in soil), except for a few sites in the south-central region. Health risks associated with the ingestion of Fe, As, and Cd (water), Ni, Cr, and Pb (fish), and Cd, Cr, and Pb (soil) were identified, with non-carcinogenic risks existing exclusively through this route. Moreover, As, Cr, and Ni pose cancer risks for adults and children via ingestion in the southeastern region. Overall non-carcinogenic risks emphasized a significantly higher risk for children compared to adults, with six, two-, and six-times higher health risks through ingestion of water, fish, and soils along the southeastern coast. The study offers innovative sustainable management strategies and remediation policies aimed at reducing metal(loid)s contamination in various environmental media along coastal Bangladesh.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shammi Aktar
- Department of Disaster Management, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur, 5400, Bangladesh
| | - Abu Reza Md Towfiqul Islam
- Department of Disaster Management, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur, 5400, Bangladesh.
- Department of Development Studies, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Yousuf Mia
- Department of Disaster Management, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur, 5400, Bangladesh
| | - Jannatun Nahar Jannat
- Department of Disaster Management, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur, 5400, Bangladesh
| | - Md Saiful Islam
- Department of Soil Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali, 8602, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abu Bakar Siddique
- Institute of National Analytical Research and Service (INARS), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhanmondi, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abdullah Al Masud
- School of Architecture, Civil, Environmental, and Energy Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Abubakr M Idris
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Subodh Chandra Pal
- Department of Geography, The University of Burdwan, Bardhaman, 713104, West Bengal, India
| | - Venkatramanan Senapathi
- PG and Research Department of Geology, National College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli, 620001, Tamil Nadu, India
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Islam MS, Islam MT, Antu UB, Saikat MSM, Ismail Z, Shahid S, Islam ARMT, Ali MM, Al Bakky A, Ahmed S, Ibrahim KA, Al-Qthanin RN, Idris AM. Contamination and ecological risk assessment of Cr, As, Cd and Pb in water and sediment of the southeastern Bay of Bengal coast in a developing country. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 197:115720. [PMID: 37939519 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Safe levels of heavy metals in the surface water and sediment of the eastern Bay of Bengal coast have not been universally established. Current study characterized heavy metals such as arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in surface water and sediments of the most important fishing resource at the eastern Bay of Bengal coast, Bangladesh. Both water and sediment samples were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer. Considering both of the seasons, the mean concentrations of Cr, As, Cd, and Pb in water samples were 33.25, 8.14, 0.48, and 21.14 μg/L, respectively and in sediment were 30.47, 4.48, 0.20, and 19.98 mg/kg, respectively. Heavy metals concentration in water samples surpassed the acceptable limits of usable water quality, indicating that water from this water resource is not safe for drinking, cooking, bathing, and any other uses. Enrichment factors also directed minor enrichment of heavy metals in sediment of the coast. Other indexes for ecological risk assessment such as pollution load index (PLI), contamination factor (CF), geoaccumulation index (Igeo), modified contamination degree (mCd), and potential ecological risk index (PERI) also indicated that sediment of the coastal watershed was low contamination. In-depth inventorying of heavy metals in both water and sediment of the study area are required to determine ecosystem health for holistic risk assessment and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Saiful Islam
- Department of Soil Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali 8602, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Towhidul Islam
- Department of Soil Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali 8602, Bangladesh
| | - Uttam Biswas Antu
- Department of Soil Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali 8602, Bangladesh
| | - Md Sadik Mahmud Saikat
- Department of Soil Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali 8602, Bangladesh
| | - Zulhilmi Ismail
- Centre for River and Coastal Engineering (CRCE), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), 81310 Johor Bahru, Malaysia; School of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), 81310 Johor Bahru, Malaysia.
| | - Shamsuddin Shahid
- Centre for River and Coastal Engineering (CRCE), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), 81310 Johor Bahru, Malaysia; School of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), 81310 Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| | - Abu Reza Md Towfiqul Islam
- Department of Disaster Management, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur, Bangladesh; Department of Development Studies, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Mir Mohammad Ali
- Department of Aquaculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Abdullah Al Bakky
- Agriculture Wing, Bangladesh Jute Research Institute, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Sujat Ahmed
- Environment, Center for People & Environ (CPE), Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Khalid A Ibrahim
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia; Center for Environment and Tourism Studies and Research, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rahmah N Al-Qthanin
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia; Center for Environment and Tourism Studies and Research, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abubakr M Idris
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia; Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia.
