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Kriaridou C, Tsairidou S, Fraslin C, Gorjanc G, Looseley ME, Johnston IA, Houston RD, Robledo D. Evaluation of low-density SNP panels and imputation for cost-effective genomic selection in four aquaculture species. Front Genet 2023; 14:1194266. [PMID: 37252666 PMCID: PMC10213886 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1194266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Genomic selection can accelerate genetic progress in aquaculture breeding programmes, particularly for traits measured on siblings of selection candidates. However, it is not widely implemented in most aquaculture species, and remains expensive due to high genotyping costs. Genotype imputation is a promising strategy that can reduce genotyping costs and facilitate the broader uptake of genomic selection in aquaculture breeding programmes. Genotype imputation can predict ungenotyped SNPs in populations genotyped at a low-density (LD), using a reference population genotyped at a high-density (HD). In this study, we used datasets of four aquaculture species (Atlantic salmon, turbot, common carp and Pacific oyster), phenotyped for different traits, to investigate the efficacy of genotype imputation for cost-effective genomic selection. The four datasets had been genotyped at HD, and eight LD panels (300-6,000 SNPs) were generated in silico. SNPs were selected to be: i) evenly distributed according to physical position ii) selected to minimise the linkage disequilibrium between adjacent SNPs or iii) randomly selected. Imputation was performed with three different software packages (AlphaImpute2, FImpute v.3 and findhap v.4). The results revealed that FImpute v.3 was faster and achieved higher imputation accuracies. Imputation accuracy increased with increasing panel density for both SNP selection methods, reaching correlations greater than 0.95 in the three fish species and 0.80 in Pacific oyster. In terms of genomic prediction accuracy, the LD and the imputed panels performed similarly, reaching values very close to the HD panels, except in the pacific oyster dataset, where the LD panel performed better than the imputed panel. In the fish species, when LD panels were used for genomic prediction without imputation, selection of markers based on either physical or genetic distance (instead of randomly) resulted in a high prediction accuracy, whereas imputation achieved near maximal prediction accuracy independently of the LD panel, showing higher reliability. Our results suggests that, in fish species, well-selected LD panels may achieve near maximal genomic selection prediction accuracy, and that the addition of imputation will result in maximal accuracy independently of the LD panel. These strategies represent effective and affordable methods to incorporate genomic selection into most aquaculture settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Kriaridou
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Smaragda Tsairidou
- Global Academy of Agriculture and Food Systems, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Clémence Fraslin
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Gregor Gorjanc
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Ross D. Houston
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Benchmark Genetics, Penicuik, United Kingdom
| | - Diego Robledo
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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Gao Z, Zhang Y, Li Z, Zeng Q, Yang F, Song Y, Song Y, He J. Genomic breed composition of Ningxiang pig via different SNP panels. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2021; 106:783-791. [PMID: 34260785 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The genomic breed composition (GBC) reflects the genetic relationship between individual animal and ancestor breeds in composite or hybrid breeds. Also, it can estimate the genomic contribution of each breed (ancestor) to the genome of each individual animal. Using genomic SNP information to estimate Ningxiang pig GBC is of great significance. First of all, GBC was widely used in cattle and had significant effects, but there is almost no using experience in Chinese endemic pig breeds. Importantly, High-density SNPs are expensive but can be economized by deploying a relatively small number of highly informative SNP scattered evenly across the genome. Moreover, the impact of low-density SNPs selection strategy on estimating the GBC of individual animals has not been fully explained. Using SNP data from different databases and organizations, we established reference (N = 2015) and verification (N = 302) data sets. Twelve successively smaller SNP panels (500, 1K, 5K, 10K) were built from those SNP in the reference data by three selection methods (uniform, maximized the Euclidean distance (MED) and random distribution method). For each panel, the GBC of Ningxiang pigs in the reference dataset was estimated. Then combining Shannon entropy and the GBC results, the optimal panel (the 10K SNP panel constructed by MED method) was picked out to estimate the GBC of verification Ningxiang pig, which detected that 230 individuals were purebred Ningxiang pigs and the remaining 72 impure individuals contained 6.44% blood related with Rongchang pigs and 4.09% with Bamaxiang pigs in the verification Ningxiang population. Finally, the genetic structure analysis of verification population was performed combining with the results of GBC, multi-dimensional scaling (MDS) analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis. These results showed: (a) GBC could accurately identify purebred Ningxiang pigs and, scientifically, calculate the genomic contribution of each breed of each hybrid animal. (b) GBC could carry out population genetic structure and understand the genetic background of Ningxiang pigs. Such findings highlight a variety of opportunities to better protect and identify other endangered local breeds in China facing the same situation as Ningxiang pig and provide more accurate, economical and efficient new technical support in GBC estimation breeding work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhendong Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuebo Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhi Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Qinhua Zeng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Fang Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuexiang Song
