1
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Luther DA, Wolfe JD, Johnson E, Stouffer PC, Batchelor J, Tarwater CE. Habitat use of Amazonian birds varies by age and foraging guild along a disturbance gradient. Proc Biol Sci 2024; 291:20240866. [PMID: 38808444 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2024.0866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Patterns of habitat use directly influence a species' fitness, yet for many species an individual's age can influence patterns of habitat use. However, in tropical rainforests, which host the greatest terrestrial species diversity, little is known about how age classes of different species use different adjacent habitats of varying quality. We use long-term mist net data from the Amazon rainforest to assess patterns of habitat use among adult, adolescent (teenage) and young understory birds in forest fragments, primary and secondary forest at the Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project in Brazil. Insectivore adults were most common in primary forest, adolescents were equally likely in primary and secondary forest, and all ages were the least common in forest fragments. In contrast to insectivores, frugivores and omnivores showed no differences among all three habitat types. Our results illustrate potential ideal despotic distributions among breeding populations of some guilds of understory birds where adult insectivores may competitively exclude adolescent individuals from primary forest. Secondary forest recovery appears to hold promise as a breeding habitat for frugivore and omnivore species but only as a pre-breeding habitat for insectivores, but as the forest ages, the demographic structure of bird populations should match that of primary forest.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Luther
- Biology Department, George Mason University, 4400 University Dr, Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA
| | - Jared D Wolfe
- College of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA
| | | | - Philip C Stouffer
- School of Renewable Natural Resources, Louisiana State University and Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Jacquelyn Batchelor
- Biology Department, George Mason University, 4400 University Dr, Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA
| | - Corey E Tarwater
- Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
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2
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Jarzyna MA, Stagge JH. Decoupled spatiotemporal patterns of avian taxonomic and functional diversity. Curr Biol 2023; 33:1153-1161.e4. [PMID: 36822204 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.01.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Each year, seasonal bird migration leads to an immense redistribution of species occurrence and abundances,1,2,3 with pervasive, though unclear, consequences for patterns of multi-faceted avian diversity. Here, we uncover stark disparities in spatiotemporal variation between avian taxonomic diversity (TD) and functional diversity (FD) across the continental US. We show that the seasonality of species richness expectedly3 follows a latitudinal gradient, whereas seasonality of FD instead manifests a distinct east-west gradient. In the eastern US, the temporal patterns of TD and FD are diametrically opposed. In winter, functional richness is highest despite seasonal species loss, and the remaining most abundant species are amassed in fewer regions of the functional space relative to the rest of the year, likely reflecting decreased resource availability. In contrast, temporal signatures for TD and FD are more congruent in the western US. There, both species and functional richness peak during the breeding season, and species' abundances are more regularly distributed and widely spread across the functional space than during winter. Our results suggest that migratory birds in the western US disproportionately contribute to avian FD by possessing more unique trait characteristics than resident birds,4,5 while the primary contribution of migrants in the eastern US is through increasing the regularity of abundances within the functional space relative to the rest of the year. We anticipate that the uncovered complexity of spatiotemporal associations among measures of avian diversity will be the catalyst for adopting an explicitly temporal framework for multi-faceted biodiversity analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta A Jarzyna
- Department of Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Translational Data Analytics Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - James H Stagge
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Geodetic Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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3
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Jedlicka JA, Philpott SM, Baena ML, Bichier P, Dietsch TV, Nute LH, Langridge SM, Perfecto I, Greenberg R. Differences in insectivore bird diets in coffee agroecosystems driven by obligate or generalist guild, shade management, season, and year. PeerJ 2021; 9:e12296. [PMID: 34760362 PMCID: PMC8556712 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Neotropical shade-grown coffee systems are renowned for their potential to conserve avian biodiversity. Yet, little is known about food resources consumed by insectivorous birds in these systems, the extent of resource competition between resident and migratory birds, or how management of shade trees might influence diet selection. We identified arthropods in stomach contents from obligate and generalist insectivorous birds captured in mist-nets at five coffee farms in Chiapas, Mexico between 2001-2003. Overall stomach contents from 938 individuals revealed dietary differences resulting from changes in seasons, years, and foraging guilds. Of four species sampled across all management systems, Yellow-green Vireo (Vireo flavoviridis) prey differed depending on coffee shade management, consuming more ants in shaded monoculture than polyculture systems. Diets of obligate and generalist resident insectivores were 72% dissimilar with obligate insectivores