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Sclerotium rolfsii lectin induces opposite effects on normal PBMCs and leukemic Molt-4 cells by recognising TF antigen and its variants as receptors. Glycoconj J 2020; 37:251-261. [PMID: 31900725 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-019-09905-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Sclerotium rolfsii lectin (SRL) exerts apoptotic effect against various cancer cells and an antitumor activity on mice with colon and breast cancer xenografts. The current study aimed to explore its exquisite carbohydrate specificity on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and leukemic T-cells. SRL, showed strong binding (>98%) to resting/activated PBMCs, leukemic Molt-4 and Jurkat cell lines. The glycans mediated binding to these cells was effectively blocked by mucin and fetuin, exhibiting 97% and 94% inhibition respectively. SRL showed mitogenic stimulation of PBMCs at 10 μg/ml as determined by thymidine incorporation assay. In contrast, lectin induced a dose dependent growth inhibition of Molt-4 cells with 58% inhibition at 25 μg/ml. Many common membrane receptors in activated PBMCs, Molt 4 and Jurkat cells were identified by lectin blotting. However, membrane receptors that are recognized by SRL in normal resting PBMCs were totally different and are high molecular weight glycoproteins. Treatment of membrane receptors with glycosidases prior to lectin probing, revealed that fucosylated Thomsen-Friedenreich(TF) antigen glycans are increasingly expressed on transformed Molt-4 leukemic cells compared to other cells. The findings highlight the opposite effects of SRL on transformed and normal hematopoietic cells by recognizing different glycan-receptors. SRL has promising potential for diagnostics and therapeutic applications in leukaemia.
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Belur S, Barkeer S, Swamy BM, Yu LG, Inamdar SR. Investigation of TF-binding lectins from dietary sources and SRL on proliferation and cell cycle progression in human colon HT29 and SW620 cells. Nutr Cancer 2019; 71:634-642. [PMID: 30672325 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2018.1559940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
TF antigen binding lectins from dietary sources PNA, ACA, ABL, JAC, and SRL from Sclerotium rolfsii have been reported to induce diverse effects on cancer cell proliferation by different mechanisms. This study aimed to compare effects of these lectins on growth and cell cycle progression in colon cancer HT29 and SW620 cells. As reported SRL, ABL, and JAC inhibited while PNA and ACA increased cell proliferation. ABL and JAC treated HT29 cells showed increased cell population in G0/G1 phase. PNA, ACA, ABL, and JAC increased SW620 cell population in S and decreased in G2/M phase. In contrast, SRL and JAC increased hypodiploid population in both the cells. PNA and ACA reduced whereas SRL and ABL diminished cell cyclin D1 expression. SRL, PNA, and ACA also reduced cellular cyclin D3 level while SRL, ABL, and JAC reduced cyclin E levels. ABL decreased CDK5 levels while SRL and ACA completely abolished CDK5 expression. All the lectins completely abolished cyclin D2 expression. These results not only confirms growth regulatory effects of TF-binding lectins but also indicates different effects of these lectins on cell growth is associated with regulation on expression of cell cycle associated proteins in G1-S phase and on cell cycle progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivakumar Belur
- a Department of Studies in Biochemistry , Karnatak University , Dharwad , India
| | - Srikanth Barkeer
- a Department of Studies in Biochemistry , Karnatak University , Dharwad , India
| | - Bale M Swamy
- a Department of Studies in Biochemistry , Karnatak University , Dharwad , India
| | - Lu-Gang Yu
- b Gastroenterology Unit , Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology , Institute of Translational Medicine University of Liverpool , Liverpool , UK
| | - Shashikala R Inamdar
- a Department of Studies in Biochemistry , Karnatak University , Dharwad , India;,b Gastroenterology Unit , Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology , Institute of Translational Medicine University of Liverpool , Liverpool , UK
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3
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Kim S. Hericium erinaceus isolectins recognize mucin-type O-glycans as tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens on the surface of K562 human leukemia cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 120:1093-1102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.08.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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4
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Vanti GL, Katageri IS, Inamdar SR, Hiremathada V, Swamy BM. Potent insect gut binding lectin from Sclerotium rolfsii impart resistance to sucking and chewing type insects in cotton. J Biotechnol 2018; 278:20-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2018.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Hegde P, Narasimhappagari J, Swamy BM, Inamdar SR. Efficacy studies of
Sclerotium rolfsii
lectin on breast cancer using NOD SCID mouse model. Chem Biol Drug Des 2018; 92:1488-1496. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prajna Hegde
