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Gambardella J, Trimarco B, Iaccarino G, Santulli G. New Insights in Cardiac Calcium Handling and Excitation-Contraction Coupling. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 1067:373-385. [PMID: 28956314 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2017_106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Excitation-contraction (EC) coupling denotes the conversion of electric stimulus in mechanic output in contractile cells. Several studies have demonstrated that calcium (Ca2+) plays a pivotal role in this process. Here we present a comprehensive and updated description of the main systems involved in cardiac Ca2+ handling that ensure a functional EC coupling and their pathological alterations, mainly related to heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Gambardella
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy.,Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Bruno Trimarco
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy
| | - Guido Iaccarino
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Gaetano Santulli
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy. .,Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave, Forch 525, 10461, New York, NY, USA.
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Apoptosis-related microRNA changes in the right atrium induced by remote ischemic perconditioning during valve replacement surgery. Sci Rep 2016; 6:18959. [PMID: 26738985 PMCID: PMC4704063 DOI: 10.1038/srep18959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously found that remote ischemic perconditioning (RIPerc) was effective in attenuating myocardial injury during cardiac surgery. Given that microRNAs (miRs) act as an important player in ischemic/reperfusion (I/R) injury and apoptosis, this study aimed to investigate whether RIPerc reduces apoptosis in atrial myocardium and which apoptosis-related miRs are involved during valve replacement surgery. Here, we demonstrated that RIPerc inhibited apoptosis in atrial myocardium during cardiac ischemia and that 17 miRs showed at least a 1.5-fold change in expression after ischemia. Of the 17 miRs, 9 miRs, including miR-1, miR-21, miR-24, and miR-195, which are related to apoptosis, exhibited different expression patterns in the RIPerc group compared with the control. Using qRT-PCR and Western blotting, we demonstrated that miR-1 and miR-195 were downregulated and that their common putative target gene Bcl-2 was upregulated in the RIPerc group. However, the differences in miR-21 and miR-24 expression, together with programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4), which is the target gene of miR-21, were not significant. These findings provide some insight into the role of miRs in the cardioprotective effects induced by RIPerc.
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Cannavo A, Rengo G, Liccardo D, Pironti G, Scimia MC, Scudiero L, De Lucia C, Ferrone M, Leosco D, Zambrano N, Koch WJ, Trimarco B, Esposito G. Prothymosin alpha protects cardiomyocytes against ischemia-induced apoptosis via preservation of Akt activation. Apoptosis 2014; 18:1252-61. [PMID: 23857453 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-013-0876-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The human prothymosin alpha (PTα) gene encodes a 12.5 kDa highly acidic nuclear protein that is widely expressed in mammalian tissues including the heart and importantly, is detectable also in blood serum. During apoptosis or necrosis, PTα changes its nuclear localization and is able to exert an important cytoprotective effect. Since the role of PTα in the heart has never been evaluated, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of PTα on cardiomyocytes during ischemic injury. Our data show that seven after myocardial infarction (MI), PTα expression levels are significantly increased both in blood serum and in cardiac tissue, and notably we observe that PTα translocates from the nuclei to cytoplasm and plasma membrane of cardiomyocytes following MI. Furthermore, in vitro experiments in cardiomyocytes, confirm that after 6 h of simulated ischemia (SI), PTα protein levels are upregulated compared to normoxic cells. Importantly, treatment of cardiomyocytes with a recombinant PTα (rPTα), during SI results in a significant decrease in the apoptotic response and in a robust increase in cell survival. Moreover, these effects are accompanied to a significant preservation of the activated levels of the anti-apoptotic serine-threonine kinase Akt. Consistent with our in vitro observation, rPTα-treated MI mice exhibit a strong reduction in infarct size at 24 h, compared to the MI control group and at the molecular level, PTα treatment induces activation of Akt. The present study provides for the first time the demonstration that PTα offers cardioprotection against ischemic injury by an Akt-dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Cannavo
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini, 5, 80131, Naples, Italy,
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miR-24 regulates intrinsic apoptosis pathway in mouse cardiomyocytes. PLoS One 2014; 9:e85389. [PMID: 24454859 PMCID: PMC3893205 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous cardiac diseases, including myocardial infarction (MI) and chronic heart failure, have been associated with cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Promoting cell survival by inhibiting apoptosis is one of the effective strategies to attenuate cardiac dysfunction caused by cardiomyocyte loss. miR-24 has been shown as an anti-apoptotic microRNA in various animal models. In vivo delivery of miR-24 into a mouse MI model suppressed cardiac cell death, attenuated infarct size, and rescued cardiac dysfunction. However, the molecular pathway by which miR-24 inhibits cardiomyocyte apoptosis is not known. Here we found that miR-24 negatively regulates mouse primary cadiomyocyte cell death through functioning in the intrinsic apoptotic pathways. In ER-mediated intrinsic pathway, miR-24 genetically interacts with the CEBP homologous gene CHOP as knocking down of CHOP partially attenuated the induced apoptosis by miR-24 inhibition. In mitochondria-involved intrinsic pathway, miR-24 inhibits the initiation of apoptosis through suppression of Cytochrome C release and Bax translocation from cytosol to mitochondria. These results provide mechanistic insights into the miR-24 mediated anti-apoptotic effects in murine cardiomyocytes.
