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Ju H, Liu Y, Gong J, Gong PX, Wang ZX, Wu YC, Li HJ. Revolutionizing cancer treatment: Harnessing the power of terrestrial microbial polysaccharides. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 274:133171. [PMID: 38880444 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Cancer treatment faces numerous challenges, such as inadequate drug targeting, steep price tags, grave toxic side effects, and limited therapeutic efficacy. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a safe and effective new drug to combat cancer. Microbial polysaccharides, complex and diverse biological macromolecules, exhibit significant microbial variability and uniqueness. Studies have shown that terrestrial microbial polysaccharides possess a wide range of biological activities, including immune enhancement, antioxidant properties, antiviral effects, anti-tumour potential, and hypoglycemic functions. To delve deeper into the structure-activity relationship of these land-based microbial polysaccharides against cancer, we conducted a comprehensive review and analysis of anti-cancer literature published between 2020 and 2024. The anticancer efficacy of terrestrial microbial polysaccharides is influenced by multiple factors, including the microbial species, existing form, chemical structure, and polysaccharide purity. According to the literature, an optimal molecular weight and good water solubility are essential for demonstrating anticancer activity. Furthermore, the addition of mannose and galactose has been found to significantly enhance the anticancer properties of these polysaccharides. These insights will serve as a valuable reference for future research and progress in the field of cancer drug therapy, particularly with regards to terrestrial microbial polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Ju
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Harbin 150006, PR China; Weihai Key Laboratory of Active Factor of Marine Products, Weihai Marine Organism & Medical Technology Research Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, PR China
| | - Yang Liu
- Weihai Key Laboratory of Active Factor of Marine Products, Weihai Marine Organism & Medical Technology Research Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, PR China
| | - Jun Gong
- Weihai Key Laboratory of Active Factor of Marine Products, Weihai Marine Organism & Medical Technology Research Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, PR China
| | - Pi-Xian Gong
- Weihai Key Laboratory of Active Factor of Marine Products, Weihai Marine Organism & Medical Technology Research Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, PR China.
| | - Zi-Xuan Wang
- Weihai Key Laboratory of Active Factor of Marine Products, Weihai Marine Organism & Medical Technology Research Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, PR China
| | - Yan-Chao Wu
- Weihai Key Laboratory of Active Factor of Marine Products, Weihai Marine Organism & Medical Technology Research Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, PR China
| | - Hui-Jing Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Harbin 150006, PR China; Weihai Key Laboratory of Active Factor of Marine Products, Weihai Marine Organism & Medical Technology Research Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, PR China.
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Purification and Structure Characterization of the Crude Polysaccharide from the Fruiting Bodies of Butyriboletus pseudospeciosus and Its Modulation Effects on Gut Microbiota. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062679. [PMID: 36985654 PMCID: PMC10057200 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharides from the species of Boletaceae (Boletales, Agaricomycetes, Basidiomycota) are economically significant to both functional foods and medicinal industries. The crude polysaccharide from Butyriboletus pseudospeciosus (BPP) was prepared, and its physicochemical properties were characterized through the use of consecutive experimental apparatus, and its impact on the gut microbiota of Kunming mice was evaluated. Analyses of the structure characteristics revealed that BPP was mainly composed of Man, Glc, and Gal, possessing the pyranose ring and β/α-glycosidic linkages. TG analysis exhibited that BPP had great heat stability. The SEM observation performed demonstrated that BPP appeared with a rough, dense, and porous shape. Through the BPP intervention, the serum and fecal biochemical index in mice can be improved obviously (p < 0.05). The abundance of beneficial microbiota in the BPP-treated group was significantly increased, while the abundance of harmful microbiota was significantly decreased (p < 0.05). Based on the Tax4Fun, we also revealed the relationship between the species of gut microbiota and showed that the high dose of BPP has significantly changed the functional diversities compared with those in other groups (p < 0.05). The results suggest that B. pseudospeciosus could serve as potential functional food or medicine.
