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Li YS, Liao PC, Chang CT, Hwang SY. Pattern of Adaptive Divergence in Zingiber kawagoii Hayata (Zingiberaceae) along a Narrow Latitudinal Range. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11192490. [PMID: 36235357 PMCID: PMC9573048 DOI: 10.3390/plants11192490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Ecological and evolutionary processes linking adaptation to environment are related to species’ range shifts. In this study, we employed amplified-fragment-length-polymorphism-based genome scan methods to identify candidate loci among Zingiber kawagoii populations inhabiting varying environments distributed at low to middle elevations (143–1488 m) in a narrow latitudinal range (between 21.90 and 25.30° N). Here, we show evidence of selection driving the divergence of Z. kawagoii. Twenty-six FST outliers were detected, which were significantly correlated with various environmental variables. The allele frequencies of nine FST outliers were either positively or negatively correlated with the population mean FST. Using several independent approaches, we found environmental variables act in a combinatorial fashion, best explaining outlier genetic variation. Nonetheless, we found that adaptive divergence was affected mostly by annual temperature range, and it is significantly positively correlated with latitude and significantly negatively correlated with the population mean FST. This study addresses a latitudinal pattern of changes in annual temperature range (which ranged from 13.8 °C in the Lanyu population to 18.5 °C in the Wulai population) and emphasizes the pattern of latitudinal population divergence closely linked to the allele frequencies of adaptive loci, acting in a narrow latitudinal range. Our results also indicate environmentally dependent local adaptation for both leading- and trailing-edge populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Shao Li
- School of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, 88 Tingchow Road, Section 4, Taipei 11677, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chun Liao
- School of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, 88 Tingchow Road, Section 4, Taipei 11677, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Te Chang
- Department of Life Science, Tunghai University, 1727 Taiwan Boulevard, Section 4, Taichung 40704, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ying Hwang
- School of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, 88 Tingchow Road, Section 4, Taipei 11677, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-7749-6250
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de Lima DAN, Pelegrini BB, Uechi FAA, Varago RC, Pimenta BB, Kaneshima AMDS, Kaneshima EN, Souza PDC, Pedroso RB, Silveira TGV, Becker TCA. Evaluation of Antineoplasic Activity of Zingiber Officinale Essential Oil in the Colorectal Region of Wistar Rats. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2020; 21:2141-2147. [PMID: 32711443 PMCID: PMC7573421 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2020.21.7.2141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Aberrant Crypt (AC) and Aberrant Crypt Focus (ACF) are considered pre-neoplasic lesions, ranging from hyperplasia to different degrees of dysplasia in the colon. This work aimed to evaluate and quantify the chemopreventive activity of Zingiber officinale essential oil in the colorectal region of Wistar rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS We extracted the essential oil from ginger rhizomes and carried out ACF induction, in rats, with 1.2 Dimethylhydrazine (DMH) at a 20 mg/kg dose. The experimental groups were GI (negative control); GII (positive induction control); GIII (DMH + essential oil); GIV (DMH +5-Florouracil) and GV (essential oil). The histological techniques used were methylene blue, hematoxylin-eosin (HE) dyeing, and immunohistochemistry (IHQ). RESULTS The major essential oil compounds were citral (17.25%), δ-citral (10.25%), camphene (9.55%), α-zingiberene (7.57%), nerol (6.37%) and plelandrene (6.83%). For the presence of AC or ACF, we did not observe them in GI and GV, while in GII and GIII, they were observed, in high values, in both regions, but only in the distal region, there was a significant difference between them. For GIV, for both regions, there were significant lower numbers of AC when compared to GIII. As observed, with HE, there were hyperplastic and dysplastic ACF in the proximal and distal portions of the colon. For IHQ analyses, there were positively PCNA antibody marked cells in all experimental groups. Yet, there was no significant correlation of mitotic index among them. Moreover, the results of GIII compared to GIV were very similar. CONCLUSION In this sense, the Zingiber officinale essential oil has good antioxidant potential because it presents a mixture of monoterpene and sesquiterpene compounds. Thus, it is able to develop a chemoprotective effect, as it presented similar results to the standard drug, showing cell proliferation control.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Bruno Bueno Pimenta
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, State University of Maringa, UEM, Brazil.