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Tallawi M, Rai R, R-Gleixner M, Roerick O, Weyand M, Roether JA, Schubert DW, Kozlowska A, Fray ME, Merle B, Göken M, Aifantis K, Boccaccini AR. Poly(glycerol sebacate)\Poly(butylene succinate-dilinoleate) Blends as Candidate Materials for Cardiac Tissue Engineering. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.201300114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Tallawi
- Institute of Biomaterials; Department of Materials Science and Engineering; University of Erlangen-Nuremberg; 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - R. Rai
- Institute of Biomaterials; Department of Materials Science and Engineering; University of Erlangen-Nuremberg; 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - M. R-Gleixner
- Department of Cardiac Surgery; University of Erlangen-Nuremberg; 91054 Erlangen Germany
| | - O. Roerick
- Department of Cardiac Surgery; University of Erlangen-Nuremberg; 91054 Erlangen Germany
| | - M. Weyand
- Department of Cardiac Surgery; University of Erlangen-Nuremberg; 91054 Erlangen Germany
| | - J. A. Roether
- Institute of Polymeric Materials; Department of Materials Science and Engineering; University of Erlangen-Nuremberg; 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - D. W. Schubert
- Institute of Polymeric Materials; Department of Materials Science and Engineering; University of Erlangen-Nuremberg; 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - A. Kozlowska
- Polymer Institute; Division of Biomaterials and Microbiological Technologies; West Pomeranian University of Technology; Szczecin Poland
| | - M. El Fray
- Polymer Institute; Division of Biomaterials and Microbiological Technologies; West Pomeranian University of Technology; Szczecin Poland
| | - B. Merle
- Institute of General Materials Properties; Department of Materials Science and Engineering; University of Erlangen-Nuremberg; 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - M. Göken
- Institute of General Materials Properties; Department of Materials Science and Engineering; University of Erlangen-Nuremberg; 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - K. Aifantis
- Lab of Mechanics and Materials; School of Engineering; Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; 54124 Thessaloniki Greece
| | - A. R. Boccaccini
- Institute of Biomaterials; Department of Materials Science and Engineering; University of Erlangen-Nuremberg; 91058 Erlangen Germany
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Rai R, Tallawi M, Barbani N, Frati C, Madeddu D, Cavalli S, Graiani G, Quaini F, Roether JA, Schubert DW, Rosellini E, Boccaccini AR. Biomimetic poly(glycerol sebacate) (PGS) membranes for cardiac patch application. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2013; 33:3677-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2013.04.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Revised: 04/12/2013] [Accepted: 04/26/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Qiu H, Liu JY, Wei D, Li N, Yamoah EN, Hammock BD, Chiamvimonvat N. Cardiac-generated prostanoids mediate cardiac myocyte apoptosis after myocardial ischaemia. Cardiovasc Res 2012; 95:336-45. [PMID: 22707158 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvs191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS The objective of the present study is to elucidate the pathogenic role of eicosanoids in myocardial infarction (MI). The accumulation of eicosanoid metabolites in ischaemic myocardium has been demonstrated in animal models and patients with MI, and it occurs in parallel with the development of irreversible cardiac damage. However, the key question that remains unanswered is whether cardiac-generated eicosanoids are the cause or the consequence of cardiac cell damage in MI. METHODS AND RESULTS We used a clinically relevant animal model of MI and metabolic profiling to monitor the eicosanoid profile in ischaemic myocardium. We demonstrate that ischaemia induces the generation of prostanoids mainly through the cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 pathway in the myocardium. Cardiac-generated prostanoids, particularly prostaglandin D(2) (PGD(2)), can directly induce apoptosis in cardiac myocytes. This effect involves the up-regulation of the pro-apoptotic gene, Fas ligand (FasL), in a D-type prostanoid receptor-independent manner. The treatment of the MI mice with low-dose aspirin effectively inhibits the ischaemia-induced prostanoid generation and FasL expression in the myocardium, leading to the reduction in cardiac apoptosis following cardiac ischaemia. CONCLUSIONS Cardiac ischaemia results in COX-1-mediated generation of prostanoids, which by inducing cardiac myocyte apoptosis, contribute to the cardiac cell loss following MI. The benefits of low-dose aspirin treatment in MI may be attributable, in part, to the inhibition of cardiac prostanoid generation and attenuation of apoptosis. Further understanding of the mechanisms underlying prostanoid-induced cardiac apoptosis may be of significant value in designing new therapeutic strategies to prevent aberrant cell loss following MI and subsequent progression to heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Qiu