consuming more Coleoptera and Araneae, and generalist insectivores consuming more Formicidae and other Hymenoptera. This suggests that obligate insectivores target more specialized prey whereas generalist insectivores rely on less favorable, chemically-defended prey found in clumped distributions. Our dataset provides important natural history data for many Nearctic-Neotropical migrants such as Tennessee Warbler (Leiothlypis peregrina; N = 163), Nashville Warbler (Leiothlypis ruficapilla; N = 69), and Swainson's Thrush (Catharus ustulatus; N = 68) and tropical residents including Red-legged Honeycreepers (Cyanerpes cyaneus; N = 70) and Rufous-capped Warblers (Basileuterus rufifrons; N = 56). With declining arthropod populations worldwide, understanding the ecological interactions between obligate and generalist avian insectivores gives researchers the tools to evaluate community stability and inform conservation efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie A Jedlicka
- Department of Biology, Missouri Western State University, Saint Joseph, Missouri, USA
| | - Stacy M Philpott
- Environmental Studies Department, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, United States
| | - Martha L Baena
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Peter Bichier
- Environmental Studies Department, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, United States
| | - Thomas V Dietsch
- Migratory Bird Program, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Services, Carlsbad, California, USA
| | - Laney H Nute
- Department of Biology, Missouri Western State University, Saint Joseph, Missouri, USA
| | - Suzanne M Langridge
- Paulson Ecology of Place Initiative, Wellesley College, Wellesley, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Ivette Perfecto
- School for Environment and Sustainability, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
| | - Russell Greenberg
- Smithsonian Migratory Bird Center, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
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4
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Glaum P, Wood TJ, Morris JR, Valdovinos FS. Phenology and flowering overlap drive specialisation in plant-pollinator networks. Ecol Lett 2021; 24:2648-2659. [PMID: 34532944 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Variation in dietary specialisation stems from fundamental interactions between species and their environment. Consequently, understanding the drivers of this variation is key to understanding ecological and evolutionary processes. Dietary specialisation in wild bees has received attention due to their close mutualistic dependence on plants, and because both groups are threatened by biodiversity loss. Many principles governing pollinator specialisation have been identified, but they remain largely unvalidated. Organismal phenology has the potential to structure realised specialisation by determining concurrent resource availability and pollinator foraging activity. We evaluate this principle using mechanistic models of adaptive foraging in pollinators within plant-pollinator networks. While temporal resource overlap has little impact on specialisation in pollinators with extended flight periods, reduced overlap increases specialisation as pollinator flight periods decrease. These results are corroborated empirically using pollen load data taken from bees with shorter and longer flight periods across environments with high and low temporal resource overlap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Glaum
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California-Davis, Davis, California, USA.,Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Thomas J Wood
- Laboratory of Zoology, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Jonathan R Morris
- School for Environment and Sustainability, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Fernanda S Valdovinos
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California-Davis, Davis, California, USA.,Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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5
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Shogren EH, Jones MA, Boyle WA. Dancing in the rain: how do abiotic conditions influence sexually selected behaviors in the White-ruffed Manakin? Integr Comp Biol 2021; 61:1329-1342. [PMID: 34015118 DOI: 10.1093/icb/icab085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tropical animals respond to rainfall in population-specific ways. In extremely wet regions, endotherms experience heavy rains as stressors with consequences for behavior and demography. Ultimately, such stressors can affect the relative strength of abiotic selection, reducing the scope for sexual selection and other biotic sources of selection. We studied population-level differences in the response to rainfall in White-ruffed Manakins (Corapipo altera) on the Caribbean slope of Costa Rica, a species having a lek mating system subject to strong sexual selection. Between 2008 and 2013, we studied reproductive behavior in a population inhabiting an extremely wet site; estimates of apparent survival were low, and the turnover of display courts and dominant males was high. Males also engaged in coordinated display, and sub-adult males practiced in the presence of adults. Over three breeding seasons (2017-2019), we studied a population of the same species at a site only 110 km away, but in a location receiving roughly half as much rain. We tested behavioral predictions of three alternative mechanisms-indirect abiotic effects, direct mortality effects, and direct behavioral effects-linking rainfall to sexual selection in these two populations. Data derived from over 4300 hr of observations at 105 display sites revealed high interannual variation in nearly all response variables, including turnover of display sites, retention of alpha status, male display behavior, and time females spent assessing male display. Additionally, we detected spatial differences in drivers of display site turnover. Notably, age distribution of males was skewed toward older individuals at the drier location. Based on these findings we infer that indirect abiotic effects on forest structure leading to display site transience and direct effects of mortality increasing turnover in the male population likely underlie links between rain and the spatial and temporal differences we documented. Our results are consistent with rain constituting an important source of abiotic selection for tropical endotherms and modulating the scope for sexual selection near the extremes of a species' hygric niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsie H Shogren
