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Grabowska AI, Boroń A, Kirtiklis L, Spóz A, Juchno D, Kotusz J. Chromosomal inheritance of parental rDNAs distribution pattern detected by FISH in diploid F 1 hybrid progeny of Cobitis (Teleostei, Cobitidae) species has non-Mendelian character. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2020; 96:261-273. [PMID: 31755097 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.14216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to describe the major and the minor rDNA chromosome distribution in the spined loach Cobitis taenia (2n = 48) and the Danubian loach Cobitis elongatoides (2n = 50), and their laboratory-produced diploid reciprocal F1 hybrid progeny. It was tested by fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) whether the number of 28s and 5s rDNA sites in the karyotypes of diploid hybrids corresponds to the expectations resulting from Mendelian ratio and if nucleolar organiser regions (NOR)were inherited from both parents or nucleolar dominance can be observed in the induced F1 hybrid progeny. Ten (females) or twelve (males) 28s rDNA loci were located in nine uniarm chromosomes of C. taenia. Two of such loci terminally bounded on one acrocentric chromosome were unique and indicated as specific for this species. Large 5s rDNA clusters were located on two acrocentric chromosomes. In C. elongatoides of both sexes, six NOR sites in terminal regions on six meta-submetacentric chromosomes and two 5s rDNA sites on large submetacentrics were detected. The F1 hybrid progeny (2n = 49) was characterised by the intermediate karyotype with the sites of ribosome synthesis on chromosomes inherited from both parents without showing nucleolar dominance. 5s rDNA sites were detected on large submetacentric and two acrocentric chromosomes. The observed number of both 28s and 5s rDNAs signals in F1 diploid Cobitis hybrids was disproportionally inherited from the two parental species, showing inconsistency with the Mendelian ratios. The presented rDNA patterns indicate some marker chromosomes that allow the species of the parental male and female to be recognised in hybrid progeny. The 5s rDNA was found to be a particularly effective diagnostic marker of C. elongatoides to partially discern genomic composition of diploid Cobitis hybrids and presumably allopolyploids resulting from their backcrossing with one of the parental species. Thus, the current study provides insight into the extent of rDNA heredity in Cobitis chromosomes and their cytotaxonomic character.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna I Grabowska
- Department of Zoology, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Alicja Boroń
- Department of Zoology, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Lech Kirtiklis
- Department of Zoology, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Aneta Spóz
- Department of Zoology, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Dorota Juchno
- Department of Zoology, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Jan Kotusz
- Museum of Natural History, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
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Chromosomal study of Khawia abbottinae (Cestoda: Caryophyllidea): karyotype and localization of telomeric and ribosomal sequences after fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Parasitol Res 2019; 118:2789-2800. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-019-06450-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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3
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Characterization analysis of the 35S rDNA intergenic spacers in Erianthus arundinaceus. Gene 2019; 694:63-70. [PMID: 30716441 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The 35S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) units that occur in tandem repeat are separated by an intergenic spacer (IGS) that plays an important role in rRNA transcription. Moreover, IGS is an important molecular marker for evolutionary research in plants. In the present study, the IGS sequence of Erianthus arundinaceus was isolated and sequenced for the first time. Structure analysis indicated the entire IGS sequence of three typical E. arundinaceus genotypes was highly conserved, with approximately 3087 bp and 67.1% mean GC content. The putative transcription termination, and initiation sites as well as a large number of methylation sites were found to be present in the IGS of E. arundinaceus compared to other plants. The phylogenic tree constructed using the E. arundinaceus IGS sequence showed that Miscanthus sinensis var. glaber was genetically close to Saccharum spp. while E. arundinaceus was close to Imperata cylindrica. Moreover, fluorescent in situ hybridization revealed that IGS and pTa71 probes had the same locus at nucleolar organizer regions. Taken together, this work enhances our current understanding of the organization of IGS in E. arundinaceus and provides a molecular evidence for an evolutionary relationship between Saccharum spp., E. arundinaceus, I. cylindrica and M. sinensis var. glaber.