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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Moura RM, de Queiroz AAA. Dendronized Polyaniline Nanotubes for Cardiac Tissue Engineering. Artif Organs 2011; 35:471-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-1594.2011.01257.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Park M, Youn B, Zheng XL, Wu D, Xu A, Sweeney G. Globular adiponectin, acting via AdipoR1/APPL1, protects H9c2 cells from hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced apoptosis. PLoS One 2011; 6:e19143. [PMID: 21552570 PMCID: PMC3084258 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0019143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2010] [Accepted: 03/20/2011] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiomyocyte apoptosis is an important remodeling event contributing to heart failure and adiponectin may mediate cardioprotective effects at least in part via attenuating apoptosis. Here we used hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) induced apoptosis in H9c2 cells to examine the effect of adiponectin and cellular mechanisms of action. We first used TUNEL labeling in combination with laser scanning cytometry to demonstrate that adiponectin prevented H/R-induced DNA fragmentation. The anti-apoptotic effect of adiponectin was also verified via attenuation of H/R-induced phosphatidylserine exposure using annexin V binding. H/R-induced apoptosis via the mitochondrial-mediated intrinsic pathway of apoptosis as assessed by cytochrome c release into cytosol and caspase-3 activation, both of which were attenuated by adiponectin. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that adiponectin enhanced anti-oxidative potential in these cells which led to attenuation of the increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) caused by H/R. To further address the mechanism of adiponctins anti-apoptotic effects we used siRNA to efficiently knockdown adiponectin receptor (AdipoR1) expression and found that this attenuated the protective effects of adiponectin on ROS production and caspase 3 activity. Knockdown of APPL1, an important intracellular binding partner for AdipoR, also significantly reduced the ability of adiponectin to prevent H/R-induced ROS generation and caspase 3 activity. In summary, H/R-induced ROS generation and activation of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway was prevented by adiponectin via AdipoR1/APPL1 signaling and increased anti-oxidant potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Park
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Canada
- Institut Pasteur Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - ByungSoo Youn
- AdipoGen Inc., Songdo Technopark, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Xi-long Zheng
- The Smooth Muscle Research Group, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Donghai Wu
- Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aimin Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Gary Sweeney
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Canada
- Institut Pasteur Korea, Seoul, South Korea
- * E-mail:
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Fernandes EG, Zucolotto V, De Queiroz AA. Electrospinning of Hyperbranched Poly-L-Lysine/Polyaniline Nanofibers for Application in Cardiac Tissue Engineering. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2010.518847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Ahmet I, Spangler E, Shukitt-Hale B, Joseph JA, Ingram DK, Talan M. Survival and cardioprotective benefits of long-term blueberry enriched diet in dilated cardiomyopathy following myocardial infarction in rats. PLoS One 2009; 4:e7975. [PMID: 19936253 PMCID: PMC2775918 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0007975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2009] [Accepted: 10/22/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite remarkable progress in treatment of chronic heart failure (CHF) over the last two decades, mortality, personal suffering and cost remain staggering, and effective interventions are still a challenge. Previously we reported that a blueberry-enriched diet (BD) attenuated necroapoptosis and inflammation in periinfarct area in a rat model of myocardial infarction (MI). Objectives To test the hypothesis that BD will attenuate the course of CHF, including mortality and cardiac remodeling during the first year after induction of MI in