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Danielski C, Brucalassi A, Benatti S, Campante T, Delgado-Mena E, Rainer M, Sacco G, Adibekyan V, Biazzo K, Bossini D, Bruno G, Casali G, Kabath P, Magrini L, Micela G, Morello G, Palladino P, Sanna N, Sarkar S, Sousa S, Tsantaki M, Turrini D, Van der Swaelmen M. The homogeneous characterisation of Ariel host stars. EXPERIMENTAL ASTRONOMY 2021; 53:473-510. [PMID: 34276136 PMCID: PMC8275920 DOI: 10.1007/s10686-021-09765-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The Ariel mission will characterise the chemical and thermal properties of the atmospheres of about a thousand exoplanets transiting their host star(s). The observation of such a large sample of planets will allow to deepen our understanding of planetary and atmospheric formation at the early stages, providing a truly representative picture of the chemical nature of exoplanets, and relating this directly to the type and chemical environment of the host star. Hence, the accurate and precise determination of the host star fundamental properties is essential to Ariel for drawing a comprehensive picture of the underlying essence of these planetary systems. We present here a structured approach for the characterisation of Ariel stars that accounts for the concepts of homogeneity and coherence among a large set of stellar parameters. We present here the studies and benchmark analyses we have been performing to determine robust stellar fundamental parameters, elemental abundances, activity indices, and stellar ages. In particular, we present results for the homogeneous estimation of the activity indices S and log ( R HK ' ) , and preliminary results for elemental abundances of Na, Al, Mg, Si, C, N. In addition, we analyse the variation of a planetary spectrum, obtained with Ariel, as a function of the uncertainty on the stellar effective temperature. Finally, we present our observational campaign for precisely and homogeneously characterising all Ariel stars in order to perform a meaningful choice of final targets before the mission launch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Danielski
- UCL Centre for Space Exochemistry Data, Fermi Avenue, Harwell Campus, Didcot, OX11 0QR UK
- Present Address: Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA-CSIC), Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Anna Brucalassi
- INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, Largo E. Fermi 5, 50125 Firenze, Italy
| | - Serena Benatti
- INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Palermo, Piazza del Parlamento 1, 90134 Palermo, Italy
| | - Tiago Campante
- Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, Universidade do Porto, CAUP, Rua das Estrelas, 4150-762 Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Física e Astronomia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Elisa Delgado-Mena
- Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, Universidade do Porto, CAUP, Rua das Estrelas, 4150-762 Porto, Portugal
| | - Monica Rainer
- INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, Largo E. Fermi 5, 50125 Firenze, Italy
| | - Germano Sacco
- INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, Largo E. Fermi 5, 50125 Firenze, Italy
| | - Vardan Adibekyan
- Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, Universidade do Porto, CAUP, Rua das Estrelas, 4150-762 Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Física e Astronomia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Katia Biazzo
- INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, Via di Frascati, 33, I-00044 Monte Porzio Catone, Italy
| | - Diego Bossini
- Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, Universidade do Porto, CAUP, Rua das Estrelas, 4150-762 Porto, Portugal
| | - Giovanni Bruno
- INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Giada Casali
- INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, Largo E. Fermi 5, 50125 Firenze, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia Augusto Righi, Università degli Studi di Bologna, Via Gobetti 93/2, I-40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Petr Kabath
- Astronomical Institute, Czech Academy of Science, Fric̆ova, 298 251 65 Ondr̆ejov, Czech Republic
| | - Laura Magrini
- INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, Largo E. Fermi 5, 50125 Firenze, Italy
| | - Giusi Micela
- INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Palermo, Piazza del Parlamento 1, 90134 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Morello
- AIM, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Pietro Palladino
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica Emilio Segré, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17, 90128 PALERMO, PA Italy
| | - Nicoletta Sanna
- INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, Largo E. Fermi 5, 50125 Firenze, Italy
| | - Subhajit Sarkar
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University, The Parade, Cardiff, CF24 3AA UK
| | - Sérgio Sousa
- Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, Universidade do Porto, CAUP, Rua das Estrelas, 4150-762 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Tsantaki
- INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, Largo E. Fermi 5, 50125 Firenze, Italy
| | - Diego Turrini
- Institute of Space Astrophysics and Planetology INAF-IAPS, Via Fosso del Cavaliere 100, Rome, Italy
- INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino, Via Osservatorio 20, I-10025 Pino Torinese, Italy
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