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Xiong Y, Liu W, Xiong Y, Yu Q, Ma X, Lei X, Zhang X, Li D. Revelation of genetic diversity and structure of wild Elymus excelsus (Poaceae: Triticeae) collection from western China by SSR markers. PeerJ 2019; 7:e8038. [PMID: 31741794 PMCID: PMC6857585 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hosting unique and important plant germplasms, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP), as the third pole of the world, and Xinjiang, located in the centre of the Eurasian continent, are major distribution areas of perennial Triticeae grasses, especially the widespread Elymus species. Elymus excelsus Turcz. ex Griseb, a perennial forage grass with strong tolerance to environmental stresses, such as drought, cold and soil impoverishment, can be appropriately used for grassland establishment due to its high seed production. To provide basic information for collection, breeding strategies and utilization of E. excelsus germplasm, microsatellite markers (SSR) were employed in the present study to determine the genetic variation and population structure of 25 wild accessions of E. excelsus from Xinjiang (XJC) and the QTP, including Sichuan (SCC) and Gansu (GSC) of western China. Based on the 159 polymorphic bands amplified by 35 primer pairs developed from three related species, the average values of the polymorphic information content (PIC), marker index (MI), resolving power (Rp), Nei's genetic diversity (H) and Shannon's diversity index (I) of each pair of primers were 0.289, 1.348, 1.897, 0.301 and 0.459, respectively, validating that these SSR markers can also be used for the evaluation of genetic diversity of E. excelsus germplasms, and demonstrating the superior versatility of EST-SSR vs. G-SSR. We found a relatively moderate differentiation (F st = 0.151) among the XJC, SCC and GSC geo-groups, and it is worth noting that, the intra-group genetic diversity of the SCC group (H e = 0.197) was greater than that of the GSC (H e = 0.176) and XJC (H e = 0.148) groups. Both the Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic (UPGMA) clustering and principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) divided the 25 accessions into three groups, whereas the Bayesian STRUCTURE analysis suggested that E. excelsus accessions fell into four main clusters. Besides, this study suggested that geographical distance and environmental variables (annual mean precipitation and average precipitation in growing seasons), especially for QTP accessions, should be combined to explain the population genetic differentiation among the divergent geographical regions. These data provided comprehensive information about these valuable E. excelsus germplasm resources for the protection and collection of germplasms and for breeding strategies in areas of Xinjiang and QTP in western China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Xiong
- College of Animal science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenhui Liu
- Qinghai Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Superior Forage Germplasm in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Xi-ning, China
| | - Yi Xiong
- College of Animal science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qingqing Yu
- College of Animal science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- College of Animal science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiong Lei
- College of Animal science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinquan Zhang
- College of Animal science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Daxu Li
- Sichuan Academy of Grassland Sciences, Chengdu, China
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Wu WD, Liu WH, Sun M, Zhou JQ, Liu W, Zhang CL, Zhang XQ, Peng Y, Huang LK, Ma X. Genetic diversity and structure of Elymus tangutorum accessions from western China as unraveled by AFLP markers. Hereditas 2019; 156:8. [PMID: 30733654 PMCID: PMC6352457 DOI: 10.1186/s41065-019-0082-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding genetic diversity of wild plant germplasm and the relationships between ecogeographic and genetic characteristics may provide insights for better utilizing and conserving genetic resources. Elymus tangutorum (Nevski) Hand.-Mazz, a cool-season hexaploid perennial, is an important pasture bunchgrass species used for forages and grassland restoration in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and northwest China. In this study, 27 E. tangutorum accessions from diverse origins of western China were evaluated using AFLP markers in an effort to delve into the genetic relationships among them. The effects of eco-environmental factors and geographical isolation on the genetic diversity and population structure were also elucidated. RESULTS On account of 554 polymorphic fragments amplified with 14 primer combinations, the mean values of some marker parameters including polymorphic information content, resolving power and marker index were 0.2504, 14.10 and 23.07, respectively, validating the high efficiency and reliability of the markers selected. Genetic dissimilarity index values among accessions ranged from 0.1024 to 0.7137 with a mean of 0.2773. STRUCTURE, UPGMA clustering and PCoA analyses showed that all accessions could be divided into the three main clusters; however, this results do not exactly coincide with geographic groups. We found medium differentiation (F ST = 0.162) between Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) and Xinjiang (XJC), and high differentiation (F ST = 0.188) among three Bayesian subgroups. A significant correlation (r = 0.312) between genetic and geographical distance was observed by Mantel test in the species level, while the weak correlation was detected between genetic and environmental distance for all accessions and most of geographical groups. In addition, a significant ecological influence of average annual precipitation on genetic distance was revealed in XJC group and the Bayesian subgroup A. CONCLUSION This study indicates that AFLP technique are a useful tool to measure genetic diversity in E. tangutorum, showing that geographical and environmental factors (especially precipitation) together, play a crucial role in genetic differentiation patterns. These findings underline the importance of local adaptation in shaping patterns of genetic variability and population structure in E. tangutorum germplasm collected in Western China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Dan Wu
- Department of Grassland Science, Animal Science and Technology College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan China
| | - Wen-Hui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Superior Forage Germplasm in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Qinghai Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Xining, 81108 China
| | - Ming Sun
- Department of Grassland Science, Animal Science and Technology College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan China
| | - Ji-Qiong Zhou
- Department of Grassland Science, Animal Science and Technology College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Grassland Science, Animal Science and Technology College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan China
| | - Cheng-Lin Zhang
- Department of Grassland Science, Animal Science and Technology College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan China
| | - Xing-Quan Zhang
- Department of Grassland Science, Animal Science and Technology College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan China
| | - Yan Peng
- Department of Grassland Science, Animal Science and Technology College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan China
| | - Lin-Kai Huang
- Department of Grassland Science, Animal Science and Technology College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan China
| | - Xiao Ma
- Department of Grassland Science, Animal Science and Technology College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 Sichuan China
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