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Cao L, Qin Q, Xiao Q, Yin H, Wen J, Liu Q, Huang X, Huo Y, Tao M, Zhang C, Luo K, Liu S. Nucleolar Dominance in a Tetraploidy Hybrid Lineage Derived From Carassius auratus red var. () × Megalobrama amblycephala (). Front Genet 2018; 9:386. [PMID: 30319686 PMCID: PMC6166360 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleolar dominance is related to the expression of 45S rRNA genes inherited from one progenitor due to the silencing of the other progenitor’s rRNA genes. To investigate nucleolar dominance associated with tetraploidization, we analyzed the changes regarding the genetic traits and expression of 45S rRNA genes in tetraploidy hybrid lineage including F1 allotetraploids (4n = 148) and F2 autotetraploids (4n = 200) derived from the distant hybridization of Carassius auratus red var. (2n = 100) () ×Megalobrama amblycephala (2n = 48) (). Results showed that nucleolar dominance from the females was established in F1 hybrids and it was inherited in F2 hybrids, suggesting that tetraploidization can lead to rapid establishment of nucleolar dominance in the hybrid origin’s tetraploid lineage. These results extend the knowledge of nucleolar dominance in polyploidy hybrid animals, which are of significance for the evolution of hybrids in vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.,College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - QinBo Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.,College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiong Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.,College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - HongTing Yin
- College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Jin Wen
- College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - QiWen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.,College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Xu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.,College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - YangYang Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.,College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Min Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.,College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Chun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.,College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Kaikun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.,College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - ShaoJun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.,College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
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Saenjundaeng P, de Bello Cioffi M, de Oliveira EA, Tanomtong A, Supiwong W, Phimphan S, Collares-Pereira MJ, Sember A, Bertollo LAC, Liehr T, Yano CF, Hatanaka T, Ráb P. Chromosomes of Asian cyprinid fishes: cytogenetic analysis of two representatives of small paleotetraploid tribe Probarbini. Mol Cytogenet 2018; 11:51. [PMID: 30202442 PMCID: PMC6123905 DOI: 10.1186/s13039-018-0399-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Polyploidy, although still poorly explored, represents an important evolutionary event in several cyprinid clades. Herein, Catlocarpio siamensis and Probarbus jullieni - representatives of the paleotetraploid tribe Probarbini, were characterized both by conventional and molecular cytogenetic methods. Results Alike most other paleotetraploid cyprinids (with 2n = 100), both species studied here shared 2n = 98 but differed in karyotypes: C. siamensis displayed 18m + 34sm + 46st/a; NF = 150, while P. jullieni exhibited 26m + 14sm + 58st/a; NF = 138. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with rDNA probes revealed two (5S) and eight (18S) signals in C. siamensis, respectively, and six signals for both probes in P. jullieni. FISH with microsatellite motifs evidenced substantial genomic divergence between both species. The almost doubled size of the chromosome pairs #1 in C. siamensis and #14 in P. jullieni compared to the rest of corresponding karyotypes indicated chromosomal fusions. Conclusion Based on our findings, together with likely the same reduced 2n = 98 karyotypes in the remainder Probarbini species, we hypothesize that the karyotype 2n = 98 might represent a derived character, shared by all members of the Probarbini clade. Besides, we also witnessed considerable changes in the amount and distribution of certain repetitive DNA classes, suggesting complex post-polyploidization processes in this small paleotetraploid tribe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasakorn Saenjundaeng
- 1Toxic Substances in Livestock and Aquatic Animals Research Group, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Muang District, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Marcelo de Bello Cioffi
- 2Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP Brazil
| | - Ezequiel Aguiar de Oliveira
- 2Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP Brazil.,Secretaria de Estado de Educação de Mato Grosso - SEDUC-MT, Cuiabá, MT Brazil
| | - Alongklod Tanomtong
- 1Toxic Substances in Livestock and Aquatic Animals Research Group, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Muang District, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Weerayuth Supiwong
- 4Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering, Khon Kaen University, Nong Kai Campus, Muang, Nong Kai Thailand
| | - Sumalee Phimphan
- 1Toxic Substances in Livestock and Aquatic Animals Research Group, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Muang District, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Maria João Collares-Pereira