- Department of Studies in BiochemistryKarnatak University Dharwad India
| | | | - Bale M. Swamy
- Department of Studies in BiochemistryKarnatak University Dharwad India
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Sindhura BR, Hegde P, Chachadi VB, Inamdar SR, Swamy BM. High mannose N-glycan binding lectin from Remusatia vivipara (RVL) limits cell growth, motility and invasiveness of human breast cancer cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 93:654-665. [PMID: 28686979 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.06.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer known for its high metastatic potential is responsible for large mortality rate amongst women; hence it is imperative to search for effective anti-metastatic molecules despite anticancer drugs. The current study describes the potential of Remusatia vivipara lectin (RVL), inducing apoptosis in breast cancer cells there by limiting motility and invasiveness. RVL binds to the cell surface glycans of MDA-MB-468 and MCF-7 cells, exhibiting strong glycan mediated cytotoxic effect, but show marginal effect on non-tumorigenic MCF-10A cells. RVL elicits increased cellular stress, apoptotic vacuoles and nuclear disintegration in both MDA-MB-468 and MCF-7 cells accompanied by depletion of G0/G1, S and G2/M phases. Lectin interaction induced production of reactive oxygen species through altering mitochondrial membrane potential progressing to apoptosis. Further, RVL strongly elicited reproductive cell death in MDA-MB-468 cells and showed strong inhibitory effect on neovascularization demonstrated in chorioallantoic membrane assay. Treatment of MDA-MB-468 cells with RVL, suppress the motility and invasive property as shown by scratch wound heal and Boyden chamber transwell assays respectively. These results provide an insight into significance of interaction of RVL with specific cell surface high mannose N-glycans resulting in curtailing the metastatic ability of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- B R Sindhura
- Department of Biochemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad, 580 003, India
| | - Prajna Hegde
- Department of Biochemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad, 580 003, India
| | | | | | - Bale M Swamy
- Department of Biochemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad, 580 003, India.
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7
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Anupama S, Laha P, Sharma M, Pathak K, Bane S, Ingle AD, Gota V, Kalraiya RD, Yu LG, Rhodes JM, Swamy BM, Inamdar SR. Pharmacokinetics, biodistribution and antitumour effects of Sclerotium rolfsii lectin in mice. Oncol Rep 2017; 37:2803-2810. [PMID: 28394001 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Sclerotium rolfsii lectin (SRL) is a lectin isolated from the fungus Sclerotium rolfsii and has exquisite binding specificity towards the oncofetal Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen (TF-Ag; Galβ1-3GalNAcα-O-Ser/Thr) and its derivatives. Previous studies have shown that SRL inhibits the proliferation of human colon, breast and ovarian cancer cells in vitro and suppresses tumour growth in mice when introduced intratumourally. The present study assessed the effect of SRL on tumour growth when introduced intraperitoneally in BALB/c nude mice and investigated the pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of SRL in Swiss albino mice. When 9 doses of SRL (30 mg/kg body weight/mice) was administered to BALB/c nude mice bearing human colon cancer HT-29 xenografts, a substantial reduction in tumour size was observed. A 35.8% reduction in tumour size was noted in the treated animals after 17 days. SRL treatment also inhibited angiogenesis, and the tumours from the treated animals were observed to carry fewer blood vessels and express less angiogenesis marker protein CD31, than that from the control animals. Pharmacokinetics and biodistribution analysis revealed that SRL was detected in the serum after 1 h and its level peaked after 24 h. SRL was not detected in any of the organs apart from the kidney where a trace amount was detected after 24 h of SRL injection. No significant changes were observed in any of the biochemical parameters tested including SGOT, SGPT, LDH, CREAT and BUN in the SRL-treated mice compared to these levels in the controls. This suggests that SRL has good potential to be developed as a therapeutic agent for cancer treatment and warrant further investigations in vivo and subsequent clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Anupama
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580003, India
| | - Preeti Laha
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, India
| | - Mamta Sharma
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580003, India
| | - Kamal Pathak
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, India
| | - Sanjay Bane
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, India
| | - Arvind D Ingle
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, India
| | - Vikram Gota
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, India
| | - Rajiv D Kalraiya
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, India
| | - Lu-Gang Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
| | - Jonathan M Rhodes
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
