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Zhang Y, Wu H, Yu Z, Li L, Zhang J, Liang X, Huang Q. Germline variants profiling of BRCA1 and BRCA2 in Chinese Hakka breast and ovarian cancer patients. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:842. [PMID: 35918668 PMCID: PMC9347172 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09943-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the prevalence and spectrum of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in Chinese Hakka patients with breast and ovarian cancer. Methods A total of 1,664 breast or ovarian cancer patients were enrolled for genetic testing at our hospital. Germline mutations of the BRCA gene were analysed by next-generation sequencing, including the coding regions and exon intron boundary regions. Results The 1,664 patients included 1,415 (85.04%) breast cancer patients and 245 (14.72%) ovarian cancer patients, while four (0.24%) patients had both the breast and ovarian cancers. A total of 151 variants, including 71 BRCA1 variants and 80 BRCA2 variants, were detected in the 234 (14.06%) patients. The 151 variants included 58 pathogenic variants, 8 likely pathogenic variants, and 85 variants of unknown significance (VUS). A total of 56.25% (18/32) and 65.38% (17/26) of pathogenic variants (likely pathogenic variants are not included) were distributed in exon 14 of BRCA1 and exon 11 of BRCA2, respectively. The most common pathogenic variants among this Hakka population are c.2635G > T (p.Glu879*) (n = 7) in the BRCA1 gene and c.5164_5165del (p.Ser1722Tyrfs*4) (n = 7) in the BRCA2 gene among the Hakka population. A hotspot mutation in the Chinese population, the BRCA1 c.5470_5477del variant was not found in this Hakka population. The prevalence and spectrum of variants in the BRCA genes in the Hakka patients are different from that in other ethnic groups. Conclusions The most common pathogenic variant in this population is c.2635G > T in the BRCA1 gene, and c.5164_5165delAG in the BRCA2 gene in this population. The prevalence and spectrum of variants in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes in the Hakka patients from southern China are different from those in other ethnic groups. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-022-09943-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunuo Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, China.,Center for Precision Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka Population, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, No 63 Huangtang Road, Meijiang District, Meizhou, 514031, People's Republic of China
| | - Heming Wu
- Center for Precision Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka Population, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, No 63 Huangtang Road, Meijiang District, Meizhou, 514031, People's Republic of China.,Center for Precision Medicine, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, China.,Meizhou Municipal Engineering and Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics of Major Genetic Disorders, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, China
| | - Zhikang Yu
- Center for Precision Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka Population, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, No 63 Huangtang Road, Meijiang District, Meizhou, 514031, People's Republic of China.,Center for Precision Medicine, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, China.,Meizhou Municipal Engineering and Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics of Major Genetic Disorders, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, China
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, China.,Center for Precision Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka Population, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, No 63 Huangtang Road, Meijiang District, Meizhou, 514031, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinhong Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, China.,Center for Precision Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka Population, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, No 63 Huangtang Road, Meijiang District, Meizhou, 514031, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinhong Liang
- Center for Precision Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka Population, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, No 63 Huangtang Road, Meijiang District, Meizhou, 514031, People's Republic of China.,Radiology department, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, China
| | - Qingyan Huang
- Center for Precision Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka Population, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, No 63 Huangtang Road, Meijiang District, Meizhou, 514031, People's Republic of China. .,Center for Precision Medicine, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, China. .,Meizhou Municipal Engineering and Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics of Major Genetic Disorders, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, China.
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Aleksakhina SN, Imyanitov EN. Cancer Therapy Guided by Mutation Tests: Current Status and Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222010931. [PMID: 34681592 PMCID: PMC8536080 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222010931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The administration of many cancer drugs is tailored to genetic tests. Some genomic events, e.g., alterations of EGFR or BRAF oncogenes, result in the conformational change of the corresponding proteins and call for the use of mutation-specific compounds. Other genetic perturbations, e.g., HER2 amplifications, ALK translocations or MET exon 14 skipping mutations, cause overproduction of the entire protein or its kinase domain. There are multilocus assays that provide integrative characteristics of the tumor genome, such as the analysis of tumor mutation burden or deficiency of DNA repair. Treatment planning for non-small cell lung cancer requires testing for EGFR, ALK, ROS1, BRAF, MET, RET and KRAS gene alterations. Colorectal cancer patients need to undergo KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, HER2 and microsatellite instability analysis. The genomic examination of breast cancer includes testing for HER2 amplification and PIK3CA activation. Melanomas are currently subjected to BRAF and, in some instances, KIT genetic analysis. Predictive DNA assays have also been developed for thyroid cancers, cholangiocarcinomas and urinary bladder tumors. There is an increasing utilization of agnostic testing which involves the analysis of all potentially actionable genes across all tumor types. The invention of genomically tailored treatment has resulted in a spectacular improvement in disease outcomes for a significant portion of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana N. Aleksakhina
- Department of Tumor Growth Biology, N.N. Petrov Institute of Oncology, 197758 Saint-Petersburg, Russia;
- Department of Medical Genetics, St.-Petersburg Pediatric Medical University, 194100 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Evgeny N. Imyanitov
- Department of Tumor Growth Biology, N.N. Petrov Institute of Oncology, 197758 Saint-Petersburg, Russia;
- Department of Medical Genetics, St.-Petersburg Pediatric Medical University, 194100 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-812-439-95-28
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