- 5Faculdade de Ciencias, Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, PT-1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Alexandr Sember
- 6Laboratory of Fish Genetics, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Rumburská 89, 277 21 Liběchov, Czech Republic
| | | | - Thomas Liehr
- 7Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, D-07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Cassia Fernanda Yano
- 2Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP Brazil
| | - Terumi Hatanaka
- 2Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP Brazil
| | - Petr Ráb
- 6Laboratory of Fish Genetics, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Rumburská 89, 277 21 Liběchov, Czech Republic
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6
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Cytogenetics characterization of Crenuchus spilurus (Günther, 1863): a remarkable low diploid value within family Crenuchidae (Characiformes). Biologia (Bratisl) 2018. [DOI: 10.2478/s11756-018-0006-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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7
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Xiao J, Hu F, Luo K, Li W, Liu S. Unique nucleolar dominance patterns in distant hybrid lineage derived from Megalobrama Amblycephala × Culter Alburnus. BMC Genet 2016; 17:150. [PMID: 27919229 PMCID: PMC5139125 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-016-0457-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nucleolar dominance is an epigenetic phenomenon that occurs in interspecific hybrids and involves the expression of 45S rRNA genes inherited from one progenitor due to the silencing of the other progenitor's rRNA genes. In this paper, changes in the genetics and expression of 45S rRNA genes in F1 and F2 hybrid progeny of blunt snout bream (BSB, Megalobrama amblycephala) × topmouth culter (TC, Culter alburnus) are investigated. RESULTS The 45S rDNA loci were analyzed by cloning, RT-PCR and sequencing methods. The results show that nucleolar dominance patterns differ in the F1 and F2 hybrids. In the F1 hybrids of BSB × TC, all the tested individuals inherited and expressed the 45S rRNA genes of both BSB and TC, indicating that nucleolar dominance is not established in the F1 hybrids. However, in the F2 hybrids of BSB × TC, five patterns are observed. Pattern 1 inherits and expresses only the 45S rRNA gene of BSB. Pattern 2 inherits the 45S rRNA gene from both BSB and TC, but only expresses the 45S rRNA of BSB. Pattern 3 inherits and expresses the 45S rRNA gene from both BSB and TC. Pattern 4 inherits the 45S rRNA gene from both BSB and TC, but only expresses the 45S rRNA gene of TC. Pattern 5 inherits and expresses only the 45S rRNA gene of TC. CONCLUSIONS Nucleolar dominance shows distinctive patterns in intergeneric hybrids of BSB × TC. It is not established in F1 hybrids and is random in F2 hybrids. This study provides new insights into the phenomenon of nucleolar dominance in genetic hybrids in vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Fish Developmental Biology of the Education Ministry of China, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangzhou Hu
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Fish Developmental Biology of the Education Ministry of China, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaikun Luo
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Fish Developmental Biology of the Education Ministry of China, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, People's Republic of China
| | - Wuhui Li
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Fish Developmental Biology of the Education Ministry of China, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaojun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Fish Developmental Biology of the Education Ministry of China, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, People's Republic of China.
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Evidence of birth-and-death evolution of 5S rRNA gene in Channa species (Teleostei, Perciformes). Genetica 2016; 144:723-732. [PMID: 27838803 DOI: 10.1007/s10709-016-9938-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
In higher eukaryotes, minor rDNA family codes for 5S rRNA that is arranged in tandem arrays and comprises of a highly conserved 120 bp long coding sequence with a variable non-transcribed spacer (NTS). Initially the 5S rDNA repeats are considered to be evolved by the process of concerted evolution. But some recent reports, including teleost fishes suggested that evolution of 5S rDNA repeat does not fit into the concerted evolution model and evolution of 5S rDNA family may be explained by a birth-and-death evolution model. In order to study the mode of evolution of 5S rDNA repeats in Perciformes fish species, nucleotide sequence and molecular organization of five species of genus Channa were analyzed in the present study. Molecular analyses revealed several variants of 5S rDNA repeats (four types of NTS) and networks created by a neighbor net algorithm for each type of sequences (I, II, III and IV) did not show a clear clustering in species specific manner. The stable secondary structure is predicted and upstream and downstream conserved regulatory elements were characterized. Sequence analyses also shown the presence of two putative pseudogenes in Channa marulius. Present study supported that 5S rDNA repeats in genus Channa were evolved under the process of birth-and-death.