| | - Bale M Swamy
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580003, India
| | - Shashikala R Inamdar
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580003, India
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8
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Entomotoxic and nematotoxic lectins and protease inhibitors from fungal fruiting bodies. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 100:91-111. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-7075-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Revised: 10/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Barkeer S, Guha N, Hothpet V, Saligrama Adavigowda D, Hegde P, Padmanaban A, Yu LG, Swamy BM, Inamdar SR. Molecular mechanism of anticancer effect of Sclerotium rolfsii lectin in HT29 cells involves differential expression of genes associated with multiple signaling pathways: A microarray analysis. Glycobiology 2015; 25:1375-91. [PMID: 26347523 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwv067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sclerotium rolfsii lectin (SRL) is a lectin isolated from fungus S. rolfsii and has high binding specificity toward the oncofetal Thomsen-Friedenreich carbohydrate antigen (Galβ1-3GalNAc-α-O-Ser/Thr, T or TF), which is expressed in more than 90% of human cancers. Our previous studies have shown that binding of SRL to human colon, breast and ovarian cancer cells induces cell apoptosis in vitro and suppresses tumor growth in vivo. This study investigated the SRL-mediated cell signaling in human colon cancer HT29 cells by mRNA and miRNA microarrays. It was found that SRL treatment results in altered expression of several hundred molecules including mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and c-JUN-associated, apoptosis-associated and cell cycle and DNA replication-associated signaling molecules. Pathway analysis using GeneSpring 12.6.1 revealed that SRL treatment induces changes of MAPK and c-JUN-associated signaling pathways as early as 2 h while changes of cell cycle, DNA replication and apoptosis pathways were significantly affected only after 24 h. A significant change of cell miRNA expression was also observed after 12 h treatment of the cells with SRL. These changes were further validated by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction and immunoblotting. This study thus suggests that the presence of SRL affects multiple signaling pathways in cancer cells with early effects on cell proliferation pathways associated with MAPK and c-JUN, followed by miRNA-associated cell activity and apoptosis. This provides insight information into the molecular mechanism of the anticancer activity of this fungal lectin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srikanth Barkeer
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580 003, India
| | - Nilanjan Guha
- Agilent Technologies India Pvt. Ltd, Bangalore 560048, India
| | | | | | - Prajna Hegde
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580 003, India
| | | | - Lu-Gang Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
| | - Bale M Swamy
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580 003, India Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
| | - Shashikala R Inamdar
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580 003, India Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
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Peppa VI, Venkat H, Kantsadi AL, Inamdar SR, Bhat GG, Eligar S, Shivanand A, Chachadi VB, Satisha GJ, Swamy BM, Skamnaki VT, Zographos SE, Leonidas DD. Molecular Cloning, Carbohydrate Specificity and the Crystal Structure of Two Sclerotium rolfsii Lectin Variants. Molecules 2015; 20:10848-65. [PMID: 26076107 PMCID: PMC6272482 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200610848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Revised: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
SRL is a cell wall associated developmental-stage specific lectin secreted by Sclerotium rolfsii, a soil-born pathogenic fungus. SRL displays specificity for TF antigen (Galβ1→3GalNAc-α-Ser//Thr) expressed in all cancer types and has tumour suppressing effects in vivo. Considering the immense potential of SRL in cancer research, we have generated two variant gene constructs of SRL and expressed in E. coli to refine the sugar specificity and solubility by altering the surface charge. SSR1 and SSR2 are two different recombinant variants of SRL, both of which recognize TF antigen but only SSR1 binds to Tn antigen (GalNAcα-Ser/Thr). The glycan array analysis of the variants demonstrated that SSR1 recognizes TF antigen and their derivative with high affinity similar to SRL but showed highest affinity towards the sialylated Tn antigen, unlike SRL. The carbohydrate binding property of SSR2 remains unaltered compared to SRL. The crystal structures of the two variants were determined in free form and in complex with N-acetylglucosamine at 1.7 Å and 1.6 Å resolution, respectively. Structural analysis highlighted the structural basis of the fine carbohydrate specificity of the two SRL variants and results are in agreement with glycan array analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vassiliki I Peppa
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, 26 Ploutonos Street, Larissa 41221, Greece.