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Yukun Song
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Jun He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
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Lashmar SF, Berry DP, Pierneef R, Muchadeyi FC, Visser C. Assessing single-nucleotide polymorphism selection methods for the development of a low-density panel optimized for imputation in South African Drakensberger beef cattle. J Anim Sci 2021; 99:6226920. [PMID: 33860324 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skab118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A major obstacle in applying genomic selection (GS) to uniquely adapted local breeds in less-developed countries has been the cost of genotyping at high densities of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP). Cost reduction can be achieved by imputing genotypes from lower to higher densities. Locally adapted breeds tend to be admixed and exhibit a high degree of genomic heterogeneity thus necessitating the optimization of SNP selection for downstream imputation. The aim of this study was to quantify the achievable imputation accuracy for a sample of 1,135 South African (SA) Drakensberger cattle using several custom-derived lower-density panels varying in both SNP density and how the SNP were selected. From a pool of 120,608 genotyped SNP, subsets of SNP were chosen (1) at random, (2) with even genomic dispersion, (3) by maximizing the mean minor allele frequency (MAF), (4) using a combined score of MAF and linkage disequilibrium (LD), (5) using a partitioning-around-medoids (PAM) algorithm, and finally (6) using a hierarchical LD-based clustering algorithm. Imputation accuracy to higher density improved as SNP density increased; animal-wise imputation accuracy defined as the within-animal correlation between the imputed and actual alleles ranged from 0.625 to 0.990 when 2,500 randomly selected SNP were chosen vs. a range of 0.918 to 0.999 when 50,000 randomly selected SNP were used. At a panel density of 10,000 SNP, the mean (standard deviation) animal-wise allele concordance rate was 0.976 (0.018) vs. 0.982 (0.014) when the worst (i.e., random) as opposed to the best (i.e., combination of MAF and LD) SNP selection strategy was employed. A difference of 0.071 units was observed between the mean correlation-based accuracy of imputed SNP categorized as low (0.01 < MAF ≤ 0.1) vs. high MAF (0.4 < MAF ≤ 0.5). Greater mean imputation accuracy was achieved for SNP located on autosomal extremes when these regions were populated with more SNP. The presented results suggested that genotype imputation can be a practical cost-saving strategy for indigenous breeds such as the SA Drakensberger. Based on the results, a genotyping panel consisting of ~10,000 SNP selected based on a combination of MAF and LD would suffice in achieving a <3% imputation error rate for a breed characterized by genomic admixture on the condition that these SNP are selected based on breed-specific selection criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon F Lashmar
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
| | - Donagh P Berry
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa.,Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - Rian Pierneef
- Biotechnology Platform, Agricultural Research Council, Private Bag X5, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa
| | - Farai C Muchadeyi
- Biotechnology Platform, Agricultural Research Council, Private Bag X5, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa
| | - Carina Visser
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
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Pégard M, Rogier O, Bérard A, Faivre-Rampant P, Paslier MCL, Bastien C, Jorge V, Sánchez L. Sequence imputation from low density single nucleotide polymorphism panel in a black poplar breeding population. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:302. [PMID: 30999856 PMCID: PMC6471894 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-5660-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Genomic selection accuracy increases with the use of high SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) coverage. However, such gains in coverage come at high costs, preventing their prompt operational implementation by breeders. Low density panels imputed to higher densities offer a cheaper alternative during the first stages of genomic resources development. Our study is the first to explore the imputation in a tree species: black poplar. About 1000 pure-breed Populus nigra trees from a breeding population were selected and genotyped with a 12K custom Infinium Bead-Chip. Forty-three of those individuals corresponding to nodal trees in the pedigree were fully sequenced (reference), while the remaining majority (target) was imputed from 8K to 1.4 million SNPs using FImpute. Each SNP and individual was evaluated for imputation errors by leave-one-out cross validation in the training sample of 43 sequenced trees. Some summary statistics such as Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium exact test p-value, quality of sequencing, depth of sequencing per site and per individual, minor allele frequency, marker density ratio or SNP information redundancy were calculated. Principal component and Boruta analyses were used on all these parameters to rank the factors affecting the quality of imputation. Additionally, we characterize the impact of the relatedness between reference population and target population. Results During the imputation process, we used 7540 SNPs from the chip to impute 1,438,827 SNPs from sequences. At the individual level, imputation accuracy was high with a proportion of SNPs correctly imputed between 0.84 and 0.99. The variation in accuracies was mostly due to differences in relatedness between individuals. At a SNP level, the imputation quality depended on genotyped SNP density and on the original minor allele frequency. The imputation did not appear to result in an increase of linkage disequilibrium. The genotype densification not only brought a better distribution of markers all along the genome, but also we did not detect any substantial bias in annotation categories. Conclusions This study shows that it is possible to impute low-density marker panels to whole genome sequence with good accuracy under certain conditions that could be common to many breeding populations. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-019-5660-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Pégard