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Zhang C, Ye L, Chen Y, Xiao J, Wu Y, Tao M, Xiao Y, Liu S. The chromosomal constitution of fish hybrid lineage revealed by 5S rDNA FISH. BMC Genet 2015; 16:140. [PMID: 26635010 PMCID: PMC4669654 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-015-0295-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The establishment of the bisexual fertile fish hybrid lineage including the allodiploid and allotetraploid hybrids, from interspecific hybridization of red crucian carp (Carassius auratus red var. 2n = 100, 2n = AA) (♀) × common carp (Cyprinus carpio L. 2n = 100, 2n = BB) (♂), provided a good platform to investigate genetic relationship between the parents and their hybrid progenies. Results The chromosomal inheritance of diploid and allotetraploid hybrid progenies in successive generations, was studied by applying 5S rDNA fluorescence in situ hybridization. Signals of 5S rDNA distinguished the chromosomal constitution of common carp (B-genome) from red crucian carp (A-genome), in which two strong signals were observed on the first submetacentric chromosome, while no major signal was found in common carp. After fish hybridization, one strong signal of 5S rDNA was detected in the same locus on the chromosome of diploid hybrids. As expected, two strong signals were observed in 4nF3 tetraploid hybrids offspring and it is worth mentioning that two strong signals were detected in a separating bivalent of a primary spermatocyte in 4nF3. Furthermore, the mitosis of heterozygous chromosomes was shown normal and stable with blastular tissue histological studies. Conclusions We revealed that 5S rDNA signal can be applied to discern A-genome from B-genome, and that 5S rDNA bearing chromosomes can be stably passed down in successive generations. Our work provided a significant method in fish breeding and this is important for studies in fish evolutionary biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Fish Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education of China, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
| | - Lihai Ye
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Fish Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education of China, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
| | - Yiyi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Fish Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education of China, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
| | - Jun Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Fish Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education of China, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
| | - Yanhong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Fish Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education of China, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
| | - Min Tao
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Fish Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education of China, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
| | - Yamei Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Fish Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education of China, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
| | - Shaojun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Fish Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education of China, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
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Spoz A, Boron A, Porycka K, Karolewska M, Ito D, Abe S, Kirtiklis L, Juchno D. Molecular cytogenetic analysis of the crucian carp, Carassius carassius (Linnaeus, 1758) (Teleostei, Cyprinidae), using chromosome staining and fluorescence in situ hybridisation with rDNA probes. COMPARATIVE CYTOGENETICS 2014; 8:233-48. [PMID: 25349674 PMCID: PMC4205492 DOI: 10.3897/compcytogen.v8i3.7718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The crucian carp Carassius carassius (Linnaeus, 1758) is a species with restricted and decreasing distribution in Europe. Six males and six females of the species from the Baltic Sea basin in Poland were examined to show sequentially CMA3/AgNO3 staining pattern, DAPI staining, and, for the first time in literature, molecular cytogenetic analysis using double-colour fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) with 28S and 5S rDNA probes. The karyotype consisted of 20 m, 36 sm and 44 sta chromosomes, NF=156. The AgNO3 stained NORs were most frequently located terminally in the short arms of two sm and two sta elements, and CMA3-positive sites were also observed suggesting abundant GC-rich repetitive DNA in the regions. Other CMA3-positive sites in the short arms of six to ten sm and sta chromosomes were detected. The results based on 28S rDNA FISH confirmed the location of rDNA sites. DAPI-negative staining of NORs suggested the scarcity of AT-rich DNA in the regions. FISH with 5S rDNA probe revealed 8-14 loci (ten and 12 in respectively 49 and 29% of metaphases). They were located in two sm and eight to ten sta chromosomes and six of them were larger than others. Simultaneously, mapping of the two rDNA families on the chromosomes of C. carassius revealed that both 28S and 5S rDNA probes were located in different chromosomes. Molecular cytogenetic data of C. carassius presented here for the first time give an important insight into the structure of chromosomes of this polyploid and declining species and may be useful in its systematics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Spoz
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, M. Oczapowskiego Str. 5, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Alicja Boron
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, M. Oczapowskiego Str. 5, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Porycka
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, M. Oczapowskiego Str. 5, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Monika Karolewska
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, M. Oczapowskiego Str. 5, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Daisuke Ito
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Rua da Quinta Grade, 6, 2780-156, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Syuiti Abe
- Sanriku Fisheries Research Center, Department of Revitalization for Sanriku-region, Iwate University, 3-75-1, Heita, Kamaishi 026-0001, Iwate, Japan