| | - Hemalatha Venkat
- Department of Biochemistry, Kuvempu University, Shimoga, Karnataka 577451, India.
| | - Anastassia L Kantsadi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, 26 Ploutonos Street, Larissa 41221, Greece.
| | - Shashikala R Inamdar
- Department of Post Graduate Studies in Biochemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580003, India.
| | - Ganapati G Bhat
- Department of Post Graduate Studies in Biochemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580003, India.
| | - Sachin Eligar
- Department of Post Graduate Studies in Biochemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580003, India.
| | - Anupama Shivanand
- Department of Post Graduate Studies in Biochemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580003, India.
| | - Vishwanath B Chachadi
- Department of Post Graduate Studies in Biochemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580003, India.
| | - Gonchigar J Satisha
- Department of Biochemistry, Kuvempu University, Shimoga, Karnataka 577451, India.
| | - Bale M Swamy
- Department of Post Graduate Studies in Biochemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580003, India.
| | - Vassiliki T Skamnaki
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, 26 Ploutonos Street, Larissa 41221, Greece.
| | - Spyridon E Zographos
- Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry & Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vas. Constantinou Ave, Athens 11635, Greece.
| | - Demetres D Leonidas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, 26 Ploutonos Street, Larissa 41221, Greece.
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Savanur MA, Eligar SM, Pujari R, Chen C, Mahajan P, Borges A, Shastry P, Ingle A, Kalraiya RD, Swamy BM, Rhodes JM, Yu LG, Inamdar SR. Sclerotium rolfsii lectin induces stronger inhibition of proliferation in human breast cancer cells than normal human mammary epithelial cells by induction of cell apoptosis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e110107. [PMID: 25364905 PMCID: PMC4217719 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Sclerotium rolfsii lectin (SRL) isolated from the phytopathogenic fungus Sclerotium rolfsii has exquisite binding specificity towards O-linked, Thomsen-Freidenreich (Galβ1-3GalNAcα1-Ser/Thr, TF) associated glycans. This study investigated the influence of SRL on proliferation of human breast cancer cells (MCF-7 and ZR-75), non-tumorigenic breast epithelial cells (MCF-10A) and normal mammary epithelial cells (HMECs). SRL caused marked, dose-dependent, inhibition of proliferation of MCF-7 and ZR-75 cells but only weak inhibition of proliferation of non-tumorigenic MCF-10A and HMEC cells. The inhibitory effect of SRL on cancer cell proliferation was shown to be a consequence of SRL cell surface binding and subsequent induction of cellular apoptosis, an effect that was largely prevented by the presence of inhibitors against caspases -3, -8, or -9. Lectin histochemistry using biotin-labelled SRL showed little binding of SRL to normal human breast tissue but intense binding to cancerous tissues. In conclusion, SRL inhibits the growth of human breast cancer cells via induction of cell apoptosis but has substantially less effect on normal epithelial cells. As a lectin that binds specifically to a cancer-associated glycan, has potential to be developed as an anti-cancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Azharuddin Savanur
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad, India
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Sachin M. Eligar
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad, India
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Radha Pujari
- National Centre for Cell Science, NCCS complex, Ganeshkhind, Pune, India
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Padma Shastry
- National Centre for Cell Science, NCCS complex, Ganeshkhind, Pune, India
| | - Arvind. Ingle
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Kharghar, Navi Mumabi, India
| | - Rajiv D. Kalraiya
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Kharghar, Navi Mumabi, India
| | - Bale M. Swamy
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad, India
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan M. Rhodes