- BioForA, INRA, ONF, 45075, Orléans, France, 2163 Avenue de la Pomme de Pin CS 40001 ARDON, Orléans Cedex 2, 45075, France
| | - Odile Rogier
- BioForA, INRA, ONF, 45075, Orléans, France, 2163 Avenue de la Pomme de Pin CS 40001 ARDON, Orléans Cedex 2, 45075, France
| | - Aurélie Bérard
- Etude du Polymorphisme des Génomes Végétaux (EPGV), INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91000, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, Evry, 9100, France
| | - Patricia Faivre-Rampant
- Etude du Polymorphisme des Génomes Végétaux (EPGV), INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91000, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, Evry, 9100, France
| | - Marie-Christine Le Paslier
- Etude du Polymorphisme des Génomes Végétaux (EPGV), INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91000, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, Evry, 9100, France
| | - Catherine Bastien
- BioForA, INRA, ONF, 45075, Orléans, France, 2163 Avenue de la Pomme de Pin CS 40001 ARDON, Orléans Cedex 2, 45075, France
| | - Véronique Jorge
- BioForA, INRA, ONF, 45075, Orléans, France, 2163 Avenue de la Pomme de Pin CS 40001 ARDON, Orléans Cedex 2, 45075, France
| | - Leopoldo Sánchez
- BioForA, INRA, ONF, 45075, Orléans, France, 2163 Avenue de la Pomme de Pin CS 40001 ARDON, Orléans Cedex 2, 45075, France.
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He J, Guo Y, Xu J, Li H, Fuller A, Tait RG, Wu XL, Bauck S. Comparing SNP panels and statistical methods for estimating genomic breed composition of individual animals in ten cattle breeds. BMC Genet 2018; 19:56. [PMID: 30092776 PMCID: PMC6085684 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-018-0654-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND SNPs are informative to estimate genomic breed composition (GBC) of individual animals, but selected SNPs for this purpose were not made available in the commercial bovine SNP chips prior to the present study. The primary objective of the present study was to select five common SNP panels for estimating GBC of individual animals initially involving 10 cattle breeds (two dairy breeds and eight beef breeds). The performance of the five common SNP panels was evaluated based on admixture model and linear regression model, respectively. Finally, the downstream implication of GBC on genomic prediction accuracies was investigated and discussed in a Santa Gertrudis cattle population. RESULTS There were 15,708 common SNPs across five currently-available commercial bovine SNP chips. From this set, four subsets (1,000, 3,000, 5,000, and 10,000 SNPs) were selected by maximizing average Euclidean distance (AED) of SNP allelic frequencies among the ten cattle breeds. For 198 animals presented as Akaushi, estimated GBC of the Akaushi breed (GBCA) based on the admixture model agreed very well among the five SNP panels, identifying 166 animals with GBCA = 1. Using the same SNP panels, the linear regression approach reported fewer animals with GBCA = 1. Nevertheless, estimated GBCA using both models were highly correlated (r = 0.953 to 0.992). In the genomic prediction of a Santa Gertrudis population (and crosses), the results showed that the predictability of molecular breeding values using SNP effects obtained from 1,225 animals with no less than 0.90 GBC of Santa Gertrudis (GBCSG) decreased on crossbred animals with lower GBCSG. CONCLUSIONS Of the two statistical models used to compute GBC, the admixture model gave more consistent results among the five selected SNP panels than the linear regression model. The availability of these common SNP panels facilitates identification and estimation of breed compositions using currently-available bovine SNP chips. In view of utility, the 1 K panel is the most cost effective and it is convenient to be included as add-on content in future development of bovine SNP chips, whereas the 10 K and 16 K SNP panels can be more resourceful if used independently for imputation to intermediate or high-density genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun He
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Neogen GeneSeek Operations, Lincoln, NE USA
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Yage Guo
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Neogen GeneSeek Operations, Lincoln, NE USA
- College of Education and Human Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE USA
| | - Jiaqi Xu
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Neogen GeneSeek Operations, Lincoln, NE USA
- Department of Statistics, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE USA
| | - Hao Li
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Neogen GeneSeek Operations, Lincoln, NE USA
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA
| | - Anna Fuller
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Neogen GeneSeek Operations, Lincoln, NE USA
| | - Richard G. Tait
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Neogen GeneSeek Operations, Lincoln, NE USA
| | - Xiao-Lin Wu
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Neogen GeneSeek Operations, Lincoln, NE USA
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA
| | - Stewart Bauck
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Neogen GeneSeek Operations, Lincoln, NE USA
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