rats. Method and Results Two weeks after coronary artery ligation, rats were divided into two groups of similar average MI size, measured by echocardiography, and then12-mo dietary regimens were initiated as follows: ad libitum regular diet (control, CD, n = 27) and isocaloric food with 2% blueberry supplement (BD, n = 27) also available ad libitum. These dietary groups were compared to each other and to sham group (SH). Mortality over the 12 mo was reduced by 22% in BD compared with CD (p<0.01). In the course of developing CHF, BD had no effect on the body weight, heart rate or blood pressure. Bi-monthly Echo revealed significant attenuation of the LV chamber remodeling, LV posterior wall thinning, and MI expansion in BD compared with CD. In fact, BD arrested the MI expansion. Conclusion This is the first experimental evidence that a blueberry-enriched diet has positive effects on the course of CHF and thus warrants consideration for clinical evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismayil Ahmet
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science and Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Edward Spangler
- Laboratory of Experimental Gerontology, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Barbara Shukitt-Hale
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - James A. Joseph
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Donald K. Ingram
- Laboratory of Experimental Gerontology, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Nutritional Neuroscience and Aging Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Mark Talan
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science and Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Analysis of apoptosis in isolated primary cardiac myocytes. Methods Mol Biol 2009. [PMID: 19609765 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-60327-017-5_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction represents the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the western societies. Importantly, both apoptosis and necrosis of cardiomyocytes have been implicated in the pathomechanism of myocardial infarction. The simplest way to analyze apoptosis in cardiac cells is the application of isolated neonatal primary cardiac myocytes, in which ischemia/reperfusion can be mimicked in vitro by exposing them to hypoxia and serum starvation, followed by restored oxygen and serum conditions, referred to as hypoxia/reoxygenation. In this chapter, we describe protocols routinely applied in our lab for investigating cardiomyocyte apoptosis. In summary, a better understanding of the apoptotic pathways and their regulation in the heart will potentially yield novel therapeutic targets for cardiac infarction.
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Blueberry-enriched diet protects rat heart from ischemic damage. PLoS One 2009; 4:e5954. [PMID: 19536295 PMCID: PMC2693933 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0005954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2009] [Accepted: 05/20/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES to assess the cardioprotective properties of a blueberry enriched diet (BD). BACKGROUND Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a major role in ischemia-related myocardial injury. The attempts to use synthetic antioxidants to block the detrimental effects of ROS have produced mixed or negative results precipitating the interest in natural products. Blueberries are readily available product with the highest antioxidant capacity among fruits and vegetables. METHODS AND RESULTS Following 3-mo of BD or a regular control diet (CD), the threshold for mitochondrial permeability transition (t(MPT)) was measured in isolated cardiomyocytes obtained from young male Fischer-344 rats. Compared to CD, BD resulted in a 24% increase (p<0.001) of ROS indexed t(MPT). The remaining animals were subjected to a permanent ligation of the left descending coronary artery. 24 hrs later resulting myocardial infarction (MI) in rats on BD was 22% less than in CD rats (p<0.01). Significantly less TUNEL(+) cardiomyocytes (2% vs 9%) and 40% less inflammation cells were observed in the myocardial area at risk of BD compared to CD rats (p<0.01). In the subgroup of rats, after coronary ligation the original diet was either continued or switched to the opposite one, and cardiac remodeling and MI expansion were followed by serial echocardiography for 10 weeks. Measurements suggested that continuation of BD or its withdrawal after MI attenuated or accelerated rates of post MI cardiac remodeling and MI expansion. CONCLUSION A blueberry-enriched diet protected the myocardium from induced ischemic damage and demonstrated the potential to attenuate the development of post MI chronic heart failure.
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