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Lu-Gang Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Shashikala R. Inamdar
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad, India
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Sclerotium rolfsii lectin exerts insecticidal activity on Spodoptera litura larvae by binding to membrane proteins of midgut epithelial cells and triggering caspase-3-dependent apoptosis. Toxicon 2014; 78:47-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2013.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2013] [Revised: 11/15/2013] [Accepted: 11/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Abstract
Fungi are members of a large group of eukaryotic organisms that include yeasts and molds, as well as the most familiar member, mushrooms. Fungal lectins with unique specificity and structures have been discovered. In general, fungal lectins are classified into specific families based on their amino acid sequences and three-dimensional structures. In this chapter, we provide an overview of the approximately 80 types of mushroom and fungal lectins that have been isolated and studied to date. In particular, we have focused on ten fungal lectins (Agaricus bisporus, Agrocybe cylindracea, Aleuria aurantia, Aspergillus oryzae, Clitocybe nebularis, Marasmius oreades, Psathyrella velutina, Rhizopus stolonifer, Pholiota squarrosa, Polyporus squamosus), many of which are commercially available and their properties, sugar-binding specificities, structural grouping into families, and applications for biological research being described. The sialic acid-specific lectins (Agrocybe cylindracea and Polyporus squamosus) and fucose-specific lectins (Aleuria aurantia, Aspergillus oryzae, Rhizopus stolonifer, and Pholiota squarrosa) each showed potential for use in identifying sialic acid glycoconjugates and fucose glycoconjugates. Although not much is currently known about fungal lectins compared to animal and plant lectins, the knowledge accumulated thus far shows great promise for several applications in the fields of taxonomy, biomedicine, and molecular and cellular biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Kobayashi
- J-Oil Mills Inc., 11, Kagetoricho, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 245-0064, Japan,
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Hirabayashi J, Yamada M, Kuno A, Tateno H. Lectin microarrays: concept, principle and applications. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:4443-58. [PMID: 23443201 DOI: 10.1039/c3cs35419a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The lectin microarray is a novel platform for glycan analysis, having emerged only in recent years. Unlike other conventional methods, e.g., liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry, it enables rapid and high-sensitivity profiling of complex glycan features without the need for liberation of glycans. Target samples include an extensive range of glycoconjugates involved in cells, tissues, body fluids, as well as synthetic glycans and their mimics. Various procedures for rapid differential glycan profiling have been developed for glycan-related biomarkers. Such glycoproteomics targeting allows precise diagnosis of chronic diseases potentially related to cancer. Application of this method to evaluation of various types of stem cells resulted in the discovery of a new pluripotent cell-specific glycan marker. To explore this technology a more fundamental and extensive understanding of lectins is necessary in relation to the structural uniqueness of glycans. In this chapter, the essence of the lectin microarray is described with some focus on an evanescent-field-activated fluorescence detection principle as a system to achieve in situ (i.e., washing free) aqueous-phase observation under equilibrium conditions. The developed lectin microarray system allows even researchers with poor experience in glycan profiling to perform extensive high-throughput analysis targeting various forms of glycans and even cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Hirabayashi
- National Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, Central-2, 1-1-1, Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan.