| | - Lech Kirtiklis
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, M. Oczapowskiego Str. 5, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Dorota Juchno
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, M. Oczapowskiego Str. 5, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland
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Nautiyal P. Review of the Art and Science of Indian Mahseer (Game Fish) from Nineteenth to Twentieth Century: Road to Extinction or Conservation? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s40011-013-0233-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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12
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Gornung E. Twenty years of physical mapping of major ribosomal RNA genes across the teleosts: A review of research. Cytogenet Genome Res 2013; 141:90-102. [PMID: 24080951 DOI: 10.1159/000354832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular cytogenetic data on the number and position of 45S ribosomal RNA genes (rDNA; located in nucleolus organizing regions, NORs) detected by FISH in 330 species of 77 families and 22 orders of bony fishes (Teleostei) and, additionally, 11 species of basal ray-finned fishes are compiled and analyzed. The portion of species with single rDNA sites in the sample amounts to 72%. The percentage of species with multiple NORs decreases with increasing numbers of rDNA loci per genome, i.e. scarcely 3% of species carry 4 or more rDNA-bearing chromosome pairs. 43% of all rDNA sites analyzed occur terminally on the short arms of chromosomes or constitute them. In general, terminal rDNA sites account for 87% of all examined cases. Interspecific variation in the location of single rDNA sites among related taxa, polymorphisms of multiple NORs in some groups of teleosts and analytical outcomes on the subject are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Gornung
- 'Charles Darwin' Department of Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Rome 'La Sapienza', Rome, Italy
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13
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Rocco L. Molecular and Chromosomal Markers for Evolutionary Considerations in Torpediniformes (Chondrichthyes, Batoidea). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.5402/2013/808750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Due to their basal position in the vertebrate phylogenetic tree, the study on elasmobranch genetics and cytogenetics can provide remarkable information on the mechanisms underlying the evolution of all vertebrates. In recent years, different molecular approaches have been used to study the relationships between the different taxonomic groups of cartilaginous fish, among them are the physical mapping of specific nucleotide sequences on chromosomes. However, these are controversial, particularly in Torpediniformes in which the species have different karyological parameters. The purpose of this paper is to gather the molecular markers so far present in literature that were used to reconstruct the phylogenetic position of Torpediniformes with respect to the other Batoidea and to discriminate between the various chromosome pairs in the endemic species in the Mediterranean Sea, Torpedo torpedo, T. marmorata and T. nobiliana. The 5S and 18S ribosomal DNA, the HpaI and Alu SINE, the telomeric (TTAGGG)n and the spermatogenesis-related SPATA 16, SPATA 18, and UTY sequences were particularly useful. These last genomic segments were also able to differentiate between the male and the female karyotypes. Moreover, the torpedoes showed a particular genomic organization, especially Torpedo torpedo, in which large quantities of highly repeated DNA and a characteristic distribution of heterochromatin, which is never centromeric, were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Rocco
- Department of Life Sciences, Second University of Naples, via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
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Kushwaha B, Nagpure NS. Characterization and physical mapping of 18S and 5S ribosomal genes in Indian major carps (Pisces, Cyprinidae). Micron 2013; 49:40-5. [PMID: 23587674 DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2013.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2012] [Revised: 03/07/2013] [Accepted: 03/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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15
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Rossi AR, Milana V, Hett AK, Tancioni L. Molecular cytogenetic analysis of the Appenine endemic cyprinid fish Squalius lucumonis and three other Italian leuciscines using chromosome banding and FISH with rDNA probes. Genetica 2012; 140:469-76. [PMID: 23238894 DOI: 10.1007/s10709-012-9695-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2012] [Accepted: 12/06/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Karyotype and other chromosomal characteristics of the Appenine endemic cyprinid fish, Toscana stream chub Squalius lucumonis, were analysed using conventional banding and FISH with 45S and 5S rDNA probes. The diploid chromosome number (2n = 50) and karyotype characteristics including pericentromeric heterochromatic blocks and GC-rich CMA(3)-positive sites corresponding to both positive Ag-NORs and 45S rDNA loci on the short arms of a single medium-sized submetacentric chromosome pair were consistent with those found in most European leuciscine cyprinids. On other hand, 5S rDNA FISH in the Toscana stream chub and three other Italian leuciscines, S. squalus, Rutilus rubilio and Telestes muticellus, revealed a species-specific hybridization pattern, i.e. signals on four (S. lucumonis), three (S. squalus and R. rubilio) and two (T. muticellus) chromosome pairs. Whereas all the species shared the 5S rDNA loci on the largest subtelocentric chromosome pair, a "leuciscine" cytotaxonomic marker, S. lucumonis showed both classes of rDNA loci tandem aligned on the short arms of chromosome pair No. 12. The present findings suggest that the observed high variability of 5S rDNA loci provides a powerful tool for investigation of karyotype differentiation in karyologically conservative leuciscine fishes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Rita Rossi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology C. Darwin, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy.
