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Zhang B, Yu C, Xu Y, Huang Z, Cai Y, Li Y. Hepatopancreas immune response during different photoperiods in the Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 132:108482. [PMID: 36503058 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.108482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Photoperiod plays an important role in the growth, development, and metabolism of crustaceans. The growth and reproduction of crabs are closely related to the photoperiod. The hepatopancreas is an important source of innate immune molecules; however, hepatopancreatic patterns of gene expression depending on the photoperiod-which may underlie changes in immune mechanisms-remain unknown. To study the molecular basis of immune regulation in the Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) under different light conditions, a new generation of high-throughput Illumina sequencing technology was used, and functional genes associated with immune function in the hepatopancreas of this crab were explored via assembly of high-quality sequences, gene annotation, and classification. A total of 383,899,798 clean reads from the hepatopancreas of the normal group (12 h/12 h L:D), 387,936,676 clean reads from the continuous light group (24 h/0 h L:D), and 384,872,734 clean reads from the continuous darkness group (0 h/24 h L:D) were obtained. Compared with the normal group, 141, 152, 60, 87, 90, and 101 differentially expressed genes were identified in the groups exposed to continuous light for 2 days, continuous darkness for 2 days, continuous light for 4 days, continuous darkness for 4 days, continuous light for 6 days, and continuous darkness for 6 days, respectively. The results of this study revealed that under continuous light and dark conditions, the crabs were most affected by light on day 2, but the interference gradually decreased with time. We suggest that long-term light or dark treatment makes crabs adaptable to fluctuations in the photoperiod. The expression of genes associated with immune response patterns was found to change during different photoperiods. Prophenoloxidase (proPO) and serine proteinase (kazal-type serine proteinase inhibitor 1 and serine proteinase inhibitor-3) in the proPO-activating system were significantly upregulated in the 2-day continuous light group. Glutathione peroxidase 3 was significantly downregulated under continuous light exposure, while cyclooxygenase was upregulated in the continuous light and dark environments. These results provide insights into the molecular mechanism underlying the effects of the photoperiod on immune regulation and the physiological activity of E. sinensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoli Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, 110866, Shenyang, China
| | - Changyue Yu
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, 110866, Shenyang, China
| | - Yingkai Xu
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, 110866, Shenyang, China
| | - Ziwei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, 110866, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuqiao Cai
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, 110866, Shenyang, China
| | - Yingdong Li
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, 110866, Shenyang, China.
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Cavallino L, Rincón L, Scaia MF. Social behaviors as welfare indicators in teleost fish. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1050510. [PMID: 37168096 PMCID: PMC10164990 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1050510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Animal welfare is a key issue not only for aquaculture industry and food production, but also for daily husbandry practices in research topics related to physiology in wild and farmed animals. In this context, teleost fish constitute interesting models to assess alternative welfare indicators because of their wide diversity in reproductive and social structures. Any framework for assessing teleost fish welfare needs to account for the physiological mechanisms involved in each species as a first step. A comprehensive approach should also take into account how these physiological and behavioral parameters can be altered by environmental enrichment considering the specific requirements in each case and identifying intrinsic biological characteristics of individual species. This review will show how cortisol and sex steroids regulate social behavior in teleost fish, and how different aspects of social behavior can be employed as welfare indicators according to specific characteristics in each case. This article will consider evidence in teleost fish, including cichlids, characids and cyprinids with different reproductive strategies and social structures (e.g., territorial social hierarchies or shoaling behavior). Neotropical species will be particularly emphasized. The main laboratory-based animal welfare indicators are cortisol, a classical stress hormone, together with sex steroids. Considering that the endocrine landscape is intrinsically related to social behavior, reproductive and agonistic behavioral traits such as aggression, anxiety and courtship are key elements to assess welfare under housing and culture conditions. This review highlights the importance of assessing physiological mechanisms and identifying behavioral characteristics in teleost fish, especially in Neotropical species, as a baseline to understand which environmental enrichment can improve animal welfare in each individual species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano Cavallino
- Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada – CONICET, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Neuroendocrinología y Comportamiento, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Laura Rincón
- Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada – CONICET, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Neuroendocrinología y Comportamiento, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Florencia Scaia
- Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada – CONICET, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Neuroendocrinología y Comportamiento, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- *Correspondence: María Florencia Scaia,
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Khan NA, Ninawe AS, Sharma J, Chakrabarti R. Effect of light intensity on survival, growth and physiology of rohu,Labeo rohita(Cyprinidae) fry. Int J Radiat Biol 2020; 96:552-559. [DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2020.1704905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nawaz Alam Khan
- Aqua Research Lab, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | | | - JaiGopal Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, New Delhi, India
| | - Rina Chakrabarti
- Aqua Research Lab, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
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