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA
| | | | - W Alice Boyle
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
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6
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Bodawatta KH, Freiberga I, Puzejova K, Sam K, Poulsen M, Jønsson KA. Flexibility and resilience of great tit (Parus major) gut microbiomes to changing diets. Anim Microbiome 2021; 3:20. [PMID: 33602335 PMCID: PMC7893775 DOI: 10.1186/s42523-021-00076-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gut microbial communities play important roles in nutrient management and can change in response to host diets. The extent of this flexibility and the concomitant resilience is largely unknown in wild animals. To untangle the dynamics of avian-gut microbiome symbiosis associated with diet changes, we exposed Parus major (Great tits) fed with a standard diet (seeds and mealworms) to either a mixed (seeds, mealworms and fruits), a seed, or a mealworm diet for 4 weeks, and examined the flexibility of gut microbiomes to these compositionally different diets. To assess microbiome resilience (recovery potential), all individuals were subsequently reversed to a standard diet for another 4 weeks. Cloacal microbiomes were collected weekly and characterised through sequencing the v4 region of the 16S rRNA gene using Illumina MiSeq. Results Initial microbiomes changed significantly with the diet manipulation, but the communities did not differ significantly between the three diet groups (mixed, seed and mealworm), despite multiple diet-specific changes in certain bacterial genera. Reverting birds to the standard diet led only to a partial recovery in gut community compositions. The majority of the bacterial taxa that increased significantly during diet manipulation decreased in relative abundance after reversion to the standard diet; however, bacterial taxa that decreased during the manipulation rarely increased after diet reversal Conclusions The gut microbial response and partial resilience to dietary changes support that gut bacterial communities of P. major play a role in accommodating dietary changes experienced by wild avian hosts. This may be a contributing factor to the relaxed association between microbiome composition and the bird phylogeny. Our findings further imply that interpretations of wild bird gut microbiome analyses from single-time point sampling, especially for omnivorous species or species with seasonally changing diets, should be done with caution. The partial community recovery implies that ecologically relevant diet changes (e.g., seasonality and migration) open up gut niches that may be filled by previously abundant microbes or replaced by different symbiont lineages, which has important implications for the integrity and specificity of long-term avian-symbiont associations. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s42523-021-00076-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasun H Bodawatta
- Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Inga Freiberga
- Biology Centre of Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Puzejova
- Biology Centre of Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Sam
- Biology Centre of Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Michael Poulsen
- Section for Ecology and Evolution, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Knud A Jønsson
- Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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7
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Identifying Microbiome-Mediated Behaviour in Wild Vertebrates. Trends Ecol Evol 2020; 35:972-980. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2020.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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8
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Yule KM, Johnson CA, Bronstein JL, Ferrière R. Interactions among interactions: The dynamical consequences of antagonism between mutualists. J Theor Biol 2020; 501:110334. [PMID: 32492378 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2020.110334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Species often interact with multiple mutualistic partners that provide functionally different benefits and/or that interact with different life-history stages. These functionally different partners, however, may also interact directly with one another in other ways, indirectly altering net outcomes and persistence of the mutualistic system as a whole. We present a population dynamical model of a three-species system involving antagonism between species sharing a mutualist partner species with two explicit life stages. We find that, regardless of whether the antagonism is predatory or non-consumptive, persistence of the shared mutualist is possible only under a restrictive set of conditions. As the rate of antagonism between the species sharing the mutualist increases, indirect rather than direct interactions increasingly determine species' densities and sometimes result in complex, oscillatory dynamics for all species. Surprisingly, persistence of the mutualistic system is particularly dependent upon the degree to which each of the two mutualistic interactions is specialized. Our work investigates a novel mechanism by which changing ecological conditions can lead to extinction of mutualist partners and provides testable predictions regarding the interactive roles of mutualism and antagonism in net outcomes for species' densities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey M Yule
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, P.O. Box 210088, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.