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Ju H, Yu C, Liu W, Li HH, Fu Z, Wu YC, Gong PX, Li HJ. Polysaccharides from marine resources exhibit great potential in the treatment of tumor: A review. CARBOHYDRATE POLYMER TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2023.100308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
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Asma ST, Acaroz U, Imre K, Morar A, Shah SRA, Hussain SZ, Arslan-Acaroz D, Demirbas H, Hajrulai-Musliu Z, Istanbullugil FR, Soleimanzadeh A, Morozov D, Zhu K, Herman V, Ayad A, Athanassiou C, Ince S. Natural Products/Bioactive Compounds as a Source of Anticancer Drugs. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14246203. [PMID: 36551687 PMCID: PMC9777303 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14246203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the major deadly diseases globally. The alarming rise in the mortality rate due to this disease attracks attention towards discovering potent anticancer agents to overcome its mortality rate. The discovery of novel and effective anticancer agents from natural sources has been the main point of interest in pharmaceutical research because of attractive natural therapeutic agents with an immense chemical diversity in species of animals, plants, and microorganisms. More than 60% of contemporary anticancer drugs, in one form or another, have originated from natural sources. Plants and microbial species are chosen based on their composition, ecology, phytochemical, and ethnopharmacological properties. Plants and their derivatives have played a significant role in producing effective anticancer agents. Some plant derivatives include vincristine, vinblastine, irinotecan, topotecan, etoposide, podophyllotoxin, and paclitaxel. Based on their particular activity, a number of other plant-derived bioactive compounds are in the clinical development phase against cancer, such as gimatecan, elomotecan, etc. Additionally, the conjugation of natural compounds with anti-cancerous drugs, or some polymeric carriers particularly targeted to epitopes on the site of interest to tumors, can generate effective targeted treatment therapies. Cognizance from such pharmaceutical research studies would yield alternative drug development strategies through natural sources which could be economical, more reliable, and safe to use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syeda Tasmia Asma
- Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar 03200, Turkey
| | - Ulas Acaroz
- Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar 03200, Turkey
- ACR Bio Food and Biochemistry Research and Development, Afyonkarahisar 03200, Turkey
| | - Kálmán Imre
- Department of Animal Production and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences “King Mihai I” from Timișoara, 300645 Timisoara, Romania
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +40-2-5627-7186
| | - Adriana Morar
- Department of Animal Production and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences “King Mihai I” from Timișoara, 300645 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Syed Rizwan Ali Shah
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar 03200, Turkey
| | - Syed Zajif Hussain
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, SBA School of Science & Engineering (SBASSE), Lahore University of Management Sciences (LUMS), Lahore 54792, Pakistan
| | - Damla Arslan-Acaroz
- ACR Bio Food and Biochemistry Research and Development, Afyonkarahisar 03200, Turkey
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar 03200, Turkey
| | - Hayri Demirbas
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyonkarahisar 03030, Turkey
| | - Zehra Hajrulai-Musliu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Fatih Ramazan Istanbullugil
- Department of Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University, Bishkek KG-720038, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Ali Soleimanzadeh
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia 5756151818, Iran
| | - Dmitry Morozov
- Department of Epizootology and Infectious Diseases, Vitebsk State Academy of Veterinary Medicine, 210026 Vitebsk, Belarus
| | - Kui Zhu
- National Center for Veterinary Drug Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Viorel Herman
- Department of Infectious Disease and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences “King Mihai I” from Timișoara, 300645 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Abdelhanine Ayad
- Department of Physical Biology and Chemistry, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia 06000, Algeria
| | - Christos Athanassiou
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agriculture Zoology, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, 38446 Volos, Greece
| | - Sinan Ince
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar 03200, Turkey