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Eligar SM, Pujari R, Swamy BM, Shastry P, Inamdar SR. Sclerotium rolfsii lectin inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in human ovarian cancer cell line PA-1. Cell Prolif 2012; 45:397-403. [PMID: 22805123 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2184.2012.00831.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2012] [Accepted: 05/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Sclerotium rolfsii lectin (SRL), isolated from soil born phytopathogenic fungus Sclerotium rolfsii, exhibits exquisite binding specificity to the oncofoetal Thomsen-Friedenreich (Galβ1,3GalNAcα-O-Ser/Thr, T or TF) antigen and associated glycans. In the present study, we report anti-proliferative activity of SRL and investigate underlying mechanisms of SRL-induced apoptosis, in the human ovarian cancer cell line PA-1. MATERIALS AND METHODS SRL-induced anti-proliferative effects were determined using MTT assay and induction of apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry, confocal microscopy and western blot analysis. RESULTS SRL inhibited population growth of PA-1 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner with maximum inhibition (71.3 ± 1.9%) occurring at concentration of 50 μg/ml after 72 h incubation. Observed effects of SRL could be blocked by competing glycoproteins, asialomucin, mucin and fetuin. Treatment with SRL resulted in increase in hypodiploid cell population as determine by cell cycle analysis. Increase in numbers of annexin V-PI positive cells, and cleavage of PARP confirmed apoptosis-inducing activity of SRL. Involvement of caspases in SRL-mediated apoptosis was determined by cleavage of caspases-3, -8 and -9 in a time-dependent manner, thereby suggesting possible involvement of both intrinsic and extrinsic caspase-dependent pathways. CONCLUSION The present study demonstrates anti-proliferative and apoptosis-inducing activity of SRL that can be exploited for potential application in ovarian cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Eligar
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad, India
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Inamdar SR, Savanur MA, Eligar SM, Chachadi VB, Nagre NN, Chen C, Barclays M, Ingle A, Mahajan P, Borges A, Shastry P, Kalraiya RD, Swamy BM, Rhodes JM, Yu LG. The TF-antigen binding lectin from Sclerotium rolfsii inhibits growth of human colon cancer cells by inducing apoptosis in vitro and suppresses tumor growth in vivo. Glycobiology 2012; 22:1227-35. [PMID: 22653662 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cws090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycan array analysis of Sclerotium rolfsii lectin (SRL) revealed its exquisite binding specificity to the oncofetal Thomsen-Friedenreich (Galβ1-3GalNAcα-O-Ser/Thr, T or TF) antigen and its derivatives. This study shows that SRL strongly inhibits the growth of human colon cancer HT29 and DLD-1 cells by binding to cell surface glycans and induction of apoptosis through both the caspase-8 and -9 mediated signaling. SRL showed no or very weak binding to normal human colon tissues but strong binding to cancerous and metastatic tissues. Intratumor injection of SRL at subtoxic concentrations in NOD-SCID mice bearing HT29 xenografts resulted in total tumor regression in 9 days and no subsequent tumor recurrence. As the increased expression of TF-associated glycans is commonly seen in human cancers, SRL has the potential to be developed as a therapeutic agent for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashikala R Inamdar
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad-580 003, India.
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Norberg O, Lee IH, Aastrup T, Yan M, Ramström O. Photogenerated lectin sensors produced by thiol-ene/yne photo-click chemistry in aqueous solution. Biosens Bioelectron 2012; 34:51-6. [PMID: 22341757 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2012.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2011] [Accepted: 01/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The photoinitiated radical reactions between thiols and alkenes/alkynes (thiol-ene and thiol-yne chemistry) have been applied to a functionalization methodology to produce carbohydrate-presenting surfaces for analyses of biomolecular interactions. Polymer-coated quartz surfaces were functionalized with alkenes or alkynes in a straightforward photochemical procedure utilizing perfluorophenylazide (PFPA) chemistry. The alkene/alkyne surfaces were subsequently allowed to react with carbohydrate thiols in water under UV-irradiation. The reaction can be carried out in a drop of water directly on the surface without photoinitiator, and any disulfide side products were easily washed away after the functionalization process. The resulting carbohydrate-presenting surfaces were evaluated in real-time studies of protein-carbohydrate interactions using a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) flow-through system with recurring injections of selected lectins, with intermediate regeneration steps using low pH buffer. The resulting methodology proved fast, efficient and scalable to high-throughput analysis formats, and the produced surfaces showed significant protein binding with expected selectivities of the lectins used in the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Norberg
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, Stockholm, Sweden
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