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Jannat JN, Mia MY, Jion MMMF, Islam MS, Ali MM, Siddique MAB, Rakib MRJ, Ibrahim SM, Pal SC, Costache R, Malafaia G, Islam ARMT. Pollution trends and ecological risks of heavy metal(loid)s in coastal zones of Bangladesh: A chemometric review. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 191:114960. [PMID: 37119588 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal(loid)s inputs contribute to human and environmental stresses in the coastal zones of Bangladesh. Several studies have been conducted on metal(loid)s pollution in sediment, soil, and water in the coastal zones. However, they are sporadic, and no attempt has been made in coastal zones from the standpoint of chemometric review. The current work aims to provide a chemometric assessment of the pollution trend of metal(loid)s, namely arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and nickel (Ni) in sediments, soils, and water across the coastal zones from 2015 to 2022. The findings showed that 45.7, 15.2, and 39.1 % of studies on heavy metal(loid)s were concentrated in the eastern, central, and western zones of coastal Bangladesh. The obtained data were further modeled using chemometric approaches, such as the contamination factor, pollution load index, geoaccumulation index, degree of contamination, Nemerow's pollution index, and ecological risk index. The results revealed that metal(loid)s, primarily Cd, have severely polluted the sediments (contamination factor, CF = 5.20) and soils (CF = 9.35) of coastal regions. Water was moderately polluted (Nemerow's pollution index, PN=5.22 ± 6.26) in the coastal area. The eastern zone was the most polluted compared to other zones, except for a few observations in the central zone. The overall ecological risks posed by metal(loid)s highlighted the significant ecological risk in sediments (ecological risk index, RI = 123.50) and soils (RI = 238.93) along the eastern coast. The coastal zone may have higher pollution levels due to the proximity of industrial effluent, residential sewage discharge, agricultural activities, sea transport, metallurgical industries, shipbreaking and recycling operations, and seaport activities, which are the major sources of metal(loid)s. This study will provide useful information to the relevant authorities and serve as the foundation for future management and policy decisions to reduce metal(loid) pollution in the coastal zones of southern Bangladesh.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jannatun Nahar Jannat
- Department of Disaster Management, Begum Bekeya University, Rangpur 5400, Bangladesh
| | - Md Yousuf Mia
- Department of Disaster Management, Begum Bekeya University, Rangpur 5400, Bangladesh
| | | | - Md Saiful Islam
- Department of Soil Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali 8602, Bangladesh
| | - Mir Mohammad Ali
- Department of Aquaculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abu Bakar Siddique
- Institute of National Analytical Research and Service (INARS), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhanmondi, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Md Refat Jahan Rakib
- Department of Fisheries and Marine Science, Faculty of Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Sobhy M Ibrahim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Subodh Chandra Pal
- Department of Geography, The University of Burdwan, Bardhaman 713104, West Bengal, India
| | - Romulus Costache
- Department of Civil Engineering, Transilvania University of Brasov, 5, Turnului Str, 500152 Brasov, Romania; Danube Delta National Institute for Research and Development,165 Babadag Street, 820112 Tulcea, Romania.
| | - Guilherme Malafaia
- Post-Graduation Program in Conservation of Cerrado Natural Resources, Goiano Federal Institute, Urutaí, GO, Brazil; Post-Graduation Program in Ecology, Conservation, and Biodiversity, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil; Post-Graduation Program in Biotechnology and Biodiversity, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Abu Reza Md Towfiqul Islam
- Department of Disaster Management, Begum Bekeya University, Rangpur 5400, Bangladesh; Department of Development Studies, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1216, Bangladesh.
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