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Zhang G, Liu C, Zhang R. A novel acidic polysaccharide from blackened jujube: Structural features and antitumor activity in vitro. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1001334. [PMID: 36185697 PMCID: PMC9521368 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1001334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is one of the most common cancers, with increasing trends in incidence and mortality. A novel acidic polysaccharide (BJP-2) obtained from blackened jujube was extracted by hot water followed by chromatographic purification employing DEAE-cellulose 52 and Sephadex G-100 column. And then BJP-2 was identified by SEC-MALLS-RI, GC-MS, methylation and NMR for the following characteristics: molecular weight of 6.42 × 104 Da, monosaccharide composition of glucuronic acid (GalA), arabinose (Ara), galactose (Gal), rhamnose (Rha), xylose (Xyl), glucuronic acid (GlcA), glucose (Glc), fucose (Fuc) and mannose (Man) with the percentage of 39.78, 31.93, 16.86, 6.43, 1.86, 1.28, 1.02, 0.61, and 0.23%, as well as the main chain of → 5)-α-L-Araf (1 → 4)-β-D-Gal(1 → , T-α-L-Araf (1 → 4)-β-D-Gal(1 → , and → 4)-α-L-6MeGalAp(1 → . The effect of BJP-2 on the apoptosis of HepG2 cells and its anti-tumor mechanism were further explored. The analysis by MTT and flow cytometry showed that BJP-2 suppressed cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner. Cell scratching and Transwell revealed that BJP-2 was able to block the invasion and metastasis of tumor cells. Western blot results demonstrated that BJP-2 exhibited antitumor activity through a mitochondria-dependent pathway, as evidenced by overexpression of Bax, Cleaved Caspase-3/Caspase-3 and Cleaved Caspase-9/Caspase-9 and downregulation of Bcl-2. Therefore, BJP-2 has broad research prospects as a tumor preventive or therapeutic agent.
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Tian R, Chai H, Qiu JQ, Liang ZQ, Xie HJ, Wang Y, Zeng NK. Preparation, structural characterisation, and antioxidant activities of polysaccharides from eight boletes (Boletales) in tropical China. Mycology 2022; 13:195-206. [PMID: 35938078 PMCID: PMC9354634 DOI: 10.1080/21501203.2022.2069172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharides in boletes (Boletales) are economically significant to both function food and medicinal industries. The polysaccharides were extracted from the fruit bodies of eight boletes, namely, Aureoboletus longicollis, Butyriboletus hainanensis, Crocinoboletus rufoaureus, Hemioporus japonicus, Neoboletus infuscatus, Neoboletus obscureumbrinus, Tylopilus otsuensis, Xanthoconium fusciceps, which were collected from tropical China; their physicochemical properties and antioxidant activities were characterised and evaluated, respectively. The results revealed that the polysaccharides among the eight boletes were mainly composed of glucose, mannose, and galactose, with a broad molecular weight range, and contained a pyranose ring revealed by FT-IR and NMR spectral analyses. Many factors such as different species of boletes, geographic conditions, molecular weight, configuration, and monosaccharide content may affect the antioxidant power of polysaccharides, simultaneously, instead of one single factor. The antioxidant activities of the polysaccharides were measured according to in vitro assays of DPPH scavenging, superoxide anion scavenging, and ferrous ion reducing tests. The polysaccharide of C. rufoaureus has greatly superior antioxidant activity and it could serve as potential functional food or medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Run Tian
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Hui Chai
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Jun-Qiang Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Zhi-Qun Liang
- College of Science, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Hui-Jing Xie
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Nian-Kai Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
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Chemical profiles and health-promoting effects of porcini mushroom (Boletus edulis): A narrative review. Food Chem 2022; 390:133199. [PMID: 35597089 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Boletus edulis is an edible mushroom with nutritious, delicacy, and pharmacological properties. It is rich in carbohydrates, proteins, minerals, and taste compounds, while low in fat and calories. Diverse bioactive compounds, including polysaccharides, phenolic compounds, and phytosterols, have been found in B. edulis. In addition, bioactive compounds and chemical extracts from B. edulis have been verified to possess constipation prevention, antioxidant, antineoplastic, anti-inflammatory, hepato-protective, antibacterial, and antiviral activities. This paper provides an overview of B. edulis research in recent two decades, emphasizing the nutrition constituents, taste and flavor components, bioactive compounds, and health-promoting effects of B. edulis. Boletus edulis appeared to have health-promoting effects that may effectively prevent or treat various chronic diseases. The potential of B. edulis as a functional food and medicine needs to be further investigated and confirmed.
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