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16
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Singh M, Barman AS. Chromosome breakages associated with 45S ribosomal DNA sequences in spotted snakehead fish Channa punctatus. Mol Biol Rep 2012; 40:723-9. [PMID: 23065230 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-012-2112-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2012] [Accepted: 10/03/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
It is well known that transcriptionally inactive rRNA genes are correlated with DNA hyper-methylation and histone hypo-methylation and there is clear evidence in humans that DNA and histone modification which alter chromatin structure are related to chromosome fragility. Very little is known about the biological cause of 45S rDNA fragility. In this report we characterized the chromosome breakage or gap associated with 45S rDNA in a fish species Channa punctatus. The rDNA mapping in C. punctatus, showed many chromosome breakages or gap formations, and all occurred exclusively in the 45S rDNA sites in anterior kidney cells. We observed that the number of chromosomes plus chromosome fragments was often more than the expected 32 in most cells. Total 67 % metaphase spread showed the expected or normal 32 chromosomes, while 33 % metaphase spread showed 33 and/or 34 chromosomes and/or chromosome fragments. The chromosome lesions observed in this study are very similar cytologically to that of fragile sites observed in human chromosomes. Possible causes for the spontaneous expression of fragile sites and their potential biological significance are also discussed in present report.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamta Singh
- Department of Fish Genetics and Reproduction, College of Fisheries (Central Agriculture University) Lembucherra, Tripura (W) 799210, India.
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Pazian MF, Pereira LHG, Shimabukuru-Dias CK, Oliveira C, Foresti F. Cytogenetic and molecular markers reveal the complexity of the genus Piabina Reinhardt, 1867 (Characiformes: Characidae). NEOTROPICAL ICHTHYOLOGY 2012. [DOI: 10.1590/s1679-62252012005000015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cytogenetic and molecular analyses were carried out in fish representative of the genus Piabina. This study specifically involved the species P. argentea and P. anhembi collected from areas of the Paranapanema and Tietê River basins, Brazil. Our findings suggest that fish classified as Piabina argentea in the Paranapanema and Tietê Rivers may represent more than one species. The samples analyzed differed by cytogenetic particularities and molecular analyses using partial sequences of the genes COI and CytB as genetic markers revealed three distinct groups of P. argentea with genetic distances sufficient to support the conclusion that the three samples analyzed are three distinct taxonomic units.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Fausto Foresti
- Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Brazil
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18
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Characterization of two freshwater silurid catfish using conventional and molecular cytogenetic techniques. J Genet 2011; 90:319-22. [DOI: 10.1007/s12041-011-0061-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Cazaux B, Catalan J, Veyrunes F, Douzery EJ, Britton-Davidian J. Are ribosomal DNA clusters rearrangement hotspots?: a case study in the genus Mus (Rodentia, Muridae). BMC Evol Biol 2011; 11:124. [PMID: 21569527 PMCID: PMC3112088 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-11-124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2010] [Accepted: 05/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent advances in comparative genomics have considerably improved our knowledge of the evolution of mammalian karyotype architecture. One of the breakthroughs was the preferential localization of evolutionary breakpoints in regions enriched in repetitive sequences (segmental duplications, telomeres and centromeres). In this context, we investigated the contribution of ribosomal genes to genome reshuffling since they are generally located in pericentromeric or subtelomeric regions, and form repeat clusters on different chromosomes. The target model was the genus Mus which exhibits a high rate of karyotypic change, a large fraction of which involves centromeres. Results The chromosomal distribution of rDNA clusters was determined by in situ hybridization of mouse probes in 19 species. Using a molecular-based reference tree, the phylogenetic distribution of clusters within the genus was reconstructed, and the temporal association between rDNA clusters, breakpoints and centromeres was tested by maximum likelihood analyses. Our results highlighted the following features of rDNA cluster dynamics in the genus Mus: i) rDNA clusters showed extensive diversity in number between species and an almost exclusive pericentromeric location, ii) a strong association between rDNA sites and centromeres was retrieved which may be related to their shared constraint of concerted evolution, iii) 24% of the observed breakpoints mapped near an rDNA cluster, and iv) a substantial rate of rDNA cluster change (insertion, deletion) also occurred in the absence of chromosomal rearrangements. Conclusions This study on the dynamics of rDNA clusters within the genus Mus has revealed a strong evolutionary relationship between rDNA clusters and centromeres. Both of these genomic structures coincide with breakpoints in the genus Mus, suggesting that the accumulation of a large number of repeats in the centromeric region may contribute to the high level of chromosome repatterning observed in this group. However, the elevated rate of rDNA change observed in the chromosomally invariant clade indicates that the presence of these sequences is insufficient to lead to genome instability. In agreement with recent studies, these results suggest that additional factors such as modifications of the epigenetic state of DNA may be required to trigger evolutionary plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoîte Cazaux
- Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution, UMR5554 CNRS/Université Montpellier II, France.