| | - Christopher A Johnson
- Center for Adaptation to a Changing Environment, Institute of Integrative Biology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zürich Universitäetstrasse 16, Zürich 8092, Switzerland
| | - Judith L Bronstein
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, P.O. Box 210088, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Régis Ferrière
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, P.O. Box 210088, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; Eco-Evo-Math Team, Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, 46 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France; International Research Laboratory for Interdisciplinary Global Environmental Studies (iGLOBES), University of Arizona, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris Sciences & Lettres University, 845 N Park Avenue, AZ 85721, USA
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9
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Pageau C, Vale MM, de Menezes MA, Barçante L, Shaikh M, S. Alves MA, Reudink MW. Evolution of altitudinal migration in passerines is linked to diet. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:3338-3345. [PMID: 32273991 PMCID: PMC7141039 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Bird migration is typically associated with a latitudinal movement from north to south and vice versa. However, many bird species migrate seasonally with an upslope or downslope movement in a process termed altitudinal migration. Globally, 830 of the 6,579 Passeriformes species are considered altitudinal migrants and this pattern has emerged multiple times across 77 families of this order. Recent work has indicated an association between altitudinal migration and diet, but none have looked at diet as a potential evolutionary driver. Here, we investigated potential evolutionary drivers of altitudinal migration in passerines around the world by using phylogenetic comparative methods. We tested for evolutionary associations between altitudinal migration and foraging guild and primary habitat preference in passerines species worldwide. Our results indicate that foraging guild is evolutionarily associated with altitudinal migration, but this relationship varies across zoogeographical regions. In the Nearctic, herbivorous and omnivorous species are associated with altitudinal migration, while only omnivorous species are associated with altitudinal migration in the Palearctic. Habitat was not strongly linked to the evolution of altitudinal migration. While our results point to diet as a potentially important driver of altitudinal migration, the evolution of this behavior is complex and certainly driven by multiple factors. Altitudinal migration varies in its use (for breeding or molting), within a species, population, and even at the individual level. As such, the evolution of altitudinal migration is likely driven by an ensemble of factors, but this study provides a beginning framework for understanding the evolution of this complex behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudie Pageau
- Department of Biological SciencesThompson Rivers UniversityKamloopsBCCanada
| | - Mariana M. Vale
- Ecology DepartmentFederal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil
- National Institutes for Science and Technology in Ecology, Evolution and Biodiversity ConservationGoiásBrazil
| | - Marcio Argollo de Menezes
- Physics InstituteFluminense Federal UniversityNiteroiBrazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Complex SystemsRio de JaneiroBrazil
| | - Luciana Barçante
- Programa de Pós‐graduação em Ecologia e EvoluçãoUniversidade do Estado do Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil
| | - Mateen Shaikh
- Department of Mathematics & StatisticsThompson Rivers UniversityKamloopsBCCanada
| | - Maria Alice S. Alves
- Departamento de EcologiaUniversidade do Estado do Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil
| | - Matthew W. Reudink
- Department of Biological SciencesThompson Rivers UniversityKamloopsBCCanada
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10
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Winger BM, Auteri GG, Pegan TM, Weeks BC. A long winter for the Red Queen: rethinking the evolution of seasonal migration. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2018; 94:737-752. [PMID: 30393938 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
This paper advances an hypothesis that the primary adaptive driver of seasonal migration is maintenance of site fidelity to familiar breeding locations. We argue that seasonal migration is therefore principally an adaptation for geographic persistence when confronted with seasonality - analogous to hibernation, freeze tolerance, or other organismal adaptations to cyclically fluctuating environments. These ideas stand in contrast to traditional views that bird migration evolved as an adaptive dispersal strategy for exploiting new breeding areas and avoiding competitors. Our synthesis is supported by a large body of research on avian breeding biology that demonstrates the reproductive benefits of breeding-site fidelity. Conceptualizing migration as an adaptation for persistence places new emphasis on understanding the evolutionary trade-offs between migratory behaviour and other adaptations to fluctuating environments both