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Mani I, Kumar R, Singh M, Nagpure NS, Kushwaha B, Srivastava PK, Rao DSK, Lakra WS. Nucleotide variation and physical mapping of ribosomal genes using FISH in genus Tor (Pisces, Cyprinidae). Mol Biol Rep 2010; 38:2637-47. [PMID: 21104144 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-010-0405-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2010] [Accepted: 11/08/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Molecular cytogenetic studies were carried out for localization of 18S and 5S ribosomal DNAs on chromosomes of three cyprinid fish species viz., T. khudree, T. mussullah and T. mosal mahanadicus using two color fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). All the species typically possessed 100 diploid chromosomes with minor variation in karyo-morphology. The 18S rDNA signals were observed on two pair of chromosomes in T. khudree and T. mussullah, and three pairs in T. mosal mahanadicus. The location of 18S signals also showed affinity to silver nitrate and chromomycin A3 staining. Similarly, variation in localization of 5S rDNA among the three species has been detected with the presence of FISH signals on one pair of chromosome in T. khudree and T. mussullah, and on two pairs in T. mosal mahanadicus. These molecular markers could be used as species specific markers for taxonomic identification and can further add in understanding the dynamics of genome organization and karyotypic evolution of these species. The 18S rDNA region was sequenced that generated 1811, 1810 and 1776 bp long 18S sequence in T. khudree, T. mussullah and T. mosal mahanadicus, respectively. The 18S rDNA sequence showed 95-98% identity among the subject species. Similarly, 5S sequencing generated 203 bp long fragments in these species with 100% identity in coding and 9.63% variability in non-transcribed spacer regions. The nucleotide sequence variations could be used for understanding the genetic diversity and will add new informative characters in comparative genomics. These results, in general, would enhance the value and interpretation of ecological assessment data for conservation of Tor species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indra Mani
- National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow, 226 002, U.P., India
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Singh M, Kumar R, Nagpure NS, Kushwaha B, Mani I, Murmu K, Chauhan UK, Lakra WS. Nucleotide sequences and chromosomal localization of 45S and 5S rDNA in Neolissochilus hexagonolepis (Pisces, Cyprinidae), using dual-color fish. Zoolog Sci 2010; 27:709-16. [PMID: 20695787 DOI: 10.2108/zsj.27.709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Dual-color fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was performed to study the simultaneous localization of major (45S) and minor (5S) family ribosomal RNA genes on chromosomes of Neolissochilus hexagonolepis. The partial 45S (18S, ITS 1, 5.8S, ITS 2 and 28S) and complete 5S (coding and NTS) rDNA units were amplified, sequenced, analyzed, and mapped on the metaphase chromosomes. The complete 18S, 5.8S and partial 28S rDNAs were 1849 bp, 157 bp and 1819 bp long, respectively. Internal transcribed spacers, namely ITS 1 (828 bp) and ITS 2 (359 bp), showed significant nucleotide variations from other fish species listed in NCBI database. The 5S rDNA contained an identical coding region of 120 bp and a highly divergent, non-transcribed 81-bp spacer. The specimens of N. hexagonolepis showed six bright fluorescent signals of 18S, while the 5S signals were present only on one pair of chromosomes. Subsequent analyses between conventional Ag-NORs and 18S rDNA FISH strongly suggested the possible inactivation of one pair of NORs that was localized at a telomeric position of a submetacentric chromosome. The sequencing and chromosomal localization of 45S and 5S rDNAs may serve as a useful genetic marker in taxonomic classification as well as in phylogenetic and evolutionary studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamta Singh
- National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Lucknow- 226 002, India
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