within and across species. Seasonality-induced departures from breeding areas, coupled with the reproductive benefits of maintaining breeding-site fidelity, also provide a mechanism for explaining the evolution of migration that is agnostic to the geographic origin of migratory lineages (i.e. temperate or tropical). Thus, our framework reconciles much of the conflict in previous research on the historical biogeography of migratory species. Although migratory behaviour and geographic range change fluidly and rapidly in many populations, we argue that the loss of plasticity for migration via canalization is an overlooked aspect of the evolutionary dynamics of migration and helps explain the idiosyncratic distributions and migratory routes of long-distance migrants. Our synthesis, which revolves around the insight that migratory organisms travel long distances simply to stay in the same place, provides a necessary evolutionary context for understanding historical biogeographic patterns in migratory lineages as well as the ecological dynamics of migratory connectivity between breeding and non-breeding locations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin M Winger
- Museum of Zoology and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, U.S.A
| | - Giorgia G Auteri
- Museum of Zoology and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, U.S.A
| | - Teresa M Pegan
- Museum of Zoology and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, U.S.A
| | - Brian C Weeks
- Museum of Zoology and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, U.S.A
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11
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Hsiung AC, Boyle WA, Cooper RJ, Chandler RB. Altitudinal migration: ecological drivers, knowledge gaps, and conservation implications. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2018; 93:2049-2070. [DOI: 10.1111/brv.12435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- An C. Hsiung
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources; University of Georgia; 180 E. Green Street, Athens GA 30602 U.S.A
| | - W. Alice Boyle
- Division of Biology; Kansas State University; 116 Ackert Hall Manhattan KS 66506-4901 U.S.A
| | - Robert J. Cooper
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources; University of Georgia; 180 E. Green Street, Athens GA 30602 U.S.A
| | - Richard B. Chandler
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources; University of Georgia; 180 E. Green Street, Athens GA 30602 U.S.A
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12
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Partial altitudinal migration of a Himalayan Forest pheasant. PLoS One 2013; 8:e60979. [PMID: 23658608 PMCID: PMC3637220 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0060979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2012] [Accepted: 03/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Altitudinal migration systems are poorly understood. Recent advances in animal telemetry which enables tracking of migrants across their annual cycles will help illustrate unknown migration patterns and test existing hypotheses. Using telemetry, we show the existence of a complex partial altitudinal migration system in the Himalayas and discuss our findings to help better understand partial and altitudinal migration. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We used GPS/accelerometer tags to monitor the migration of Satyr tragopan (Tragopan satyra) in the Bhutan Himalayas. We tagged 38 birds from 2009 - 2011 and found that tragopans are partially migratory. Fall migration lasted from the 3(rd) week of September till the 3(rd) week of November with migrants traveling distances ranging from 1.25 km to 13.5 km over 1 to 32 days. Snowfall did not influence the onset of migration. Return migration started by the 1(st) week of March and lasted until the 1(st) week of April. Individuals returned within 4 to 10 days and displayed site fidelity. One bird switched from being a migrant to a non-migrant. Tragopans displayed three main migration patterns: 1) crossing multiple mountains; 2) descending/ascending longitudinally; 3) moving higher up in winter and lower down in summer. More females migrated than males; but, within males, body size was not a factor for predicting migrants. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE Our observations of migrants traversing over multiple mountain ridges and even of others climbing to higher elevations is novel. We support the need for existing hypotheses to consider how best to explain inter- as well as intra-sexual differences. Most importantly, having shown that the patterns of an altitudinal migration system are complex and not a simple up and down slope movement, we hope our findings will influence the way altitudinal migrations are perceived and thereby contribute to a better understanding of how species may respond to climate change.
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13
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Boyle WA. Short-distance partial migration of Neotropical birds: a community-level test of the foraging limitation hypothesis. OIKOS 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0706.2011.19432.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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